99 research outputs found
Editorial for special issue on neurodynamics
No full text“Neurodynamics” is an interdisciplinary area of mathematics where dynamical systems theory (deterministic and stochastic) is the primary tool for elucidating the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the behaviour of neural systems (whether biological or synthetic). A meeting on this topic was held at the International Centre for Mathematical Sciences in Edinburgh from March 5–7 in 2012. In this special issue, we have invited seven of the main contributors to this event to expand on their presentations and highlight the use of mathematics in understanding the dynamics of neural systems
The lexicalisation of a Middle English binominal
No full textThis study investigates the origin and diffusion of a binominal construction nith and onde ‘spite and hate’ in Middle English, by using A Linguistic Atlas of Early Middle English as the main source. It argues that nith and onde is also used as a lexicalised unit to refer to ‘the deadly sin of envy’. Its development towards greater fixedness, or freezing, and the lexicalisation of the meaning ‘envy’ are seen as part of a broader historical process, generated by the thirteenth-century ecclesiastical reforms. The author examines the semantic field ENVY, JEALOUSY in general, which, apart from the binominal, also includes nith and onde as individual words, as well as æfest and envie, and establishes their collocates, frequencies, and distributions across regions and subperiods of Early Middle English. It emerges that the binominal had a strong association with the West Midlands, and that around 1225 it was beginning to lexicalise as the equivalent for Latin invidia and French envie. The availability of the latter from around 1300, however, challenged this situation, and the English set phrase was gradually ousted into the periphery of the lexical field, while envie became established as the core term
Vasily Dokuchaev (to the 175-th anniversary)
No full textThe idea of this paper is to highlight the scale of Dokuchaev's personality through the prism of readers' perception and comparison of the scientist's achievements, timed to certain milestones in his life, with their own successes. Dokuchaev's biography, filtered through his own life experience, provides a better understanding of the magnitude of the first soil scientist, and a respect for his significant scientific heritage. The work will give an insight into the extensive and varied activities of the pioneer in the comprehensive study of soils and the environment
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF GALECTIN-3 LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES
No full textCurrently, a greater emphasis is placed on the search for additional biomarkers of chronic heart failure (CHF). Galectin-3, a marker of fibrosis and inflammation, has shown himself as a biomarker of CHF in many studies, but the dynamics of its levels in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is not well-studied.Aim. To identify diagnostic significance of galectin-3 plasma level evaluation and its correlations with echocardiographic criteria for patients with CHF and DM type 2.Material and methods. The study included 33 patients with ischemic CHF (all patients had a history of myocardial infarction) and DM type 2. The patients were divided into two groups according to the left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (EF): a group with CHF and preserved ejection fraction (PEF) (EF≥50%) and with CHF and reduced ejection fraction (EF<50%). Patients underwent clinical laboratory tests and Doppler echocardiography; moreover, the levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and galeсtin-3 were measured.Results. The mean level of galectin-3 in blood plasma in the group with CHF and PEF was significantly higher than in the group with CHF and reduced EF (p=0.007). In the group with CHF and PEF a positive correlation between the level of galectin-3 and diastolic LV function E/E' was found (r=0.620, p=0.01). A significant correlation between galectin-3 level and LV systolic function was stated in the group with reduced EF (r=0.53; p<0.05), while in the group with PEF, the correlation was not significant (p=0.225). In the group of patients with reduced EF a negative correlation between galectin-3 and the volume of left atrium was revealed (r=-0.53; p<0.05).Conclusion. Galectin-3 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker primarily in patients with CHF and PEF
Problems and Tools for the Detection of Threats to Personnel Security in the Region
No full textThe study of threats negatively affecting the state and development of human resources as well as the types of security threats is of particular importance in the theory and practice of ensuring personnel security. The aim of this article is the identification and clssification of the concepts of the main threats to personnel security in the region (the study is carried on the example of the Irkutsk region). On the basis of the content analysis of the Russian regulatory legal acts and scientific publications, the authors have identifed external and internal threats to personnel security in the region. As a result of the study, a list of threats to personnel security in the region, which consists of 37 items, is composed. The political, economic, demographic, social, technical, technological, ecological, legal, and ethnocultural types are demonstrated. It is found that internal threats to personnel security ( first of all, social and economic ones) dominate in the region. The urgency and importance of threats to personnel security in the region are assessed. The hierarchical factor analysis is used to identify types of threats (lower level factors) and to estimate their effect on the general level of the urgency of threats to personnel security (upper-level factor). It is found that legal threats and threats caused by the low labor potential of the region make the most significant effect. The following methods are used: content analysis, analysis of frequency tables and contingency tables, hierarchical factor and correlation analyses. The analysis is based on the materials of the expert survey conducted in the Irkutsk region (2015). In order to determine the correlation (coherence) of the experts’ assessments, the Kendall’s coeficient of concordance is calculated. The obtained results can be used for the study and identification of threats to personnel security, which are typical for a certain region, they can serve as a basis for the prediction and analysis of threats to personnel security in the region, as well as for the elaboration of countermeasures.This research has been supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation as part of the state task № 2014/52 (project No 1841 "The increasing of the Baikal region's resource potential as a factor of its sustainable socio-economic development")
Ibrutinib in the Treatment of Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
No full textAim. To estimate ibrutinib efficacy in the treatment of first early CLL relapses and in patients with ≥ 2 lines of preceding therapy. Analysis of treatment results in patients with del(17p) and monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) and ibrutinib safety profile.
Materials & Methods. The analysis included the results of ibrutinib treatment in 31 patients with CLL. Twenty eight patients were treated by bendamustine and fludarabine containing regimens. The median prior treatment lines were 2 (range 1–10). The indications for the treatment initiation were the first early relapse in 51 % of cases (n = 16) and a relapse after 2 and more lines of therapy in 49 % of cases (n = 15). Ibrutinib was administered in mono- (n = 15) and combined therapy (n = 14) as well as in the R-BAC scheme (n = 2). Using FISH analysis del(17p) was found in 9 patients (34 %).
Results. Within the median follow up of 18 months (range 7–42+) the overall survival (OS) rate was reported to be 87 %, and the progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 77 %. The maximum MRD after a year of ibrutinib treatment was observed in case of combination with immunochemotherapy (e.g., R-BAC). Within the period of 18 months OS rate was 100 %, in the patient group with first early relapses and 66 % in the group with a relapse after 2 and more therapy lines (p = 0.02). Within the same examination period PFS was significantly higher (94 %) in the patient group with first early relapses compared to the previously treated patients (60 %) (p = 0.034). The most common adverse events were grade 1–2 purpura (30 %), grade 1–2 diarrhea (10 %), atrial fibrillation paroxysms (10 %) and arterial hypertension (10 %). Severe infectious complications registered in 6 % (n = 3) patients were successfully solved in the course of combined antibacterial and antimycotic treatment.
Conclusion. Ibrutinib was shown to be effective drug for treatment of relapsed CLL. The OS and PFS values were more favourable in patients with first early relapses compared to the patients with relapses after ≥ 2 lines of therapy prior to ibrutinib treatment. The maximum elimination of the tumor clone was observed after combined ibrutinib/immunochemotherapy treatment. The tolerance of ibrutinib was reported to be satisfactory with acceptable toxicity profile. No mortality due to infection complications was observed
Characters’ nomination according to external features in Ilf and Petrov’s “12 chairs”
No full textThe paper presents the analysis of nomination according to the external features of the characters in the novel “The Twelve Chairs” by I. Ilf and Eu. Petrov. The characters’ nomination is understood as the main part of the anthroponymic system of the novel. The system of nominations denoting a person according to different aspects is viewed as a complex of multiple levels including several subsystems or semantic unities. One of them is a unity of nominations denoting characters according to their external features. Due to their semantic meaning the units can be divided into two groups: units denoting a person according to permanent physical characteristics (such as age, sex, appearance) and units denoting a person according to situational physiological state or condition. The nominations in question serve to present a vivid description of personages and to express the esthetic impression based on the analysis of physical, physiological and anthropological qualities and states visually perceived by the author of nomination. The article will also touch upon the ways the nominations are translated into English by native speaking translators
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INTRACARDIAC HEMODYNAMICS AND LUNG FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
No full textStudy objective. To assess the association between intracardiac hemodynamics and airway obstruction with pulmonary hyperinflation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Materials and methods. Ninety-six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aged 40 to 75 years, without concomitant cardiovascular disease, were examined and divided into 4 groups according to the severity of the disease. The patients underwent general clinical examination, spirometry, 24-hour pulse oximetry and echocardiography with assessment of linear and volumetric parameters, as well as diastolic function of left and right ventricles.Results. Linear and volumetric parameters of the left ventricle, LV myocardial mass and geometry in the examined patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease matched threshold values. The progression of the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was accompanied by decrease of the end-diastolic size of the left ventricle, ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity for the left ventricle (E/A) without significant changes in the left ventricle isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT). Moderate correlations of the inspiratory capacity with the end-diastolic size of the left ventricle (r=0.612; p=0.001) and the left ventricle E/A (r=0.464; p=0.001); forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) with the left ventricle E/A (r=0.600; p=0.011) were established. As a result of the logistic regression performed, the predictor value of the inspiratory capacity was confirmed (Wald χ2 — 5.795; р=0.024). Impairment of left ventricular diastolic function of grade I was revealed in 12 (31.6 %) patients in group 2, in 7 (24.1 %) patients in group 3, and in 9 (56.2 %) patients in group 4.Conclusion. Airway obstruction severity and pulmonary hyperinflation progression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and without concomitant cardiovascular disease is associated with a decrease of left ventricular size and diastolic filling, contributes to the development of the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, predominantly due to the decrease in filling velocity parameters
Synthesis, cyclopolymerization and cyclo-copolymerization of 9-(2-Diallylaminoethyl)adenine and Its Hydrochloride Salt
No full textWe report herein the synthesis and characterization of 9-(2- diallylaminoethyl) adenine. We evaluated two different synthetic routes starting with adenine where the optimal route was achieved through coupling of 9-(2-chloroethyl)adenine with diallylamine. The cyclopolymerization and cyclo-copolymerization of 9-(2-diallylaminoethyl)adenine hydrochloride salt resulted in low molecular weight oligomers in low yields. In contrast, 9-(2-diallylaminoethyl)adenine failed to cyclopolymerize, however, it formed a copolymer with SO 2 in relatively good yields. The molecular weights of the cyclopolymers were around 1,700-6,000 g-mol, as estimated by SEC. The cyclo-copolymer was stable up to 226 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a free-radical cyclo-copolymerization of a neutral alkyldiallylamine derivative with SO 2. These polymers represent a novel class of carbocyclic polynucleotides. © 2012 by the authors.Agrawal S, 1999, BBA-GENE STRUCT EXPR, V1489, P53, DOI 10.1016-S0167-4781(99)00141-4; Ai H, 2002, BIOMACROMOLECULES, V3, P560, DOI 10.1021-bm015659r; AKASHI M, 1977, MAKROMOL CHEM, V178, P353; Ali SA, 1998, J APPL POLYM SCI, V69, P1329, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1097-4628(19980815)69:71329::AID-APP73.0.CO;2-G; Ali SA, 2001, POLYMER, V42, P2785, DOI 10.1016-S0032-3861(00)00665-0; Al-Muallem HA, 2002, POLYMER, V43, P4285, DOI 10.1016-S0032-3861(02)00251-3; Armentrout RS, 2000, MACROMOLECULES, V33, P2944, DOI 10.1021-ma991531e; BUTLER GB, 1982, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V15, P370, DOI 10.1021-ar00083a005; Chen JC, 2003, J APPL POLYM SCI, V90, P1662, DOI 10.1002-app.12834; Gorbunova M, 2009, POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL, V20, P209, DOI 10.1002-pat.1253; Gorbunova M, 2009, INT J POLYM ANAL CH, V14, P575, DOI 10.1080-10236660903225445; Han MJ, 2000, ADV POLYM SCI, V153, P1; HARADA S, 1966, MAKROMOLEKUL CHEM, V90, P177; LITT M, 1960, J POLYM SCI, V45, P379, DOI 10.1002-pol.1960.1204514608; Miller KJ, 1998, PHARM SCI TECHNOL TO, V1, P377, DOI 10.1016-S1461-5347(98)00098-4; Hamma T, 1999, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V38, P15333, DOI 10.1021-bi991962p; MILLIGAN JF, 1993, J MED CHEM, V36, P1923, DOI 10.1021-jm00066a001; Odian G, 2004, PRINCIPLES POLYM, P144; OTTENBRITE RM, 1980, IND ENG CHEM PROD RD, V19, P528, DOI 10.1021-i360076a009; Pei RJ, 2001, BIOMACROMOLECULES, V2, P463, DOI 10.1021-bm0001289; PITHA J, 1968, J ORG CHEM, V33, P1341, DOI 10.1021-jo01268a006; Rullens F, 2006, CHEM MATER, V18, P3078, DOI 10.1021-cm060209x; Sawada H, 1997, J FLUORINE CHEM, V84, P141, DOI 10.1016-S0022-1139(97)00050-X; Schuller W.H., 1959, J CHEM ENG DATA, V4, P273, DOI 10.1021-je60003a021; Shatila RS, 2006, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V47, P1767, DOI 10.1016-j.tetlet.2006.01.035; SOLOMON DH, 1976, J MACROMOL SCI R M C, VC 15, P143; Timofeeva L.M., 2005, POLYM SCI SER A, V47, P273; Timofeeva LM, 2006, DOKL PHYS CHEM, V406, P53, DOI 10.1134-S0012501606020072; Timofeeva LM, 2009, BIOMACROMOLECULES, V10, P2976, DOI 10.1021-bm900435v; Tsai JY, 2003, J ORG CHEM, V68, P1235, DOI 10.1021-jo026379k; Tuzun NS, 2007, INT J QUANTUM CHEM, V107, P894, DOI 10.1002-qua.21227; Tuzun NS, 2003, J ORG CHEM, V68, P6369, DOI 10.1021-jo034033j; UEDA N, 1968, MAKROMOL CHEM, V120, P13; UHLMANN E, 1990, CHEM REV, V90, P543, DOI 10.1021-cr00102a001; Ustyuzhanin G.E., 1978, CHEM HETEROCYCL COMP, V14, P562, DOI 10.1007-BF00673345; Vasilieva YA, 2000, RUSS CHEM B+, V49, P431, DOI 10.1007-BF02494771; Vivekanandam TS, 2005, J APPL POLYM SCI, V98, P1548, DOI 10.1002-app.22073; Vivekanandam TS, 2000, EUR POLYM J, V36, P385, DOI 10.1016-S0014-3057(99)00071-3; Wang GJ, 1998, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V11, P305, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1099-1395(199805)11:5305::AID-POC83.0.CO;2-K; Weber W, 2004, J BIOTECHNOL, V114, P315, DOI 10.1016-j.jbiotec.2004.07.014; Zhou JL, 1997, SYNTHETIC COMMUN, V27, P3591, DOI 10.1080-003979197080070810
The emergence and development of deconstruction in costume design
No full textThe article deals with deconstructionism as a postmodern stylistic movement
during the second half of the 20th century, its embodiment in costume design, the
reasons for the emergence of the concept of deconstruction in fashion, its main
characteristics and attributes. Text analyses practices based on deconstruction, that
were to appeared in fashion of different periods and in the creative concepts of
designers during the period of the second half of the XX century and the beginning
of the XXI century. Their formative and style-forming role is being reflected in the
text. Particular attention is paid to an evolution of deconstruction as a creative
method in costume design, its relevance in modern fashio
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