107 research outputs found
Time-resolved in-situ analysis of densification of nano-boron carbide under superimposed electric and thermal fields with energy dispersive x-ray diffraction
No full textBoron carbide (B4C) is characterized by high melting temperature, high hardness, and low density. Such exceptional properties make B4C is an important covalent solid which is considered the foremost material of choice for high-technology applications. However, low diffusivity caused by the highly directional and stiff character of the covalent bond makes the thermally activated sintering of B4C difficult. Highly covalent bonded ceramics are sintered with hot pressing and spark plasma sintering (SPS) to achieve high densities. However, these two techniques are limited to simple shape components and costly, involving expensive equipment. Pressureless sintering of B4C is desired to avoid expensive die designs and post sintering diamond machining, but very high sintering temperatures close to melting point is necessary to obtain high densities. Recently introduced flash sintering technique is a low voltage two electrode method which enhances the densification of ceramics. The sintering time and temperature can be reduced substantially with flash sintering that provide essential energy savings. In this study, the feasibility of flash sintering of nanoparticulate boron carbide is investigated. Firstly, we analyze the thermal expansion of boron carbide under different constant electric field strength to obtain fundamental data to provide insight into understanding of flash sintering. The electric field strength has an effect on the non-linear thermal expansion coefficients of B4C, and expansion becomes more non-linear with the increase of applied e-field. Secondly, the variety of non-isothermal and isothermal flash sintering experiments have been performed to achieve densification of B4C. By using low voltage, densities up to 95% of the theoretical density have been accomplished at temperatures as low as 711oC and short times on the order of few minutes. The very low process densification temperatures and time clearly indicate that mass transport in this nanoparticulate system under the action of both thermal and electrical fields are of an electrochemical origin. The implementation of ultrahigh energy EDXRD method in flash sintering of B4C enables us to monitor the evolution of nanoparticulate matter at the unit cell scale that is otherwise not possible with conventional Bragg-Brentano-method. EDXRD analysis reveals the transient anomalous unit cell expansion which is consistent with the flash sintering phenomena, and we demonstrate that flash sintering of B4C is possible with help of new coupling mechanism called the galvanomechanical effect. Moreover, we investigate the effect of different flash sintering conditions on densification of B4C.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Hulya Bice
Comparison the effects of using different organic acids on gelatin extracted from cultured sea bream (Sparus aurata) scales
No full textIn the current study two different types of organic acids were used in gelatin extraction. The scales of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were used as a source of gelatin. Also the effects on quality and gelling properties of used organic acids were investigated. Due to the determined gel strength values, high quality gelatins were produced in both groups with good functional properties. Total yield of the obtained products was found to be 31.10% (acetic acid), and 31.19% (propionic acid). According to the results, scale gelatin recovered by using acetic acid was found more suitable for industry with its 8.9 degrees C gelling point. Foam formation ability of acetic acid group was determined as 2.8 where the value of propionic was 3.0. Organic acids difference did not effect the colour of the product, both groups determined colourless and transparent. Result of the study showed that recovered collogen from gilthead sea bream scales have the potential to be an alternative source of gelatin with the determined functional properties.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [112O952]; Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitEge University [2012-SUF-021]This study was supported and funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Project No. 112O952 and supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No. 2012-SUF-021). Used data are taken from the Msc Thesis project of the author Hulya (Sargin) Kalkan
The comparison of for different erbium doped fibers and erbium doped fiber amplifier configurations
No full textPain, physical performance and balance in the elderly at hospital
No full textThis study was aimed to determine the pain, physical performance and balance conditions of the elderly hospitalized in university hospital geriatric wards. The reasons for hospitalization and co-morbid diseases were recorded. Severity of pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale. Activity independence ability was tested by physical performance test (PPT). Tinetti balance and gait evaluation scale (GES) were used to assess balance. Fifty patients (54%) had reported any kind of pain. Mean score for PPT was 13.32 +/- 6.56 and for Tinetti test was 9.76 +/- 3.8. The correlation between pain, physical performance and balance for 93 patients, 65 years and above was analyzed and not found statistically significant. We believe that pain can affect physical performance and balance. Therefore, it should be carefully evaluated in every elderly patient. Further studies are necessary to investigate the relationship between pain, physical performance and balance of elderly hospitalized patients. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
How Have Occupational Therapy Services Been Delivered During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
No full textThe provision of traditional healthcare services has encountered obstacles due to the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The inability of healthcare professionals and clients to survive the pandemic and the inadequacy of personal protective equipment have created uncertainties regarding the appropriate practices for addressing individuals\u27 health conditions. Furthermore, the field of rehabilitation, including occupational therapy, has experienced changes in the delivery of traditional practices. Therefore, this review aimed to examine occupational therapy services delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the literature review, the most commonly provided services by occupational therapists during COVID-19 were discussed and a total of 87 references were accessed. These services were grouped under the headings of acute/intensive care unit, post-COVID-19, telerehabilitation, preventive mental health, school-based occupational therapy, occupational therapy education, and ergonomics. It was seen that occupational therapists had several challenges during the pandemic. They had to adapt their interventions according to the new conditions and so they have frequently used technology. It is crucial for the effectiveness of the rehabilitation that occupational therapy services continue in challenging and unexpected situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to strengthen future occupational therapy practices based on standards through collaboration among occupational therapists. It is believed that this review will shed light on the role and importance of occupational therapy during the challenging COVID-19 pandemic
Burnout and Professional Development: A Study of Lithuanian Physiotherapists
No full textBackground. Physiotherapists’ qualifications involve treatment, responsibility, and communication, putting them at risk of burnout. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout in Lithuanian physiotherapists and its impact on their professional development.
Methods. A total of 133 physiotherapists working both in the public and private sectors completed an anonymous survey between January and March 2024 through an online form linked to www.apklausa.lt. Burnout syndrome was measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Socio-demographics and questions related to professional development were utilized.
Results. Total CBI score was 54.92 (moderate burnout). The overall prevalence of physiotherapists reporting moderate burnout was 50.4% (n=67). Thirteen (9.8%) physiotherapists reported high levels and none had severe burnout. Respondents engaged in relevant scientific literature reading (50.8%) and felt confident in solving patients’ problems (64.4%), focused on enhancing general skills (45.5%), and strongly agreed that physiotherapy seminars contribute to knowledge improvement (51.9%). There was a negative correlation (r = -0.26, p < 0.05), indicating a significant inverse relationship between burnout and professional development.
Conclusions. Lithuanian physiotherapists in our study group experience moderate level burnout syndrome. Despite this, they maintain a positive or neutral attitude towards professional development, actively engage in skill improvement activities, and effectively solve patients’ problems.
Keywords: burnout syndrome; Copenhagen Burnout Inventory; physiotherapist; professional development
Effect of multipurposeful activity training at home and in the rest home on geriatric depression
No full textPurpose: This study was planned with the aim of showing the effect of multi purposeful activity training on depression in the elderly who live at home and in the rest home. Material and methods: 34 elderly subjects staying in a rest home and 33 elderly subjects living at home aged 60 years and above participated in the study. Before and after activity training for testing depression, Yesavage's 30 point geriatric depression scale was used. Multi purposeful activities such as hand activities, locomotor activities and cognitive activities were performed two days a week for twelve weeks; each section lasted forty five minutes. The effects of group activity training in the rest home and individual training at home given according to the activity choices of the elderly and needs on depression were compared by appropriate statistical methods. Results: There were no differences in depression between first assessments of rest home and home group; this showed that the study was performed on two homogeneous groups (p>0.05). After activity training, decrease of depression in both groups was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that amplifying activity variety, making the elderly desire the activity and creating possibilities for them to participate into activities regularly and continuously are topics which must be studied to decrease their depression
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