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Pengelolaan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3)
No full textxviii, 205 hlm. : ilus. ; tab. ; 26 cm
Potensi kapang pelapuk putih Phanerochaeta chrysosporium dalam pengolahan limbah industri tekstil
No full textPhanerochaete chrysosporium was known as white rot mold which could biodegrade persistent organic pollutants. In this researchthe ability of the mold in biodegrading textile dye direct orange S and rhemazol yellow, which contained naphtol functional group, wasstudied. This research included characterization of the waste water and determination of optimum concentration of the waste water forbiodegradation. The optimum concentration for biodegradation was determined by measuring the radial growth of the mold in agarmedium containing various concentrations of textile dye. The final stage was the application of the mold for biodegrading the textiledye in aerobic batch reactor using the selected concentration.This research showed that P. chrysosporium could grow satisfactorily in minimum medium containing synthetic textile wastewaterin various concentrations. The highest colour removal efficiency of 93% was achieved in 3 days in the waste water with highest colorintensity (absorbance value l520 = 4.00), and 48% in the waste water with absorbance value l520 = 1.22. COD removal efficiency of87% was achieved within 12 days in the wastewater of 30% concentration, and 83% in the waste water of 100% concentration. The pHvalues decreased to 3.23 in the waste water with lower dye concentration and to 3.42 in the higher color intensity, from the initialvalues of 5.0-6.0. This research concluded that P. chrysosporium was capable to biodegrade naphtol textile dye with reasonably highefficiency
POTENSI KAPANG PELAPUK PUTIH Phanerochaete chrysosporium DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI TEKSTIL
No full textPhanerochaete chrysosporium was known as white rot mold which could biodegrade persistent organic pollutants. In this research the ability of the mold in biodegrading textile dye direct orange S and rhemazol yellow, which contained naphtol functional group, was studied. This research included characterization of the waste water and determination of optimum concentration of the waste water for biodegradation. The optimum concentration for biodegradation was determined by measuring the radial growth of the mold in agar medium containing various concentrations of textile dye. The final stage was the application of the mold for biodegrading the textile dye in aerobic batch reactor using the selected concentration. This research showed that P. chrysosporium could grow satisfactorily in minimum medium containing synthetic textile wastewater in various concentrations. The highest colour removal efficiency of 93 percent was achieved in 3 days in the waste water with highest color intensity (absorbance value l520 = 4.00), and 48 percent in the waste water with absorbance value l520 = 1.22. COD removal efficiency of 87 percent was achieved within 12 days in the wastewater of 30 percent concentration, and 83 percent in the waste water of 100 percent concentration. The pH values decreased to 3.23 in the waste water with lower dye concentration and to 3.42 in the higher color intensity, from the initial values of 5.0-6.0. This research concluded that P. chrysosporium was capable to biodegrade naphtol textile dye with reasonably high efficiency.</jats:p
Characteristics of Leachate Generated from Landfill Lysimeter Using Coal Fly Ash As a Landfill Cover Material
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Slaughter house solid waste management in Indonesia
No full textThe solid slaughter house waste (SSW) in Indonesia is generally disposed of into open dumped landfill. This type of solid waste can cause odor and atmospheric pollution if discharged directly into the environment. Additionally, it may spread disease due to the nesting vectors, and the resulting leachate can lead to groundwater contamination. This paper reviews the characterization of slaughter house (SH) types and SSW generation potential and to review the development of treatment technology of SSW and its application. The SH in Indonesia is divided into 3 classes, namely: 1) SH for large and small ruminants; 2) SH for poultry; 3) SH for pigs. Application technologies in Indonesia include compost and biogas technologies, and the use of rumen content for animal feed. Problem in biogas technology is generally caused by the high nitrogen content in the SSW. The most suitable raw material for biogas production is herbivore waste. The main advantages of using SSW for compost production are: the appropriate characteristics for composting process, free of hazardous contaminant, and appropriate composting technologies are available to reduce environmental problems caused by SSW. In addition, rumen content is considered to be a potential alternative for animal feed because have high content of amino acids (approximately 73.4% of the total protein) and rich in vitamin B complex. Among the disadvantages, the composting process of SSW requires long time period and generate air pollutants, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulphide
Stabilisasi/Solidifikasi Timbunan Tailing Penambangan Emas Rakyat Kulon Progo Menggunakan Semen Portland
No full textPenambangan emas rakyat di Kulon Progo menghasilkan limbah berupa tailing yang mengandung merkuri (Hg) dari proses amalgamasi emas. Merkuri tersebut dibuang dan ditimbun dalam tanah. Pada penambangan tersebut terdapat timbunan tailing aktif (TTA) dan tidak aktif (TTTA). Konsentrasi total merkuri pada tailing yaitu sekitar 291-314 mg/kg. Nilai konsentrasi tersebut melebihi baku mutu konsentrasi merkuri pada tailing dengan batas maksimum sebesar 75 mg/kg. Stablilisasi/Solidifikasi (S/S) dapat diaplikasikan untuk remediasi lingkungan tercemar logam berat. Semen portland memiliki kemampuan sebagai binder pencemar logam berat. Tujuan pertama dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi karakteristik dari timbunan tailing aktif dan tidak aktif. Tujuan kedua yaitu untuk menentukan komposisi optimum timbunan tailing aktif dan tidak aktif dalam proses S/S menggunakan semen portland. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua variasi yaitu variasi jenis timbunan tailing dan variasi komposisi timbunan tailing. Variasi jenis timbunan tailing terdiri dari timbunan tailing aktif dan timbunan tailing tidak aktif. Sampel dari kedua jenis timbunan tailing divariasikan dengan semen portland pada % rasio b/b 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, dan 100:0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel timbunan tailing mengandung unsur clay dengan permeabilitas r 7,32 x 10-13 hingga 1,03 x 10-12 cm/detik. Kadar air sampel TTA dan TTTA sebesar 31,77% dan 28%. Konsentrasi merkuri pada sampel TTA yaitu 160-318 mg/kg. Sedangkan pada sampel TTTA yaitu 94-99 mg/kg. Seluruh sampel memenuhi baku mutu kuat tekan dan baku mutu TCLP yang ditetapkan. Komposisi 100% sampel TTA dan TTTA masih mampu mengikat merkuri dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 53 ton/m2 dan 117 ton/m2. Nilai TCLP untuk merkuri pada sampel TTA dan TTTA lebih rendah dari 0,0005 mg/L. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanpa penambahan semen portland sebagai binder, timbunan tailing yang mengandung clay memiliki kemampuan untuk mensolidifikasi dan menstabilkan merkuri yang terkandung dalam limbah tailing, hingga memenuhi baku mutu
Stabilisasi/Solidifikasi Tailing Tambang Emas Rakyat Kulon Progo Menggunakan Semen Portland dan Tanah Tras
No full textMerkuri digunakan dalam proses amalgamasi untuk mengikat emas. Namun, penggunaan merkuri pada tambang emas rakyat Kulon Progo, DI Yogyakarta mengakibatkan pencemaran tanah dan badan air di sekitar lokasi tambang. Tailing mengandung merkuri yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan emas ditampung dalam kolam dan seringkali dibiarkan hingga penuh dan meluap ke area sekitarnya. Tailing tergolong limbah B3 kategori 2 menurut Lampiran I PP No. 101 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Konsentrasi merkuri dalam tailing mencapai 302,31 mg/kg. Upaya remediasi melalui stabilisasi/solidifikasi (S/S) dilakukan untuk mencegah penyebaran merkuri. Semen Portland dan tanah tras digunakan sebagai binder dalam proses S/S ini. Komposisi terbaik antara semen dan tanah tras serta komposisi terbaik antara binder dan tailing ditentukan dalam penelitian ini. Penentuan didasarkan dari hasil uji kuat tekan dan uji TCLP terhadap benda uji. Benda uji berbentuk kubus dengan ukuran tiap sisi 5 cm. Baku mutu uji kuat tekan menurut Kep. Bapedal No. KEP-03/BAPEDAL/09/1995 adalah 10 ton/m2. Baku mutu TCLP menurut Lampiran IV PP No 101 Tahun 2014 yaitu 0,05 mg/L. Variasi komposisi semen dan tanah tras adalah 100:0 ; 90:10 ; 80:20 ; 30:70 ; 60:40 ; 50:50 ; 40:60 ; 30:70 ; 20:80 dan 10:90. Komposisi terbaik ditetapkan pada komposisi 40:60 dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 260 kg/cm2. Variasi komposisi binder dan tailing yaitu 50:50 ; 40:60 ; 30:70 ; 20:80 dan 10:90. Komposisi terbaik ditetapkan pada komposisi 50:50 dengan nilai kuat tekan 92,4 kg/cm2 dan nilai TCLP kurang dari 0,21 mg/L
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