3,803 research outputs found
Ethnic identity, political identity and ethnic conflict: simulating the effect of congruence between the two identities on ethnic violence and conflict
No full textThis thesis outlines and presents an alternative hypothetical process to the emergence of ethnic conflict. Ethnic conflicts, rather than being dependent upon pre-existing 'ancient hatreds', are instead the result of a congruence between ethnic and political identity which grants individuals the ability to use ethnicity to identify and eliminate political threats. This hypothesis is formed by the examination of three case studies of ethnic conflict: Lebanon, Northern Ireland and Croatia. This hypothesis is then formalised and tested using an agent based simulation in which agent interactions are dependent upon ethnic and political identity and the congruence between the two. As predicted there was a strong positive correlation between how accurately ethnic identity reflected political identity and the level of ethnically motivated violence in the simulation, although the relationship was not linear. Furthermore the effect of a shift in congruence was found to be roughly comparable to the effect of initialising agents with a moderate level of pre-existing ethnic antagonism
Ancient theology and new philosophies: Pierre-Daniel Huet against Descartes and Spinoza
No full textThis article analyses Pierre-Daniel Huet's reaction to the doctrines that he believed to favour atheism, Deism, and, generally, irreligion. Descartes and Spinoza, in particular, are guilty, according to Huet, of placing excessive confidence in the discerning power of reason and in the type of certitude it produces, which is incomparable to revealed truth and in no way superior to moral certitude that arises from authority and historical erudition. Huet counters Cartesian philosophy with sceptical fideism and opposes Spinozian exegesis by means of an innovative, although perhaps untimely, adaptation of the doctrine of ancient theology. Against the 'atheist' Spinoza and the cohort of deist thinkers, Huet intends to demonstrate that Moses is the author of the Pentateuch and the divulger of God's message to all peoples, in all times, and that, as a consequence, deist 'natural religion' is a partially corrupted version of the Mosaic doctrine
Toxicological profile for chlorine (update)
No full text"Chemical manager(s)/author(s): G. Daniel Todd, Patricia Ruiz, Larry Cseh, Pam Tucker, John Doyle,.ATSDR, Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Fernando T. Llados, Daniel J. Plewak, Mario Citra, SRC, Inc., North Syracuse, NY."-- P. ix.Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-208) and index.prepared for U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Competing models of socially constructed economic man : differentiating Defoe's Crusoe from the Robinson of neoclassical economics
No full textDaniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe has seldom been read as an explicitly political text. When it has, it appears that the central character was designed to warn the early eighteenth-century reader against political challenges to the existing economic order. Insofar as Defoe’s Crusoe stands for "economic man", he is a reflection of historically-produced assumptions about the need for social conformity, not the embodiment of any genuinely essential economic characteristics. This insight is used to compare Defoe’s conception of economic man with that of the neoclassical Robinson Crusoe economy. On the most important of the ostensibly generic principles espoused by neoclassical theorists, their "Robinson" has no parallels with Defoe’s Crusoe. Despite the shared name, two quite distinct social constructions serve two equally distinct pedagogical purposes. Defoe’s Crusoe extols the virtues of passive middle-class sobriety for effective social organisation; the neoclassical Robinson champions the establishment of markets for the sake of productive efficiency
Malware and Market Share
No full textThis article presents a game-theoretic model of the interaction between malware creators (hackers) and users. Users select and hackers target information technology platforms based upon each platform’s network externalities and security. In equilibrium, a platform’s market share among users and the distribution of malware across platforms are derived endogenously. In particular, a platform’s relative market share is shown to be the square root of the ratio of its competitor’s vulnerability to its own vulnerability. This provides a useful standard for guiding a platform’s security strategy and for characterizing platform competition on the basis of security. It is also consistent with the longstanding empirical folk wisdom that platform leaders must make increasing investments into cybersecurity in order to maintain market share. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.School of Economic, Political and Policy Science
Toxicological profile for chloroethane : (update)
No full textprepared by Sciences International, Inc. Under Subcontract to Research Triangle Institute ; prepared for: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry under contract no. 205-93-0606.Chemical manager(s)/author(s): G. Daniel Todd, Carol Eisenmann, Kara B. Altshuler.--p.ixIncludes bibliographical references (p. 129-143
Austrian economics: a tale of lost opportunities
No full textThis is a, somewhat indirect, rejoinder to Boettke (2019, this volume, Chapter 1). Doing Austrian economics is low prestige: Austrian economics does not get published in high-prestige journals and Austrian economists are not employed by top universities. And yet, up until World War II Austrian economics was an important part of the international economics community. The author argues that Austrian economists made several theoretical innovations that could have placed them at the frontier of research in economics, and present a brief coun-terfactual history of a thriving Austrian economics based on those innovations. However, the actual history of the Austrian School is quite different. A par-ticularly decisive factor that has made Austrian economics a fringe movement was the rejection of formal methods in theory and empirics. The author argues that Austrian economics is basically dying out as a voice in the conversation of modern economists
Tournament bass fishing: Commodification in a serious leisure activity
No full textUsing the dynamic social world of tournament bass fishing as a backdrop, this research combined qualitative and quantitative research methods in a grounded theory approach for the study of commodification, serious leisure and the relationship between these two important social phenomena. Significant contributions were made toward understanding the use of purchased goods and services in leisure activities, the growing phenomenon of serious leisure and the symbolic relationship that exists between them.The preponderance of high-tech fishing commodities in tournament bass fishing calls attention to the diverse uses and meanings individuals and groups have for their possessions. Commodities in this setting are potent social symbols whose purchase, possession and exchange convey to owners and others a myriad of diverse meanings. Commodities contribute to self and group identity, to growth through the acquisition of skills and knowledge and to the development and maintenance of a social world built around a unique ethos. Some tournament bass fishermen also use boats and equipment to display status and purchase power. In addition, producers and distributors of fishing commodities are shown to create as well as respond to demand.This research offers a revised model of serious leisure for commodity intensive activities that recognizes the role of commodities and the individuals and groups that facilitate their use. Stebbins' model of serious leisure includes the three organizational groups of professionals, amateurs and publics. However, the revised model containing three new organizational groups--commodity agents, professionals/commodity agents and amateurs/publics--offers a more complete understanding of some serious leisure activities.Finally, this research project demonstrates how various research methods may be combined to provide a more comprehensive understanding of complex social phenomena and calls for continued research in these critical areas.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:54:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Geobacter sulfurreducens inner membrane cytochrome transcriptional and phenotypic data
No full textThe data files include raw data as well as analyzed results for transcriptional analysis of WT G. sulfurreducens and mutant lacking BccR (GSU0598) under fumarate vs iron citrate growth conditions. This dataset also includes the phenotypic data files for experiments associated with this project.Geobacter sulfurreducens utilizes extracellular electron acceptors such as Mn(IV), Fe(III), syntrophic partners, and electrodes that vary from +0.4 to −0.3 V vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), representing a potential energy span that should require a highly branched electron transfer chain. Here we describe CbcBA, a bc-type cytochrome essential near the thermodynamic limit of respiration when acetate is the electron donor. Mutants lacking cbcBA ceased Fe(III) reduction at −0.21 V vs. SHE, could not transfer electrons to electrodes between −0.21 and −0.28 V, and could not reduce the final 10% – 35% of Fe(III) minerals. As redox potential decreased during Fe(III) reduction, cbcBA was induced with the aid of the regulator BccR to become one of the most highly expressed genes in G. sulfurreducens. Growth yield (CFU/mM Fe(II)) was 112% of WT in ∆cbcBA, and deletion of cbcL (an unrelated bc-cytochrome essential near −0.15 V) in ΔcbcBA increased yield to 220%. Together with ImcH, which is required at high redox potentials, CbcBA represents a third cytoplasmic membrane oxidoreductase in G. sulfurreducens. This expanding list shows how metal-reducing bacteria may constantly sense redox potential to adjust growth efficiency in changing environments.Office of Naval Research: N00014-16-1-2194, and N00014-18-1-2632.Joshi, Komal; Chan, Chi Ho; Bond, Daniel R. (2021). Geobacter sulfurreducens inner membrane cytochrome transcriptional and phenotypic data. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/5AMD-ZW33
Is the discount on the secondary market a case for LDC debt relief?
No full textIn 1988, the prices on the secondary market of LDC debt averaged 50 cents per dollar of face value. From the observation of such discount, this paper goes one step further and argues thatthe debt should be written down in order to account for the discrepancy between the face and market value of the debt. The paper is structured as follows. Section 1 spells out the model, section 2 calculates the socially efficient and the post-default growth rates of the economy. Section 3 shows that the lenders, if they were to monitor the investment and the consumption strategy of the borrower, would choose a lower investment strategy than the socially efficient one. Section 4 shows how an optimum rescheduling can achieve the equilibrium described in section 3. Section 5 shows the dynamic inconsistency of the optimal strategy spelled out in section 4, and shows the link with the"debt overhang"literature. Section 6 investigates the empirical relevance of the"debt overhang".Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Strategic Debt Management,Financial Intermediation
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