97,393 research outputs found
Xi yuan lu xiang yi: si juan, juan shou. v.1
No full text許槤編校.綫裝.框18.9x13.8公分, 分上下欄, 上欄註解18行14字, 下欄原文9行14字. 白口, 左右雙邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名, 中鐫卷次, 小題, 下鐫葉次. 眉端刻評.書名頁署"洗冤錄詳義, 光緖丙子秋九月泉唐葛氏嘯園開雕, 上虞徐三庚署".前有光緖二年[1876]葛元煦序, 言重刻此書事.卷四末刻"嘯園藏板", "上海新北門內謝潤卿鐫字"With: 洗冤錄摭遺 : 二卷 / 葛元煦.鈐"承業堂藏書印", "長□彭氏", "莊兆祥印"Xian zhuang.Kuang 18.9 x 13.8 gong fen, fen shang xia lan, shang lan zhu jie 18 hang 14 zi, xia lan yuan wen 9 hang 14 zi. Bai kou, zuo you shuang bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan juan ci, xiao ti, xia juan ye ci. Mei duan ke ping.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Xu Lian bian jiao.With: Xi yuan lu zhi yi : er juan / Ge Yuanxu.Qian "Cheng ye tang cang shu yin", "Chang [...] Peng shi", "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin
Xi yuan lu zhi yi: [er juan]. v.5
No full text葛元煦撰.綫裝.框18.9x13.8公分, 9行25字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 左右雙邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名, 中鐫卷次, 小題, 下鐫葉次.分上, 下卷.書名頁署"洗冤錄摭遺, 光緒丙子秋金罍署眉".前有光緖二年[1876]葛元煦序, 言刻書事.末刻"嘯園藏板"及"上洋新北門内謝潤卿鐫字".With: 洗冤錄詳義 : 四卷 / 許槤編校.鈐"莊兆祥印"朱, 白文各一方.Xian zhuang.Kuang 18.9 x 13.8 gong fen, 9 hang 25 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, zuo you shuang bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan juan ci, xiao ti, xia juan ye ci.Fen shang, xia juan.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Ge Yuanxu zhuan.With: Xi yuan lu xiang yi : si juan / Xu Lian bian jiao.Qian "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin" zhu, bai wen ge yi fang
Xenasmatella Liu & Yuan 2022
No full textKey to the nine species of Xenasmatella known from China. The new species is in bold. 1. Tissues turning dark red or purplish in KOH.......................................................................................................................... X. vaga 1. Tissues unchanged in KOH................................................................................................................................................................2 2. Rhizomorphs present................................................................................................................................................... X. rhizomorpha 2. Rhizomorphs absent...........................................................................................................................................................................3 3. Basidia often bifurcate at base.......................................................................................................................................... X. insperata 3. Basidia not bifurcate at base...............................................................................................................................................................4 4. Basidiomata less than 100 μm thick..................................................................................................................................................5 4. Basidiomata more than 100 μm thick.................................................................................................................................................6 5. Basidiospores 3.3–4 μm wide; crystals present among hyphae.............................................................................. X. roseobubalina 5. Basidiospores 2.3–3.4 μm wide; crystals absent.................................................................................................................... X. tenuis 6. Generative hyphae slightly thick-walled..................................................................................................................... X. xinpingensis 6. Generative hyphae thin-walled...........................................................................................................................................................7 7. Generative hyphae unbranched........................................................................................................................... X. wuliangshanensis 7. Generative hyphae branched..............................................................................................................................................................8 8. Generative hyphae 1.5–2.5 μm in diameter; basidiospores 4–5 × 3.5–4.5 μm....................................................... X. ailaoshanensis 8. Generative hyphae 2.5–6 μm in diameter; basidiospores 3.3–4.4 × 2.8–4 μm............................................................... X. gossypinaPublished as part of Liu, Zhan-Bo & Yuan, Yuan, 2022, A new species of Xenasmatella (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from southern China, pp. 185-192 in Phytotaxa 556 (2) on page 190, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.556.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/696603
Traces and shards of self-injury: Strange accounting with “Author X”
No full textIn this strange account autoethnography, three or four authors explore their lived experiences with self-injury. Strange accounting is both a post-modern style of text, and a method for keeping identities concealed when risks and secrets are in play. Author X, a post-modern place-keeper for an anonymous author who may or may not have contributed to this manuscript, introduces a new dimension and layer of concealment. With Author X in-play and under erasure, the reader will never be sure if there were three or four authors on this manuscript. Through strange accounting, a post-structuralist/postmodernist frame will be applied to understanding the self-injury experience. We frame self-injury as a social practice and, for some, an everyday norm, while remaining acutely aware of the stigma surrounding the topic of self-injury. Each of us, coupled with Author X, provide the others cover to trace stories of self-injury through the literature, our flesh, and our lives
Yuan Real Exchange Rate Undervaluation, 1997-2006. How Much, How Often? Not Much, Not Often
No full textYuan real effective exchange rate misalignment is esitimated in a behavioral equilibrium exchange rate (BEER) model for the period 1997 to third quarter 2007. Using the Beveridge-Nelson decomposition a vector error correction model (VECM) of the exchange rate as a function of macroeconomic fundamentals, including government expenditures, economic openness, the balance of trade surplus, and net foreign assets, is estimated. We find that the Chinese Yuan has been fluctuating moderately around its long run equilibrium value with undervaluation up to 4% and overvaluation up to 6% at various points in time since 1997. This result is consistent with findings of many of the most recent studies employing alternative econometric methodologies to determine the equilibrium exchange rate. While the Yuan real effective exchange rate has deviated from equilibrium, and it is sticky, taking over five years to correct 50% of the short run misalignment, it does not appear to have been consistently undervalued as has been widely argued.Chinese Yuan, Exchange Rate, Misalignment, BEER, Behavioral, Cointegration, ARIMA, VECM, FGLS.
The tale of Lady Tan: negotiating place between Central and local in Song-Yuan-Ming China
No full textThis paper explores the story of Lady Tan across genres from biographical record to temple inscription and marvellous tale, highlighting different representations of ‘the local’ in these stories: the loss of local belonging for some, inscribing the morals of a local community for others. Focusing on this tale, this essay argues that locality and belonging were contested constructs, especially during the Song-Yuan-Ming transitional period. Ex-ploring how literati understood themselves in relation to their localities contributes to our understanding of literati identities and the meaning of ‘the local’, in a period with ‘weak central government’, or as a repeating pattern of centralisation and localisation. It reveals the complexities in-volved in giving meaning to locality and negotiating belonging. In Ji'an prefecture, the centralising policies of the Hongwu and Yongle emperors were felt locally and affected how literati positioned themselves between central government and local community. This focus on literati writings from a single prefecture suggests that a close reading of the negotiations that form part of constructing locality and belonging in Ji'an can reveal the potential for a complex interplay between central government and local communities throughout China
Yuan cao tang shi yu: [3 juan].
No full text鳳林書院, [伍崇曜]輯.Date from preface.框13.1 x 9.1 cm., 9行21字, 黑口, 左右雙邊, 無魚尾, 版心中鐫分冊書名, 下鐫叢書名.Feng lin shu yuan ; [Wu Chongyao ji]Kuang 13.1 x 9.1 cm., 9 xing 21 zi, hei kou, zuo you shuang bian, wu yu wei, ban xin zhong juan fen ce shu ming, xia juan cong shu ming
Sea surface salinity and the ocean structure in the tropical Indian Ocean
No full textThe variability of the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) is crucial to the global water cycle and heat transportation. At the seasonal time scale, the variability of the TIO is closely related to the monsoon circulation. Interannually, on the one hand, it is influenced remotely by the variability of the Pacific Ocean through atmospheric bridge and Rossby wave. On the other hand, the variability of TIO is independent of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and varies as a dipole pattern along the equator, known as the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). In addition, the unique distribution of the TIO with shallower thermocline in the west, due to the unstable easterlies along the equator, makes the variability of the TIO differ from that in the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean with deeper thermocline in the west. However, the TIO variability is still hard to precisely predict and the difficulty is well acknowledged nowadays.
To this end, the main aim of this dissertation is to better understand the seasonal and interannual variability of the TIO. Specifically, the first objective is to distinguish the relative impacts of heat flux and wind stress on the interannual variability of upper-ocean temperature in the TIO. The second objective focuses on studying the relationships among the parameters in the mixed layer and thermocline with the barrier layer thickness (BLT) in the TIO. The last objective of this dissertation is to investigate the role of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the onset of South Asian Summer Monsoon (SASM). To achieve this aim, the observation datasets including float and satellite data, reanalysis data, and simulations from a high-resolution model, are employed.
In Chapter 2, we compared the ocean general circulation model (OGCM) hindcast with the reanalysis and observation data and found that they were consistent in the simulation of the climatological mean and interannual variability of the upper-ocean temperature vertical structure in the TIO. Therefore, OGCM was adopted in this study to study the variability of the TIO. Two sensitivity simulations were designed to study the relative contribution of heat flux and wind stress to the variability of TIO: one was set with only heat flux varying interannually, and another one assumed only wind stress varying interannually. The results show that the impacts of heat flux and wind stress on the interannual variability of ocean temperature in the TIO have a depth-dependent feature. Specifically, heat flux mainly dominates the interannual variability of ocean temperature above the depth of approximately 30 m in the TIO, while wind stress contributes most to the interannual variability of ocean temperature below the depth of 30 m. This depth-dependent feature has also been observed for sub-areas and different seasons in the TIO. Therefore, we define the depth where the dominant force switches from heat flux to wind stress in the TIO as the “crossing depth”. Shallower crossing depth indicates that heat flux only controls the interannual variability of ocean temperature near the surface while wind stress is the dominant driving force for the interannual temperature variability in the upper-ocean, such as the Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) and the eastern part of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IODE).
In chapter 3, we assessed the driving forces for the variability of the barrier layer thickness (BLT) in TIO. The barrier layer is defined as a thinner layer between the bottom of the mixed layer and the top of the thermocline. The BLT in the TIO has significant seasonal and interannual variabilities. The results of this study show that the sea surface temperature (SST) barely contributes to the variability of BLT but the main forcing on the BLT from the mixed layer can be explained by the variability of SSS. At the seasonal time scale, the dominating drivers of the BLT variability are different in the western and eastern TIO. In the western TIO, SSS exerts a negative correlation with the BLT variability during boreal autumn, winter, and spring while shows minimal impacts on the BLT variability in summer. In the eastern TIO, the thermocline is the dominant driver for the BLT variability, and it has positive correlations with BLT in all four seasons. At the interannual time scale, the variability of BLT in the TIO is affected by the IOD and ENSO events. Particularly, in the eastern TIO, thinner BLT could be detected mainly induced by the anomalous thermocline during the positive IOD and El Niño years. In the western TIO, deepening thermocline due to El Niño induced anomalous wind stress results in thicker BLT. But the correlation between BLT and El Niño does not become weaker with the weakening relationship between thermocline and El Niño. This is because of the variation of SSS.
In Chapter 4, we investigated the role of sea surface salinity anomalies (SSSAs) in the onset of the SASM. Positive SSSAs appears in the western TIO before the onset of SASM. This SSSAs has two maxima in the symmetry of the equator with one in the southern TIO and another one in the northern TIO. The location of the southern maxima corresponds to the SCTR. It is found that the SSSAs respond more sensitively to the change of the atmospheric circulation than sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs). The positive SSSAs in the SCTR, induced by the anomalous wind stress curl and associated with thinner BLT anomalies, provides a favorable environment for the decreasing SSTAs during spring. Meanwhile, this SSSAs-BLT-SSTAs process also develops in the SSSAs maxima of the northern TIO but happens later than that in the southern TIO. Therefore, this time-lag between the northern and southern TIO strengthened the north-to-south SST gradient, which in turn, promotes the northward crossing current for the onset of SASM.
To conclude, this Ph.D. research primarily investigates the variability of the TIO by distinguishing the main driver of the interannual upper-ocean temperature variability, studying the relationships between SSS and thermocline with BLT at seasonal and interannual scales and discovering the role of SSS in the onset of SASM. However, more efforts are highly demanded in the near future to investigate more sophisticated air-sea interaction mechanism within the TIO. For example, the theory of crossing depth is only adapted in the area of (15°S-20°N). Thus, how to distinguish the relative impacts of heat flux and wind stress on the upper-ocean variability in the area to the south of 15°S is still to be unraveled. In addition, the role of SSS in the interannual variability of the TIO needs more precise datasets to investigate and the numerical modeling with more sophisticated air-sea interactions should be taken into consideration
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