95 research outputs found
Analisis Pemasaran Sosial dengan Metode SWOT pada Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) di Kantor Badan TASKIN PMPKB Kabupaten Tanah Datar: Indonesia
No full textABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to analyze internal and external factors that influence the social marketing strategy of the Family Planning (KB) program at the Tanah Datar District TASKIN PMPKB Office and analyze what strategies are appropriate to be applied to the Tanah Datar TASKIN PMPKB Agency Office. In this study, the author uses the SWOT method to analyze internal and external factors and what strategies are appropriate to be applied to the TASKIN PMPKB Office of Tanah Datar Regency. Based on the SWOT analysis, the total score of the strength factor is more dominant or greater than the weakness factor at the Tanah Datar TASKIN PMPKB Office, which is 1.58 compared to 1.49.
While the external factor, the opportunity score is greater than the threat score at the Tanah Datar TASKIN PMPKB Office, which is 1.81 compared to 1.14, so it can be concluded that all existing weaknesses can be covered or overcome with strengths. exist, as well as threats that come from outside can be overcome with the opportunities that exist for the Tanah Datar District TASKIN PMPKB Office
Editorial board member and prolific author status positively shorten publication time
No full textPublication speed is one of the important aspects of scholarly communication today since a good deal of research performance evaluation systems are based on published articles. This study aims to reveal the factors affecting the publication speed of journals. In this context, six library and information science (LIS) journals, ASLIB Journal of Information Management, Journal of Documentation, Journal of Informetrics, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, Online Information Review, and Scientometrics are analysed in terms of their publication speed. Results show that being an editorial board member or prolific author for journals significantly shortens the duration of publication. Moreover, when there is at least one editorial board member or prolific author in the author group, the duration of the publication is shorter than the articles from the unknown authors. However, the fact that no significant difference is determined between single- and double-blind peer review and the duration of publication process gives an idea about the scientific levels of articles written by editorial board members or prolific authors. In this regard, our approach is to examine other factors affecting the publication speed by conducting multi-dimensional analysis in future studies
Full-Waveform Inversion for Breast Ultrasound
No full textBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer for women and in developed countries it forms one of their largest threats. Many studies have shown that early detection by screening is important for achieving a successful treatment and reducing the mortality rate. Nowadaysmammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening. However, mammography has several drawbacks including the use of ionizing radiation, a painful procedure, and poor performance with dense breasts. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could form an alternative as it has some powerful features. However, the high examination and equipment costs as well as the use of contrast agents limits its applicability. Another potential alternative for breast cancer screening is ultrasound. Ultrasound has the advantage over mammography orMRI that it is safe, cheap and patient-friendly. With ultrasound, a tumor can be detected since healthy breast tissues and cancerous tissues have different acoustic properties. All these features make ultrasound a promising candidate as a screening modality for breast cancer. Hand-held ultrasound scans are frequently used for breast imaging in hospitals. With these scanners reflectivity images are generated. These images typically show the boundaries between different tissues. Even when these exams are conducted by trained radiologists operator-dependency occurs. To eliminate this, automated full-breast ultrasound scanners have been developed where the transducer slides over the breast. However, as the imaging principle remains the same, only reflectivity images are generated. To avoid significant breast deformation as well as to scan the breast from as many sides as possible water-bath scanning systems have been developed. These systems have the additional advantage that both reflection and transmission measurements are obtained. This mixture of different measurement types make it feasible to obtain better images by employing advanced processing techniques. One promising imaging method is full-waveform inversion (FWI). FWI aims to match a modeled wavefield to a measured wavefield by adjusting the acoustic medium parameters. A minimization problem is constructed and solved to this aim. As a result, images showing quantitative information about the different tissues are obtained. This quantitative information aids to the characterization and identification of the different tissues. However, there are some challenges when applying FWI. One of the biggest challenges is its computational complexity. By the inclusion of wave phenomena such as diffraction, refraction, scattering and dispersion - needed to explain the measured data in great detail - the computational complexity of FWI has become significantly larger than conventional - mainly ray based - imaging methods. In this work, we investigate the applicability of contrast source inversion (CSI) as an FWI method for breast ultrasound. To this end, we first introduce our full-waveform forward modeling method which is based on solving an integral equation. With a synthetic example,we investigate howeach mediumparameter (compressibility, density, and attenuation) affects the scattered pressure field. The obtained results show that attenuation, in contrast to compressibility and density, has only little effect on the wavefield for frequencies below 1MHz. From that we conclude, that for these frequencies only attenuation can be neglected in our inversion. We also compare the results from our full-waveform modeling method with results obtained after commonly made approximations such as Born, ray-based and paraxial approximations. We observe from the presented numerical results that with each approximation important phenomena normally present in the full-wave data are absent. For this reason, we recommend to use a full-wave modeling method to compute synthetic measurement data.ImPhys/Medical Imagin
Assessment of Approaches of Otorhinolaryngologists in Facial Plastic and Nasal Surgery: A Survey Study
No full textObjective: To assess approaches and experiences of otorhinolaryngologists in facial plastic and nasal surgery. Methods: In total, 234 surgeons (191 males and 43 females; average age, 37.22 +/- 8.4 years; age range, 26-63 years) were included. All participants were given a questionnaire comprising 22 multiple choice and closed-ended questions. All responses to the questionnaires were analyzed. Results: Of 234 participants, 42 (17.9%) were residents and 192 (82.1%) were specialists in otorhinolaryngology. The most challenging cases in rhinoplasty were crooked nose (33.8%), ideal nasal dorsum (18.8%), revision cases (13.2%), and skin deformities (11.1%). The photodocumentation rate by surgeons before and after procedures of facial plastic surgery was 86.3%, whereas the intraoperative photodocumentation rate by surgeons was 47%. The most common facial plastic surgery procedures other than rhinoplasty were otoplasty (68.4%), filler-Botox-fat injections (20.5%), and mentoplasty (18.4%). Conclusion: This survey study is quite important because it assesses approaches of otorhinolaryngologists in facial plastic surgery. Although this study provides more valuable data for determining the current status, further studies with larger number of surgeons are required
Multi-parameter inversion with the aid of particle velocity field reconstruction
No full textMulti-parameter inversion for medical ultrasound leads to an improved tissue classification. In general, simultaneous reconstruction of volume density of mass and compressibility would require knowledge of the particle velocity field along with the pressure field. However, in practice the particle velocity field is not measured. Here, the authors propose a method for multi-parameter inversion where the particle velocity field is reconstructed from the measured pressure field. To this end, the measured pressure field is described using outward propagating Hankel functions. For a synthetic setup, it is shown that the reconstructed particle velocity field matches the forward modelled particle velocity field. Next, the reconstructed particle velocity field is used together with the synthetically measured pressure field to reconstruct density and compressibility profiles with the aid of contrast source inversion. Finally, comparing the reconstructed speed of sound profiles obtained via single-parameter versus multi-parameter inversion shows that multi-parameter outperforms single-parameter inversion with respect to accuracy and stability. Accepted Author ManuscriptImPhys/Medical Imagin
The clinical success of different root canal treatments in primary molars
No full textObjectives: To examine the success rate of root canal treatment in primary molars with the use two different root canal instrumentation ways, irrigation solutions and root canal sealers. Materials and Methods: Root canal treatment was applied to 120 second primary molars of 69 children between 5-8 years old. The teeth were divided in 8 groups randomly according to instrumentation ways [conventional stainless-steel hand files / Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary files], irrigation solutions [0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 0.9% saline solution combination / 0.4% chlorhehexidine (CHX)] and root canal sealers [Zinc oxide eugenol cement (ZOE) and Apexit Plus (AP)]. All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. The teeth were followed 12 months both clinically and radiographically. All data was analyzed statistically by χ2 and Wilcoxon test. Results: Statistical significance were found according to “age” and “root canal sealers” factors on success rate of root canal treatment (p<0.05). No statistical significance were found according to gender, jaw, tooth type, root canal instrumentation ways and irrigation solutions on success rate of root canal treatment (p>0.05). The clinically and radiographically success rate of ZOE and AP were 98.3% and 68.3%, respectively. Conclusions: Root canal treatment is a successful treatment in primary molars. Ni-Ti rotary files and CHX can be a good alternative for root canal treatment in primary molars. The most effective factor to obtain clinical success of root canal treatment is properties of using root canal sealer
Validation of the Optimality Index‐US for Use in Turkey to Assess Maternity Care
No full textPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113699/1/jmwh12115.pd
Delft Breast Ultrasound: The development of a water-cup ultrasound breast scanning system
No full textBreast cancer is impacting over 1.5 million women each year. Early detection is essential in decreasing the mortality rate. Mammography is currently the golden standard for breast screening. However, this method is not ideal and water-bath ultrasound breast scanning is considered to be a promising screening modality. This type of scanning system is able to obtain ultrasound reflection and transmission data. In this study, a water-cup breast scanning setup is built. The setup consists of a plastic cup with four acoustic windows and four phased array ultrasound probes. The water-cup is used to execute a phantom study. The phantom study gives insight into the operability of the built water-cup. The differences between reflection and transmission data are observed and utilised. One imaging algorithm and two inversion algorithms are employed to reconstruct an image of the phantom. The images of the different algorithms are compared.Furthermore, a method is proposed that reduces the computation time of a reflection data based Born inversion algorithm. In the end, the water-cup is used to image an ex-vivo human breast. Finally, the limitations of the built water-cup are stated. In addition to manufacturing the water-cup, a pulse-echo-scan of an ex-vivo human breast is made. This pulse-echo-scan is compared with the cross-sectional photograph of the breast. Due to the pudding-like structure of the breast, it is challenging to make a cross-section at the same position as the pulse-echo-scan is made. The pulse-echo-scan is made at the Pathology Department of the Erasmus MC. The ex-vivo human breast study helps to understand what structures are present in the breast. This knowledge can be used to build a new measurement setup and optimize the imaging algorithms for finding tumours.Delft Breast Ultrasoun
Breast Ultrasound: A comparison of different image reconstruction techniques
No full textBreast cancer is the most occurring cancer among women. Detecting it at an early stage enables to significantly reduce the mortality rate. Mammography is the golden standard technique used for screening but it has some disadvantages, among which the difficulty to scan women with dense breasts. Ultrasound is a promising technique enabling a cheap and fast diagnosis. More precisely, waveform inversion reconstructs the 3D speed of sound distribution within the breast, enabling an easier differentiation between healthy and non-healthy tissues.In this work, two inversion methods are investigated, namely Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) and Born inversion. Born inversion is a non-linear waveform inversion method aiming at solving an integral equation. To increase its performance while keeping the computation time constant, the frequencies used for the reconstruction are chosen randomly over a given bandwidth for each source receiver combination, at the expense of an additional noise in the reconstruction. The sparsity of the reconstruction in the waveletdomain has been utilized to implement two new regularization methods aiming at reducing this noise. To test and validate the three algorithms (namely ART and Born Inversion with the two regularization methods), a phantom study has been performed with both synthetic and real data. The phantom, made out of agar, isplaced in a square water tank in the centre of a measurement setup designed during this study, allowing to scan the phantom from its four sides.The results of the methods are presented and discussed. ART does not perform well with real data as the assumption on which it relies is not satisfied at the frequencies used in this study. Born inversion is presented with transmission and reflection data, as well as a combination of the two. With synthetic data, both reflections and transmissions give very satisfying results with the help of the regularization. With real data the phantom is correctly imaged by the reflections but the transmissions do not perform well enough to give an accurate speed of sound map.The knowledge gathered in this work can help building a better measurement setup, with a phantom closer to the breast geometry and internal structure, with which the reconstruction techniques could be tested and further improved
Redatuming of 2-D Wavefields Measured on an Arbitrary-Shaped Closed Aperture
No full textWhole breast ultrasound scanning systems are used to screen a women’s breast for suspicious lesions. Typically, the transducers are located at fixed positions at relatively large distances from the breast to avoid any contact with the breast. Unfortunately, these large distances give rise to large spatial domains to be imaged. These large domains hamper the applicability of imaging by inversion. To reduce the size of the spatial computational domain, we present a two-dimensional redatuming method based on Hankel decomposition of the measured field. With this method, the field measured over an arbitrary-shaped closed curve can be redatumed to a new curve enclosing a smaller spatial domain. Additional advantages of the proposed method are that it allows to account for the finite size and orientation of a transducer and that it is robust to noise. The proposed method is successfully validated using synthetic and measured data and the results show that the recorded field can be redatumed to any position in the embedding.Accepted Author ManuscriptImPhys/Medical Imagin
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