249 research outputs found
The Evolution of Price Dispersion in China's Passenger Car Markets
No full textThis research identified the rising price dispersion of passenger cars in Chinese cities during the period from 2004 to 2006. The sources of the price differentials were then further explored. The theoretical and empirical analyses suggest that the income effect (as reflected by income differentials across Chinese cities) and the competition effect (as reflected by car supply differentials across Chinese cities) largely account for regional automobile price differentials across China.Business, FinanceEconomicsInternational RelationsSSCI0ARTICLE7,SI947-9653
Instrumentation for Functional Brain Monitoring with Intrinsic Optical Signals
No full textIntrinsic optical signals are widely used in functional brain imaging techniques for measuring hemodynamic parameters, such as oxygen saturation and blood volume. These parameters indicate brain metabolism and serve as an indirect measurement of neural activity. In this thesis, I describe two techniques for hemodynamic monitoring from freely-moving animals. The first technique is single fiber spectroscopy, which enables measurements from a highly-localized volume in deep brain structures. I describe the optical system design for measuring reflectance spectra, Monte Carlo simulations for estimating the sampling volume, phantom experiments for rating the accuracy of hemodynamic parameter quantification, and finally, animal experiments for evaluating system performance in in-vivo experiments. I demonstrate that the single fiber spectroscopic system is capable of measuring spontaneous and stimulus-evoked hemodynamic response through a small diameter multimode fiber from non-line-of-sight brain regions in anesthetized and freely-moving animals. The second system is a miniaturized intrinsic optical sensing system (MiniIOS), a cost-effective, integrated system for measurement from the brain surface. The thesis covers the design and characterization of two versions of MiniIOS, the development of an empirical model for extracting hemodynamic parameters from the measured reflectance, as well as system validation in optical phantoms and animal experiments. The final system has a dimension of 5.5 mm×4.7 mm×1.8 mm and weight of 0.12 g. The system can be powered with a battery and operated as a stand-alone device integrating light source, detector, power supply, data acquisition and storage. Phantom experiments showed that the system was sensitive to both changes in oxygen saturation and blood volume fraction. A pilot animal experiment showed the system can be mounted on the head of a mouse without affecting its movement
Notice of Retraction: Clinical Significance of VEGF,EGFR and BRCA-1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
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The Impact of Consumer Environmental Preferences on the Green Technological Innovation of Chinese Listed Companies
No full textUsing the data of companies from heavily polluting industries listed on China’s A-share stock market from 2011 to 2022, this paper empirically investigates the impact of consumer environmental preference on green technological innovation. The results indicate that consumer environmental preference significantly promotes the green innovation of firms from heavily polluting industries. Moreover, consumer environmental preference imposes a higher influence on strategic green innovation than substantive green innovation. The mechanism tests suggest that consumer environmental preference encourages green technological innovation by strengthening the environmental protection concept and increasing R&D investment. Finally, we find that rising consumer environmental preference has a more prominent effect on the promotion of green innovation for enterprises in regions with higher levels of marketization and lower government environmental regulation, larger enterprises, and private enterprises
Design of a single-fiber, wavelength-resolved system for monitoring deep tissue oxygenation
No full textEnvironmental Regulation and Fiscal Revenue Growth: Is It Win–Win or Win–Lose?—Evidence of a Multi-Tasking Performance Evaluation System in China
No full textBased on the samples of 207 prefecture-level cities in China from 2002 to 2010, this study uses the exogenous shock of China’s first incorporation of environmental regulations into the assessment of local officials as a quasi-natural experiment, and applies the continuous difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine the impact of environmental regulation assessment pressure on local fiscal revenue. We find that the target pressure of environmental regulations for local officials has contributed to the growth of local fiscal revenue, and for each 0.01 increase in the targets of pollution emission reduction, local fiscal revenue increases by 0.204%. This result demonstrates a strong robustness. Our mechanism analysis further confirms that local governments employ various strategies to alleviate the financial burden induced by environmental regulations. These strategies include (1) not only adopting the “grabbing hand” approach, which involves extracting fiscal revenues from the market by reducing the fixed asset investment of local governments and enhancing the collection of pollution fees from enterprises, (2) but also utilizing the “helping hand” approach to augment financial resources, such as improving tax administration efficiency by cracking down on profit under-reporting and income tax evasion among enterprises. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis suggests that the impact of environmental regulations on fiscal revenue is contingent upon the level of local fiscal self-sufficiency. This article offers empirical evidence to assist governments in devising effective environmental policies that aim to achieve a harmonious balance between economic growth and environmental protection
A miniaturized intrinsic optical sensing system (MiniIOS) for hemodynamic monitoring in freely-behaving rodents
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