591 research outputs found
Psammoecus labyrinthicus Yoshida and Hirowatari 2014
No full textPsammoecus labyrinthicus Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2014 (Fig. 1G) Psammoecus labyrinthicus Yoshida and Hirowatari, 2014: 29, figs 1E, 7, 14A-C. Type locality: Japan; Type examined. Specimens examined: TAIWAN: [Taoyuan City] 1 male, Pa Lon, 28-V-1989, K. Baba leg. (KUM). [Kaohsiung City] 2 males, Liu Kui (= Liouguei), 3-IV-1986, K. Baba leg. (EUMJ). Diagnosis: This species is closely similar to P. trimaculatus and P. triguttatus (see the diagnosis of P. trimaculatus and Yoshida and Hirawatari 2014). Distribution: Taiwan; Japan. Remarks: Yoshida and Hirowatari (2014) redescribed this species in detail with the male genital structure.Published as part of Yoshida 1, Takahiro, Karner, Michael & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2018, A Revision of Taiwanese Species in the Genus Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera, Silvanidae), pp. 1-18 in Zoological studies 57 (18) on page 13, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2018.57-18, http://zenodo.org/record/806433
FIGURE 3 in Larval and pupal morphology of three species of the genus Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Brontinae) in Japan with reference to the number of larval instars
No full textFIGURE 3. Psammoecus scitus Yoshida & Hirowatari, last instar. A, Head, dorsal view; B, right antenna, dorsal view; C, right mandible, ventral view; D, left mandible, ventral view; E, right maxilla, dorsal view; F, left foreleg, dorsal view; G, 8th and 10th abdominal segments, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cl—claw; fa—frontal arm; fe—femur; ma—mala; mo—molae; mp—maxillary palpus; pr—prostheca; se—sensorium; sp—stipes; st—stemmata; ti—tibiotarsus; tr—trochanter; 1a—1st antennomere; 2a—2nd antennomere; 3a—3rd antennomere; 8as—8th abdominal segment; 10as—10th abdominal segment. Scales: 0.1 mm; a for A, F and G; b for B; c for C–E.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2015, Larval and pupal morphology of three species of the genus Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Brontinae) in Japan with reference to the number of larval instars, pp. 90-102 in Zootaxa 3937 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3937.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23375
FIGURE 3 in A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula
No full textFIGURE 3. Mouth parts of Dentirotacorimus reticulatus sp. nov. A, Labrum, dorsal view; B, C, right mandible, ventral view (B) and dorsal view (C); D, right maxilla, dorsal view; E, labium, ventral view. Scale: 0.1 mm.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Hirowatari, Toshiya & Hashim, Rosli, 2017, A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula, pp. 365-374 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on page 370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/57010
Psammoecus scitus Yoshida & Hirowatari 2014
No full textPsammoecus scitus Yoshida & Hirowatari, 2014 [Japanese name: Yotsumon-semaru-hiratamushi] (Figs 1 A, B, 2 and 3) Identification. The examined larvae were collected with adults of P. scitus and there were no other adults of Psammoecus species. The identification was confirmed by rearing some of these larvae to adult stage. Last instar larva. Head capsule width: 0.59–0.67 mm (n= 8). Body (Figs 1 A, 2 A). Elongate. Head reddish-brown basally, frontal arm white, antennae blackish, bases and apices of 2 nd and 3 rd antennomeres white, 1 st somewhat lightened. Thorax and abdomen blackish-brown, darker toward posterior apex, lightened around lateral, anterior and posterior margins of each segment, 10 th abdominal segment reddish-brown, lighter toward apex. Head (Figs 2 A, 3 A–E). Transversely oblong. Frontal arms U-shaped (Fig. 3 A). Antennae elongate; 1 st antennomere stout; 2 nd antennomere less than three times longer than 1 st, maximum width near apex, sensorium around apex of inner margin comparatively long and thick; 3 rd antennomere less than three times longer than 1 st, very short fine seta on apex (Fig. 3 B). Mandibles triangular, with three closely spaced teeth on the apex of right mandible, with four closely spaced teeth on the apex of left mandible; a long triangular prostheca on inner margin of anterior 1 / 5, maximum width in basal half; molae on bases of inner margins with many small strong cuticular spines, base of inner margin of left mandible protruded with several fine cuticular spines (Fig. 3 C, D). Maxilla longitudinally oblong, stipes dorsally with many moderately dense small spines on middle, with four long teeth near apex on ventral, inner margin of mala with relatively thick and long setae in a longitudinal row, anterior three setae thick; maxillary palpus with three palpomeres, 1 st palpomere short, 2 nd about 2.5 times longer than 1 st, 3 rd about 1.5 times longer than 2 nd with several very small spines on apex (Fig. 3 E). Six stemmata on each side (Fig. 3 A). Thorax and abdomen (Figs 2 A, 3 G). Shape easily deformed according to posture. Prothorax subquadrate; meso-, metathorax and 1 st to 4 th and 8 th abdominal segments relatively wide, 5 th to 7 th subquadrate, 9 th absent, 10 th elongate, posterior angles of 8 th protruding a little. A pair of long fine lateral setae and some medium length setae on lateral segments, it on 1 st comparatively short. Legs elongate; trochanter quadrate, with a few medium length setae; femur with a long seta and a few short to medium length setae very sparsely; tibiotarsus thin, some medium length and many short moderately dense setae; claw a little more than 0.5 times as long as tibiotarsus, with two short setae (Fig. 3 F). Specimens examined. 8 exs. (including one slide-mounted). Pupa. Body length: 2.30–2.58 mm (n= 6). Body (Fig. 2 B, C). Moderately flattened. Surface white (immature) to yellowish-brown, antennae, anterior and lateral portions of pronotum, wing pads and lateral portions of abdomen somewhat darkened (Fig. 1 B). Thorax (Fig. 2 B, C). Prothorax transversely oval, dorsal surface enlarged, a pair of oblong pits on anterior portion gradually shallower toward posterior portion, lateral portions with furrows, shallow furrow along the posterior margin, a small tooth on each anterolateral margin, lateral margins with three large teeth, posterior angles protruding a little. Mesothorax transversely oblong, with furrow along anterior margin, shallow longitudinal furrow at the middle extending to 6 th tergite, posterior portions near bases of each wing pad depressed, with several longitudinal furrows on each basal wing pad. Metathorax comparatively longitudinally large, surface uneven, furrow on middle anterior portion comparatively deep. Abdomen (Fig. 2 B, C). First to 6 th abdominal segments transversely oblong, 7 th triangular, 8 th segment transverse, 9 th small; posterior angles of 3 rd to 6 th segments protruding a little, with several short teeth; anterior angles of 4 th to 7 th segments ventrally with sockets for teeth of immediately anterior segments (teeth of 3 rd and 6 th in Fig. 2 B fitting into sockets of segments immediately posterior). Large protuberance on each lateral portion of 2 nd to 7 th and 9 th segments; protuberance I on positioned posteriorly and triangular, II positioned mid-laterally, enlarged in apical half, apex pointed posterolaterally, III positioned anteriorly, II, IV and V similar in shape, positioned between anterior angles and mid-laterally, mostly enlarged, bases narrowed, apices pointed posterolaterally, VI positioned at anterior angles, mostly enlarged, apices pointed almost laterally, VII on bases of lateral portions, similar to shape of II and III. Eighth tergite with longitudinal ridge in the middle; middle of posterior margin and right posterolateral margin pointed. Ninth segment completely divided into tergite and sternite, sternite bilobed. Specimens examined. 6 exs. (including one slide-mounted). Biology. The larvae of this species were collected from dead leaves of Japanese pampas grass Miscanthus sinensis Andersson with their adults. In the laboratory, we observed that the pupae fixed their body by attaching the apex of abdomen to dead leaves in the petri dish. The posterior three abdominal segments were covered with the exuvium of last instar larva. In particular, the posterior two abdominal segments were tightly enveloped with the exuvium of 10 th abdominal segment (Fig. 1 B). Surface of immature pupa was mostly white.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2015, Larval and pupal morphology of three species of the genus Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Brontinae) in Japan with reference to the number of larval instars, pp. 90-102 in Zootaxa 3937 (1) on pages 92-94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3937.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23375
Fig. 3 in Discovery of the genus Airaphilus (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) in Japan, with a description of a potentially endangered new species
No full textFig. 3. Airaphilus abei sp. nov. A – SEM image of metathorax from which left elytron was removed; B – in detail. Scale: 0.1 mm.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Halstead, David G. H. & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2019, Discovery of the genus Airaphilus (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) in Japan, with a description of a potentially endangered new species, pp. 211-216 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (1) on page 214, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/450535
Dentirotacorimus
No full textKey to species of the genus Dentirotacorimus 1. Punctation on pronotal disc reticulate. Interstices of 2nd to 6th lateral pronotal teeth almost as wide as teeth. Flattened lateral margins of elytra distinctly narrowed towards base........................................... D. reticulatus sp. nov. - Pronotal disc smooth with small setiferous tubercles. Interstices of lateral pronotal teeth very narrow, teeth wide. Flattened lateral margins of elytra very slightly narrowed towards base........................................ D. zigzag sp. nov.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Hirowatari, Toshiya & Hashim, Rosli, 2017, A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula, pp. 365-374 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on page 373, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/57010
Dentirotacorimus zigzag Yoshida & Hirowatari, sp. nov.
No full textDentirotacorimus zigzag Yoshida & Hirowatari, sp. nov. (Figs 1 C,D, 4) Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from D. reticulatus by the diagnostic characters given in that species diagnosis. Body (Figs 1 C,D). Body length from anterior margin of clypeus to apex of elytra measured along the median line: 2.53 mm (n=1). Surface reddish brown; head and pronotum somewhat darkened; sides of elytra lighter. Head (Figs 1 C,D, 4A). Rounded, maximum width across eyes 0.53 mm (n=1); clypeal margin slightly reflexed; gena prominent, covering part of eye, not exceeding eye width. Eye small, protruding, directed anterolaterally, longer than combined lengths of antennomeres 3 and 4. Dorsal surface covered with short, thick and curved setae; ventrally with finer setae. Setiferous tubercles on dorsal surface relatively dense; ventral surface with punctation simple and sparser than dorsum. Antenna (Fig. 4 A) 0.66 mm (n=1), moderately thin; antennomere 10 about 2.5× as long as 9; covered with fine setae; approximate ratios of antennomere lengths of holotype as follows: 2.0: 1.5: 1.3: 1.1: 1.0: 1.0: 1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 2.7: 1.0. Thorax and abdomen (Figs 1 C,D, 4B–D). Pronotum trapezoidal, widest at base, wider than long, length along median line 0.60 mm (n=1), maximum width including lateral teeth 0.62 mm (n=1); six lateral teeth, rounded at apices; anterior angle (1st tooth) gradually widened distally, directed anterolaterally; 2nd to 6th tooth triangular, 6th tooth relatively small; interstices of teeth narrow; setiferous tubercles as dense as on vertex; setae very short and thick. Thoracic ventrites with no obvious punctation apart from base of prosternum and intercoxal process of mesoventrite; mostly covered with coarse transverse microsculpture; setae short and thin; intercoxal process of procoxae gradually widened posteriorly; mesocoxal process gradually narrowed posteriorly, widened distally. Scutellar shield small, transverse, about twice as wide as long, width about 0.9× as wide as eye length, with a thin transverse furrow near base. Legs (Fig. 4 B) covered with setae longer than those of other parts; pro- and mesocoxae rounded; metacoxa wide, with transverse ridge a little enlarged at middle, with some setae on medial areas; trochanters with extended inner distal angles, rounded at apices; femora inflated; tibiae gradually widening distally; tarsomere 5 long, more than 3× as long as 4 (Fig. 4 C); claws simple. Abdomen 4/5 as wide as long; intercoxal process triangular; with an unbroken femoral line running along anterior margin of 1st abdominal ventrite (Fig. 4 D); setae short and fine. Elytra (Fig. 1 C). Subparallel, gradually narrowed from anterior 3/7, length measured along median line 1.52 mm (n=1), maximum combined width 1.12 mm (n=1), with indistinct humeral carinae; apices rounded. Rows of punctures shallow, with small setiferous tubercles bearing short, thick and curved seta, longer than those on head and pronotum, on anterior margin of the puncture. Lateral margins very widely flattened; flattened areas gradually narrowed posteriorly, widened apically; many minute denticles with short thin setae on anterior half of margins. Male genitalia (Figs 4 E–H). Tergite VIII square, a little wider than long, posterior margin rounded, bearing many short setae along posterior margin; sternite VIII with a seta of medium length near each posterior angle, and with some short setae and punctures near lateral margins and posterior angles; spiculum gastrale Y-shaped, thin and somewhat long (Fig. 4 E). Median lobe (Fig. 4 G) connected to long and thin median strut by a membrane, median strut 4.5× as long as median lobe, with several punctures around lateral margins of anterior 2/5, half of it covered by setae of short to medium length (ostium was difficult to see in this cleared specimen). Parameres (Fig. 4 H) fused with phallobase (sutures were difficult to see in this cleared specimen), with a long seta and a few short setae on each apex, with a puncture around each apex. Phallobase (Fig. 4 H) pentagonal; tegminal strut narrowed anteriorly from middle. Internal sac (Fig. 4 F) long, containing paired sclerotized plates with rods around base, and thin fiberlike structure around apex. Type series. Holotype: male, Ulu Gombak, Setapak Subdistrict, Gombak District, Selangor State, Malaysia, 6‒16. V. 2016, FIT with light, T. Yoshida leg. (ELKU). Distribution. Malaysia. Etymology. The specific name refers to the shape of the lateral pronotal teeth. Remarks. The shape of the lateral pronotal teeth resembles those of Acorimus and Afrocorimus, but D. zigzag can be distinguished by the combination of absence of ventral antennal grooves and 2-segmented antennal club.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Hirowatari, Toshiya & Hashim, Rosli, 2017, A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula, pp. 365-374 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on pages 371-373, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/57010
Dentirotacorimus reticulatus Yoshida & Hirowatari, sp. nov.
No full textDentirotacorimus reticulatus Yoshida & Hirowatari, sp. nov. (Figs 1 A,B, 2, 3) Diagnosis. This species differs from the following species by the shape of the lateral pronotal teeth, the reticulate punctation on the pronotal disk and the explanate lateral margins of the elytra being narrowed towards the humeri, the longer and narrower 5th tarsomere and the femoral line curved posteriorly at the level of the metacoxal process. Body (Figs 1 A,B). Body length from anterior margin of clypeus to apex of elytra measured along the median line: 2.33–2.60 mm (n=4). Surface dark brown; sides of elytra and legs somewhat lighter. Head (Figs 1 A,B, 2A, 3). Subquadrate, maximum width across eyes 0.48–0.54 mm (n=4); clypeal margin slightly reflexed; genal region prominent (front of eye) laterally but not exceeding eye in width. Eye small, strongly protruding, as long as combined lengths of antennomeres 3 and 4. Punctation coarse and strong on posterior half; ventral surface with sparser punctation than dorsum. Pubescence inconspicuous; dorsally composed of very short and thick setae; ventrally composed of finer setae. Labrum (Fig. 3 A) oblong, ventrally with many setae along anterior margin, dorsally with some long setae and a few short setae. Antenna (Fig. 2 A) 0.56–0.60 mm long (n=4), relatively thick; antennomere 10 about twice as long as 9; covered with fine and relatively short setae; approximate ratios of antennomere lengths of holotype as follows: 2.0: 1.5: 1.4: 1.3: 1.2: 1.1: 1.3: 1.3: 1.3: 2.5: 1.0. Mandible (Figs 3 B,C) densely, finely pubescent on about anterior 1/4 and posterior 2/5 of inner margin, dorsally with long oblique furrow on distal half; lateral region ventrally with one long and a few short setae at each anterolateral angle and a few short setae; mola widely extended posteriorly, with some teeth, with dense pubescence on posterior half of inner margin; outer posterior angles strongly extended laterally. Maxilla (Fig. 3 D) with lacinia and galea; lacinia with two long apical teeth, dorsally with some long setae in a longitudinal row along inner margin; galea broad, divided into basigalea and distigalea, distigalea with dense long setae along anterior and inner margins, with a long seta on anterior outer margin, connected to basigalea by a membrane; palpifer with some short to medium length setae; palpomere 1 small, curved outwards; palpomere 2 strongly widening distally, covered with setae of various length except on inner area; palpomere 3 cylindrical, gradually widening distally, covered with setae of various length except on inner area; palpomere 4 long and conical, relatively densely covered with short spines on apex, sparsely covered with setae of various length, with a large puncture around apex; stipes protruding posteriorly at basal angle, ventrally with a very long seta and a few long setae. Labium (Fig. 3 E) dorsally covered with many setae of various lengths, ventrally with paired long and a few short setae, with two paired punctures around palpomeres, with some medium length setae along anterior margin; palpomere 1 small and stout, incised at middle of outer portion, with a puncture; palpomere 2 widening anteriorly, sparsely covered with short setae except on inner area; palpomere 3 conical, longer than 2, with some short setae, with many minute spines along distal margin. Thorax and abdomen (Figs 1 A,B, 2B–D). Pronotum subquadrate, wider than long, length along median line 0.56–0.70 mm (n=4), maximum width including lateral teeth 0.85–0.98 mm (n=4), with paired shallow depressions on posterior half; six long lateral teeth, rounded at apices; anterior angle (1st tooth) broader than others, directed anterolaterally; 6th tooth extended in posterolateral direction; interstices of 2nd to 6th teeth as wide as teeth, wider than interstice of 1st and 2nd teeth; punctation reticulate and dense; small setiferous punctures inserted within ridge of reticulum; setae very short and thick. Thoracic ventrites with strong punctation; punctation on mesoventrite denser than on other ventrites; covered with coarse transverse microsculpture laterally; setae very short and fine; intercoxal process of procoxae parallel-sided; mesocoxal process narrowed posteriorly, widened around apex. Scutellar shield small, transverse, twice as wide as long, width a little shorter than eye length, with a transverse furrow at middle, partly concealed by elytral base. Legs (Fig. 2 B) covered with setae longer than those of other parts; pro- and mesocoxae rounded; metacoxa oblong, with transverse ridge, with some setae on medial areas; trochanters with well-extended inner distal angles; femora inflated but metafemur less so than others; tibiae widening distally, with some conical setae around apices; tarsomere 5 long, more than 3× as long as 4 (Fig. 2 C); claws simple. Abdomen more than 4/5 as wide as long; intercoxal process wide and rounded, with rim attaining near basal margin of 1st abdominal ventrite; with a pair of femoral lines running along metacoxal cavities and curved posteriorly at level of metacoxal process (Fig. 2 D); setae short and fine. Elytra (Fig. 1 A). Oval, length along median line 1.40–1.62 mm (n=4), maximum combined width 0.93–1.06 mm (n=4) just behind middle, with distinct humeral carinae; apices sharply protruding. Rows of punctures almost as wide as the space between rows, with very short and thick setae on anterior margins of the punctures. Lateral margins widely flattened; flattened areas gradually narrowed towards humeri, widened apically; many denticles with short setae on lateral margins, sparser and smaller posteriorly. Male genitalia (Figs 2 E–H). Tergite VIII square, wider than long, with many short setae along posterior margin; sternite VIII somewhat protruding at posterior angles, with a very long seta at posterior angle, a seta of medium length near each posterior angle, and some short setae near lateral margins and posterior angles; spiculum gastrale Y-shaped, thin and long (Fig. 2 E). Median lobe (Fig. 2 G) connected to long median strut by deeply incised membrane, median strut 3× as long as median lobe, incised at middle of posterior margin, with ostium opening dorsally at posterior 2/5, sparsely punctate in anterior half, with short to long setae on about posterior 2/5. Parameres (Fig. 2 H) fused with phallobase, a little widened around apices, sparsely punctate on inner areas, densely covered with short setae around apices, with a few setae of medium length near apex. Phallobase (Fig. 2 H) triangular; tegminal strut gradually narrowed anteriorly; lateral margins curled inwards for about half the length; basal piece narrow; posterior angles protruding posteriorly along basal parameres. Internal sac (Fig. 2 F) long, with paired sclerotized longitudinal portions with dense punctation around base and paired longitudinal plates without rods next to the sclerotized portions, with long armature around apex, and thin strut at apex. Type series. Holotype: male, Ulu Gombak, Setapak Subdistrict, Gombak District, Selangor State, Malaysia, 6‒16. V. 2016, FIT with light, T. Yoshida leg. (ELKU). Paratypes: 1 female and 1 ex., same data as the holotype (ELKU); 1 male, same locality (250 m), 13‒21. XI. 2009, LT, Maruyama & Tanaka Y. leg. (ELKU). Distribution. Malaysia. Etymology. The specific name means “reticulate”. The punctation on the pronotal disc of this new species is reticulate. Remarks. The internal spherical space in the base of the mandible was observed under a compound microscope. It appears to be a mycangium, but it is difficult to regard it as such, since the opening of the structure could not be observed.Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Hirowatari, Toshiya & Hashim, Rosli, 2017, A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula, pp. 365-374 in Zootaxa 4258 (4) on pages 367-371, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/57010
Airaphilus abei Yoshida & Halstead & Hirowatari 2019, sp. nov.
No full textAiraphilus abei sp. nov. [Japanese name: Hyoutan-hoso-hiratamushi] (Figs 1–3) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♁, Kokeyachi bog, Tsugaru City, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, 5. V. 1992, Azuma Abe leg. (EUMJ). PARATYPES: 1♀ and 2 unsexed specimens, same data as (EUMJ); 1 unsexed specimen, ABE76-373 [the label data is missing], Azuma Abe leg. (SEHU). Description. Habitus (Fig. 1). BL: 2.77–3.36 mm (n = 4). Surface dark brown except for reddish brown antennae, legs, elytra and distal abdominal ventrites; setae golden. Head (Figs 1, 2A). Subquadrate, slightly shorter than wide, HL 0.43–0.49 mm, HW 0.50–0.56 mm, HW/HL 1.10–1.22; IE/HL 0.72–0.80 (n = 4); genal region (front of eyes) a little enlarged laterally, frontal region with paired yellowish setae; temples very short. Eyes moderate in size, strongly protruding, longer than length of antennomere I. Punctation sparse and shallow, consisting of punctures of various sizes, interspaces between punctures with reticulate microsculpture. Pubescence thick and short, ventrally composed of thinner setae, directed toward posterior. Labrum completely covered by clypeus. Antennae (Fig. 2A) very long (about half as long as body), with trimerous club; antennomere XI asymmetric, outer side somewhat concave; all antennomeres densely covered with thin, short and semi-elect pubescence plus some thin, longer erect setae; antennal total length and antennomere approximate length ratios from base to apex, both for the holotype, 1.35 mm; 1.6: 1.2: 1.3: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.0: 1.2: 1.1: 1.8. Pronotum (Fig. 1) longitudinally oval, gradually narrowed towards anterior and posterior margins, widest slightly anterior to middle; anterior margin width almost equal to (not exceeding) head width across eyes, PL 0.67–0.81 mm, PW 0.58–0.72 mm, PL/PW 1.12–1.16 (n = 4); lateral margins with about 12 small teeth at regular intervals, each bearing a short thick seta; anterior margin a little wider than neck of head; surface of pronotum with punctation sparse and shallow, including longitudinal, oval punctures, interspaces with reticulate microsculpture, pubescence moderately dense and short, directed from sides posteriorly and towards midline; anterior margin with setae mainly directed anteriorly and towards middle on each side. Scutellar shield wide, about twice as wide as long, width slightly less than eye length. Elytra (Fig. 1A) elongate, oval, EL 1.66–2.05 mm, EW 0.73–1.00 mm (greatest width posterior to middle), EW/BL 0.26–0.30, EW/EL 0.44–0.49 (n=4), with widely rounded apices. Strial punctures small and very shallow, bearing short thick setae on anterior margins. Lateral margins with many minute denticles at bases of setae, without obvious humeral tooth. Hind wing absent. Legs (Fig. 2B) long, with reticulate to rugose microsculpture, covered with many short setae, thinner than those of pronotum; femora thick, profemora moderately expanded; tibiae gradually widening distally, apically with some short conical spine-like setae; tarsi (Fig. 2C) long, tarsomeres I–III large and lobed; claws simple. Ventral surface (Fig. 1B). Metaventrite long, about 3/4× as long as abdominal ventrite I, with punctation sparser than on pronotum; mesoventrite with larger and deeper punctation than other ventrites; setae thinner than those of pronotum, each located by a puncture and directed anteriorly on prosternum, and posteriorly on meso- and metaventrites; ventrites mostly covered with coarse transverse microsculpture; intercoxal process of procoxae widening toward base; mesocoxal process narrowed posteriorly, somewhat widened near apex. Abdomen more than 1.5× as long as wide; intercoxal process narrowed towards base and rounded; femoral line absent; setae short and thin. Male genitalia (Figs 2 B–H). Tergite VIII transversely oblong, about twice as long as wide, with many short setae along posterior margin; sternite VIII with paired small oblong plates connected by a membrane, ventrally with several very short setae, with two setae of medium length on each posterior portion; sternite IX Y-shaped, widening around middle; branches with moderately sclerotized plates, densely pubescent with short setae on each inner area (Fig. 2B). Median lobe (Figs 2C, D) with rounded apex, longer than wide, with sparse and weak punctation on apical 1/4; median strut Y-shaped with short branches, long and somewhat broad, less than 3× as long as median lobe; ostium opening ventrally around apex (Fig. 2C). Parameres (Fig. 2E) elongate, enlarged at basal 1/3, gradually narrowed toward apex, connected to each other at inner margin of basal 1/3, except on area around basal inner margin covered with many short setae, with some median length to long setae around apices. Phallobase (Fig. 2E) moderately long; tegminal strut short Y-shaped, branches widely divergent with a membrane between them; basal piece transversely oblong, with long branches extending from anterior angles and connected to tegminal strut, a membrane present between branches, posterior margin concave at junction of parameres. Internal sac (Fig. 2D) very long, apex with a long and thin strut (ejaculatory duct) and a U-shaped small plate, with long and more or less angulated armature in apical half, U-shaped thin strut around basal half. Differential diagnosis. Airaphilus abei sp. nov. is similar to A. filiformis (Rosenhauer, 1856), another apterous species, but it can be distinguished by having the following characters: 1) Antennae about half as long as body (similarly long antennae present also in a few other species); in A. filiformis obviously less than half as long. 2) Anterior margin of pronotum narrow, about as wide as (not wider than) head across eyes; in A. filiformis wider than head across eyes. 3) Elytra without a humeral tooth, somewhat rounded to base and more rounded to apices; in A. filiformis elytra each with a poorly developed humeral tooth, distinctly narrowed to base and more narrowed to apices. 4) Metaventrite, about 3/4 as long as abdominal ventrite I; in A. filiformis metaventrite shorter, about 1/2 the length of this ventrite. The general appearance of the new species (head, thorax, and elytra) particularly the shape of the pronotum, also the absence of a femoral line on the abdominal ventrite I (in contrast to those species where it is present) plus characters given above, are also useful for distinguishing A. abei sp. nov. from other superficially similar ones. As far as the authors are aware, male genitalia of Airaphilus species have been illustrated for only three species; those of A. serricollis Reitter, 1878 were illustrated and described by SENGUPTA & PAL (1996), and those of A. doramas Wurst & Lange, 1996 were similarly treated by WURST & LANGE (1996). Genitalia of A. seabrai Luna de Carvalho, 1951 were illustrated without description by LUNA DE CARVALHO (1951). Comparison of the genitalia of A. abei sp. nov. with these published illustrations showed that the new species differs from them in the form of one or more parts, i.e., parameres, including shape and/or setae on them, median lobe and basal piece. A few additional species, examined by one of the authors (D. Halstead), also revealed some differences in these parts suggesting that male genitalia, particularly the parameres, may provide a guide to species limits and be helpful in identification. Biological notes. All specimens were collected from the marsh vegetation with ground beetles and/or diving beetles. Etymology. This new species is dedicated to Dr. Azuma Abe who collected all of the type specimens. Distribution. Japan (Aomori Prefecture).Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Halstead, David G. H. & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2019, Discovery of the genus Airaphilus (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) in Japan, with a description of a potentially endangered new species, pp. 211-216 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (1) on pages 212-215, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/450535
Psammoecus taiwanensis Ng & Lin 2023, sp. nov.
No full textPsammoecus taiwanensis sp. nov. (Figs. 1A, 2, 3 and 4 A-C) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 549E3797-8024-4C89-A13C-547166490EAA Type series: Holotype: male, Sungkang, Jing Ying Village, Ren-ai Township, 2-VII-2014, T. Yoshida leg. (NMNS, male genitalia illustrated). Paratypes: TAIWAN: [New Taipei City] 1 female & 1 ex., Wulai District, 4-VI-1970, Y. Hori leg. (EUMJ). [Yilan County] 2 exs, Fushan Botanical Garden, Yuanshan Township, 25-27-IX-2000, L. Papp, L. Peregovits & L. Ronkay leg., at light (HNHM; studied by MK); 2 exs, Cueifong Lake, Nan-ao Township, alt. 1950 m, 1-IV-2004, T. Kurihara leg. (ELKU). [Nantou County] 1 ex., Gaofeng, 7-8- V-2009, J. Aoki leg. (ELKU); 3 males, 1 female & 2 exs, Tun-yuan-trail, Jing Ying Village, Ren-ai Township, 1-VII-2014, T. Yoshida leg. (ELKU); 3 exs, same locality, 6-VII-2014, T. Yoshida leg. (ELKU); 10 exs, same data as holotype. (ELKU); 1 male, Tsiufeng, Ren-ai Township, 10-VII-1966, H. Kamiya leg. (KUM). [Chiayi County] 1 ex., Alishan, Alishan Township, 1-VIII-1968, K. Y. leg. (ELKU); 1 ex., Fenchihu, Zhuqi Township, 22-VII-1966, H. Kamiya leg. (KUM); 2 exs, same locality, 23-VII-1966, H. Kamiya leg. (KUM); 1 ex., same locality, 24-VII-1966, H. Kamiya leg. (KUM); 1 ex., same locality, 22-VI-1968, M. Tomokuni leg. (EUMJ). [Kaohsiung City] 1 ex., Shanping, Liouguei District, 20-21-III-1980, T. Niisato leg. (EUMJ); 1 ex., Mt. Su-shan (Shi Shan) near Liouguei, Taoyuan © 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan © 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan District, 25-IV-1986, K. Baba leg. (KUM). Etymology: The specific name is derived from Taiwan, the type locality of the new species. Diagnosis: This species resembles P. piceus Grouvelle, 1882; it is distinguished by the distal portions of parameres bearing dense short pubescence, in comparison with distal portions of parameres bearing only two apical setae in P. piceus. This species also resembles P. harmandi but is easily distinguished by the presence of a row of long erect setae along each lateral elytral margin, the expanded anterior angles of pronotum and the stick-shaped and elongate parameres (cone-shaped and stout in P. harmandi) (Figs. 3 and 4). Description: Body length: 2.83-3.43 mm (n = 20). Coloration: (Figs. 1A and 2). Head and pronotum dark brown. Elytra somewhat lighter colored, with a quadrate black macula on each elytron at middle, connected by narrow horizontal band at posterior 1/3, round maculae at posterior 1/4, connected to lateral margins, darkened around humeri and end of elytra. Antennae dark brown, 7th and/or 8th to 10th antennomere darker, 11th (apex) yellowish-brown. Head: (Fig. 2A and B). Wide, HW/HL 1.28- 1.43; IE/HL 0.86-0.98. Temples somewhat enlarged behind eyes, narrowed gradually toward basis. Eyes of moderate size, slightly prominent. Dorsal surface with coarse punctation. Antennae long; antennomeres with pubescence of moderate to large length; distal portion of 7th to 10th and entire 11th antennomeres with short pubescence, very dense on 8th to 11th antennomeres; approximate ratios of antennomere lengths of holotype as follows: 2.6: 1.0: 1.2: 1.3: 1.3: 1.5: 1.4: 1.2: 1.1: 1.0: 1.7. Pronotum: (Figs. 2A, B and 4B). Subquadrate, widest near anterior margin, straightly narrowed toward base, lateral margins slightly flattened; lateral areas of basis somewhat flattened, PW/ PL 1.18-1.27. Punctation on pronotal disk as on vertex; pubescence composed of numerous setae of moderate length, very long setae on teeth of lateral margins and anterior and posterior angles (Fig. 4B). Anterior angle with two small teeth and few small tubercles; lateral margin with some very small teeth, anterior tooth largest; posterior angle with small tooth (Fig. 4B). Elytra: (Figs. 2A and 4C). Elongate-oval, EW/BL 0.40-0.45. Rows of punctures wider than interstices. Pubescence composed of numerous semi-erect setae of medium length, some very long, erect setae along each lateral margin, longer toward humeral swelling, with some long setae on lateral margin (Fig. 4C). Male genitalia: (Fig. 3). Spiculum gastrale (Fig. 3A) with long and very thin strut, diverging widely around apex; branches slightly widened, connected by membrane; lateral sclerites elongate, curved inwards around apices, with short and thin strut. Parameres (Fig. 3B) stick-shaped, elongate, depressed at base, protruding dorsally at inner basal angles, narrowed at basal 1/3 to 2/3, dorsally densely punctate, punctures of various size on basal 1/3, with a short seta on each inner margin of basal 1/3, dorsally densely with short setae on distal 1/2 or 1/3 to apices, with a long seta and a very long seta on each apex. Phallobase (Fig. 3B) long, upper layer deeply and widely incised at distal 1/3, with incision covered by a membrane, lower layer thin, extending toward base. Penis (Fig. 3B) long, sub-parallel, gradually narrowed around apex, with rounded protrusion at apex, finely punctate near apex. Internal sac recurved around apex, with a thin ringed structure and a thin apical strut, densely armed with numerous spines on apical half near space of the ringed structure, with two spinous parallel armed lines around middle, with dense, minute spines near middle. © 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan © 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan Distribution: Taiwan. Remarks: This new species is distributed in high altitudes of Taiwan and occurs sympatrically with P. harmandi. On Tun-yuan-trail, the species was collected from dead leaves of broad-leaved trees.Published as part of Yoshida 1, Takahiro, Karner, Michael & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2018, A Revision of Taiwanese Species in the Genus Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera, Silvanidae), pp. 1-18 in Zoological studies 57 (18) on pages 2-6, DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2018.57-18, http://zenodo.org/record/806433
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