1,457 research outputs found
Introduction: The Politics of Resilience and Recovery in Mental Health Care
No full textThe articles included in this special issue engage these themes across a number of national settings, institutional spaces, and empirical sites, from universities to mental health commissions, to national policy in an international context. They focus, especially, on Canada, Ireland and the United Kingdom, where recent and significant changes in mental health governance have relied heavily on the notions of recovery and resilience, often to questionable effect. They deal, as we have said, with some of the most central themes in social justice studies. As a collection, the articles help us think through some of the pressing political questions about social justice that have arisen with the adoption of the mantras of resilience and recovery in mental health governance
Negotiating the Culture of Resistance: A Critical Assessment of Protest Politics
No full textBoth for those within the movement and the public at large, the anti-globalization movement has become increasingly defined by large-scale protests such as those opposing the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) in Quebec City. Such events successfully render visible the strength of the movement, expose an emerging global elite, politicize neoliberal restructuring, and capture the media and public's attention. Yet the privileging of large-scale protest for advancing anti-globalist politics is increasingly being questioned both by those involved in the movement and by the Left in general.Peer reviewe
Repositioning the graphic designer as researcher
Full text linkIn academic terms, the discipline of graphic design is relatively young. Consequently the position of the discipline within academic territory, and the role of the designer, continue to be debated. In part, these debates have been a product of attempts to define and defend the discipline’s borders from within, in order to establish a sense of the role of graphic design and the graphic designer as commensurate with other disciplines both within and beyond art and design. In recent years graphic designers have variously been defined as ‘authors’, ‘producers’ and ‘readers’, yet none of these definitions seem to have provided any kind of productive or lasting impact within the academy. This paper suggests that rather than continue to seek territorial definitions and positions from within, it could be more productive to look beyond the confines of the discipline. Gaining a broader, interdisciplinary perspective on, and understanding of, qualitative research methods from other disciplines may enable the graphic designer to more fully position his or her practice within the wider academy. Such a perspective could help facilitate the repositioning and redefinition of the graphic designer as ‘researcher’ - a move that would be productive in relation to the future development of postgraduate research within the discipline
Harmonizing the structured interview for psychosis-risk syndromes (SIPS) and the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states (CAARMS): An initial approach
No full text: The two most used semi-structured psychometric instruments that define criteria for being at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis are the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS). Although very similar there are important differences between these two measures. Developing harmonized psychometric criteria for defining CHR and associated outcomes would be beneficial for future research. This article describes the first step in this process by reporting on a NIMH workshop held in Washington DC, in February 2019 that was attended by experts in the field. The aim of this workshop was to examine the similarities and differences between the two measures and consider how the harmonization process could proceed
Psychotic-like experiences and correlation with distress and depressive symptoms in a community sample of adolescents and young adults
No full textObjective:
Studies conducted in community samples indicate that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are common in the general population; it has been suggested that such experiences are either variations in normal personality or different expressions of vulnerability to psychotic disorders. The aim of this study was to determine whether different subtypes of PLEs could be identified in a community sample of adolescents and young adults, and to investigate whether particular subtypes of PLEs were more likely to be associated with psychosocial difficulties, i.e. distress, depression and poor functioning, than other subtypes.
Method:
1882 students from high schools and universities participated in a cross-sectional multisite survey that measured i) PLEs using the Positive Scale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), ii) depression and distress using the CAPE Depression and Distress Subscales, and iii) functioning using the General Health Questionnaire-12. Factor analysis was conducted to identify any subtypes of PLEs.
Results:
Four subtypes of PLEs were identified: bizarre experiences (BE), perceptual abnormalities (PA), persecutory ideas (PI) and grandiosity (GR). Intermittent, infrequent psychotic experiences were common, whereas frequent experiences were not. BE and PI were strongly associated with distress, depression and poor functioning. PA and GR were associated with these variables to a lesser degree.
Conclusions:
Different subtypes of PLEs were identified in this large sample, confirming the findings of our previous studies. These subtypes seem to have different psychopathological meaning and may therefore indicate different levels of risk of severe psychiatric disorders, which suggests it is misleading to define PLEs as a homogenous entity
Organometallic chemistry of high-valent palladium and rhodium complexes
Full text linkAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimitedSince palladium and rhodium complexes have the ability to perform chemical bond transformations, such as C-C coupling, C-Heteroatom coupling, and C-H functionalization reactions, fundamental studies on palladium and rhodium complexes have gained increased attention over the past few decades (2000-2020). The metal center’s oxidation state plays an important role in mediating the process of chemical bond formation. During our research, the common oxidation states of the Pd centers changed between 0, II, and IV, while the Rh centers involved the I and III oxidation states in the transition metal-catalyzed reactions. While Pd(0/II/IV) and Rh(I/III) catalytic cycles are well-developed and used to create a multitude of different chemical bonds, it is crucial to investigate other catalytic intermediates for developing novel transition metal-catalyzed transformations.
To expand new chemical bond transformations for Pd and Rh complexes, we explored the rare oxidation states of Pd(I/III) and Rh(II/IV), which are less typically involved in catalysis. Studying these rare oxidation states not only allows us to develop better catalytic performance (potentially replacing current catalytic cycles), but also to create new types of chemical bond formations involving these oxidation states. In our group, we developed the multidentate ligands N,N’-dialkyl-2,11-diaza[3.3 (2,6) pyridinophane ( R N4) to synthesize and stabilize various Pd(III) and Rh(II) complexes. Furthermore, we can modify the R groups on the axial N arms of RN4 to change the electronic and steric properties of metal complexes, which allows easy access to high-valent or low-valent metal complexes and thus increase their reactivity.
First, we investigated the stabilization and reactivity of Pd(III) complexes with a variety of η3-allyl derivatives supported by the tBuN4 or MeN4 ligands. These (RN4)Pd(II)(η3-allyl) (R= tBu or Me) complexes exhibit a chemically accessible oxidation potential of Pd II/III . Upon oxidation, Pd(III)(allyl) complexes were generated and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Interestingly, the [(MeN4)Pd(III)(η3-allyl)] 2+ complex undergoes a rearrangement to the [(MeN4)Pd(III)(η1-allyl)] 2+ species at low temperatures. Moreover, fast allylic amination occurred within 15 min at room temperature upon the reaction of [(MeN4)Pd(II)(η3-allyl)] + complexes with NFSI and the C-N bond formation step is proposed to occur at the Pd(IV) oxidation state, likely via a Pd(IV)(η1-allyl) intermediate. Next, we investigated the new type of multidentate ligands, 4,11-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexadecane (CB- Me cyclam) and 4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[5.5.2]tetradecane (CB- Me cyclen), to stabilize the high-valent Pd(III) complexes. The (CB- Me cyclam)Pd(II)Cl and (CB- Me cyclen)Pd(II)Cl complexes were synthesized. Intriguingly, the structures of these Pd(II) complexes prefer to adopt a square pyramidal geometry instead of a square planar geometry. Further oxidation of (CB-Me cyclam)Pd(II)Cl formed the mononuclear (CB- Me cyclam)Pd(III)Cl(MeCN) complex in acetonitrile, while a binuclear (CB- Me cyclam)Pd(III)Cl complex was formed in the solid-state.
Lastly, we studied the oxidation chemistry of (RN4)Rh(III)Me 2 (R= tBu or iPr) and (tBuN4)Rh(III)(cycloneophyl)H complexes. For the oxidation chemistry of (RN4)Rh(III)Me2, instead of producing ethane through C-C bond formation, methane formation was observed. As a result, oxidative induced homolytic cleavage of Rh(IV)-Me was proposed to generate a methyl radical. To stabilize a high-valent Rh(IV) complex, (tBuN4)Rh(III)(cycloneophyl)H complex was synthesized. Subsequently, due to the lower oxidation potential of Rh(III/IV), the proposed [(tBuN4)Rh(IV)(cycloneophyl)H] + complex was synthesized and characterized by EPR and XPS.
In addition, we have obtained a single crystal of [(tBuN4)Rh(II)(neophyl)] + , which was important to prove a Rh(IV/II) C-H bond reductive elimination is accessible.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01The student, Yung-Ching Wang, accepted the attached license on 2021-01-25 at 10:31.The student, Yung-Ching Wang, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2021-01-25 at 10:52.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2021-01-26 at 10:42.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16155 on 2021-09-16 at 20:06:31Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T04:03:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Evaluation of the 2020 wildfire season
Full text linkan evaluation conducted by University of Oregon in partnership with Oregon Health Authority ; Michael R. Coughlan, Heidi Huber-Stearns, Benjamin Clark, and Alison Deak.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
The ultra high risk approach to define psychosis risk
No full textAlthough prodromal symptoms of psychosis have long been recognized, the clinical management of psychotic disorders conventionally begins at the first episode of frank psychosis, and, until recently, the period immediately preceding the first episode received relatively little attention. Over the last fifteen years, there has been increasing academic and clinical interest in people presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms. This clinical syndrome has been termed an "At Risk Mental State", and operationalised criteria, the "Ultra High Risk (UHR)", or "Clinical High Risk" criteria, have been developed to identify the syndrome. We will review here the mainstreams of the UHR paradigms focusing on the conceptual basis, potentials and limtations in current psychiatric research. © 2012 Bentham Science Publishers
Do UK based weight management programmes cause weight loss maintenance in adults? A systematic review
Full text linkThe aim of this dissertation was to examine whether UK based weight management programmes promote weight loss maintenance (follow up of 12 months to assess effectiveness of intervention in weight loss) in adults through the process of a systematic review. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has described obesity as a "global epidemic". Weight management comprises two phases; weight loss and weight loss maintenance. The latter phase is the true goal for obesity and the most difficult element of weight management to achieve. However much less is know about this as compared with the weight loss phase. There is little purpose in committing time and money to reducing obesity if the weight is regained. This is counter-productive and weight loss maintenance is essential to combat the obesity epidemic. Searches were made for relevant information from a variety of scientific online databases and journals,. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria and were analysed in the review. All studies incorporated a multi-component (diet, exercise, behaviur modification) intervention approach. All control and internvetion groups reported weight loss at 12 months when compared with baseline. All groups recieved an intervention. One study reported a significant difference (P<0.05) between groups. Four studies reported on at least one component (diet, physical activity, behaviour modification) however there was not enough information to conclude whether they complied with national guidelines (NICE CG43 and SIGN 115). High attrition rates and loss to follow up are problematic for each study except one. Analysis on an intention to treat basis was common however this is problematic and there are alternative methods which may be more suitable for dealing with missing data
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