22,894 research outputs found
Indodictyophara Liang & Song 2012
No full textINDODICTYOPHARA LIANG & SONG, 2012 Indodictyophara Liang & Song, 2012: 418. Type species Indodictyophara lobosa Liang & Song, 2012; by original designation. Diagnosis The genus can be separated from other Aluntiini genera by the following combination of characters: cephalic process nearly 1.3 times as long as pronotum and mesonotum combined; vertex with median carina only visible basally; frons with lateral and median carinae strongly ridged and blade-like; tegmina without dendroid secondary veins; ten suboblique veins on costal cell from basal one-third to apex; and aedeagus with a pair of spinous, sclerotized, black-tipped, and not inflated endosomal processes. Diversity and distribution Indodictyophara is a monotypic genus known only from southern India.Published as part of Song, Zhi-Shun, Szwedo, Jacek, Wang, Rong-Rong & Liang, Ai-Ping, 2016, Systematic revision of Aluntiini Emeljanov, 1979 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Dictyopharidae: Dictyopharinae): reclassification, phylogenetic analysis, and biogeography, pp. 349-398 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176 (2) on page 368, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12319, http://zenodo.org/record/535764
Taxonomic study of the genus Zema Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) from China
No full textWang, Rong-Rong, Liang, Ai-Ping (2007): Taxonomic study of the genus Zema Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) from China. Zootaxa 1436: 61-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17587
Anyllis spinostylus Liang Body 2005
No full text<i>Anyllis spinostylus</i> Liang <p>(Figures 1I–J)</p> <p> <i>Anyllis spinostylus</i> Liang in Liang et al., 2005: 301–307, figs. 10–16. Holotype male, Australia (Tasmania) (BPBM) [examined].</p> <p> <i>Description</i></p> <p> Length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male (<i>n</i> = 4), 5.8–6.0 mm; female (<i>n</i> = 5), 7.0– 7.2 mm.</p> <p>General colour ochraceous brown, posterior area of pronotum pale fuscous, scutellum with brown suffusion medially; head beneath ochraceous, antennal sockets and flagellar base pale fuscous, rostrum with apical segment brown; thorax beneath ochraceous with pleurae partly brownish; legs ochraceous, claws dark brown, fore and middle tarsi brown, tips of spines on hind tibiae and tarsi black; forewings (Figure 1I,J) fuscous, marked with some stramineous spots or irregular markings, with three hyaline white areas on costal area, the first basal and very narrow, the second near middle and being very short and small, and the third subapical, large and elongate, nearly triangular; hindwings hyaline, covered with brown hairs, veins brown; abdomen dark brown to fuscous with segmental margins ochraceous.</p> <p>External structure as in the generic description. Head (Figure 1I) maximum width (including eyes) 3.2–4.0 times as long as median length. Vertex (Figure 1I) with a distinct median carina, median length 0.4–0.5 times as long as length of pronotum medially. Frons (Figure 1J, also see Liang et al. 2005: 304; fig. 11) in the males moderately bulbous, not strongly compressed laterally, median longitudinal carina indistinct. Pronotum (Figure 1I, also see Liang et al. 2005: 304; fig. 10) with median longitudinal carina obsolete on posterior half, median length 0.6–0.7 times as long as maximum width.</p> <p>Male genitalia with pygofer high, wider ventrally than dorsally, upper posterior end angularly posteriorly produced in lateral view. Anal segments very short and broad, anal style small; basal anal processes robust and straight, with inner edge without fine spines. Subgenital plates very short and small, apically weakly bilobed, outer margin with one very small angular process. Genital styles slender and elongate, angularly expanded laterad medially, apex hook-like in ventral view. Aedeagal shaft distinctly slender and elongate, slightly arched anteriorly in lateral view, anterior– ventral margin with an angular process subapically, upper anterior edge covered with fine spines in lateral view (see Liang et al. 2005: 304; figs 12–16).</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i></p> <p> <i>Holotype</i> male, Australia: Tasmania, Mt Field, Nat. Park, Dobson Lake, 1000 m, 25 December 1960, collected by J.L. Gressitt, deposited in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA (BPBM).</p> <p> <i>Paratypes.</i> Australia: two males, Lake Fenton, Mt Field National Park, Tasmania, 1000 m, 42 ◦ 40.6 ′ S, 146 ◦ 37.4 ′ E, 6 December 1999 (J. Keble-Williams), beating <i>Nothofagus cunninghamii</i> (ASCU); two females, same data but collected on 25 January 2000 (ASCU); one male, one female, Mt Arthur, Wellington Range, Tasmania, 1080 m, 42 ◦ 53.0 ′ S, 147 ◦ 13.1 ′ E, 10 February 2000, J. Keble-Williams, beating <i>Nothofagus cunninghamii</i> (ASCU); one female, Tasmania, Mt Field National Park, Lake Dobson Road, 710 m, 2 February 1980 (A. Newton and M. Thayer), <i>Eucalyptus</i>, <i>Nothofagus</i> forest, window trap; [green label]. If designated as holotype specimen must be returned to Australia (AMNH); one female, Tasmania, Hartz Mts NP, Hartz Road, 800 m, 8–10 February [19]80 (A. Newton and M. Thayer), <i>Eucalyptus</i> Scrub, moor edge; beating <i>Eucalyptus</i> sp.; [green label]. If designated as holotype specimen must be returned to Australia (AMNH).</p> <p> <i>Distribution</i></p> <p>Australia (Tasmania).</p> <p> <i>Remarks</i></p> <p> This species can be distinguished from another Tasmanian species <i>A. pseudotiegsi</i> sp. nov. by its relatively elongate body and large size (length male 5.8–6.0 mm, female 7.0– 7.2 mm); vertex with a median carina; pronotum with median carina obsolete on posterior half; forewings (Figure 1I,J) marked with more stramineous spots; genital styles more narrow and slender, apex hook-like in ventral view; and aedeagal shaft elongate and slender (see Liang et al. 2005: 304, figs 12–16).</p>Published as part of <i>Liang, Ai-Ping & Wang, Rong-Rong, 2012, A revision of the endemic Australian spittlebug genus Anyllis Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) with descriptions of two new species, pp. 1005-1023 in Journal of Natural History 46 (15 - 16)</i> on pages 1018-1020, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.651646, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5199722">http://zenodo.org/record/5199722</a>
Zema montana Wang & Liang, sp. nov.
No full textZema montana Wang & Liang, sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 12– 21) Description ɗ, length (from apex of vertex to tip of fore wings) 5.9–7.2 mm; fore wings length: 4.8–5.6 mm. General color brown; two patches on disc of vertex and a narrow, longitudinal stripe beyond median carina on pronotum blackish; frontal disc and clypeus largely fuscous; a broad band overlying fronto-clypeal suture ivory-white; clypeus with two, longitudinal piceous stripes beyond median carina; tip of rostrum fuscous; eyes reddish; most of gena ivory-white, with a blackish patch between eye and lateral margin of vertex and a large circular, black patch below eye; antennae with pedicel black, sensory plaque organs white; pronotum with ventral portion of lateral lobes covered with an oblique, blackish stripe, and the marginal portion ivory-white; mesonotum with irregular, blackish stripes, base of mesoscutellum with fuscous suffusion; legs covered with longitudinal, fuscous stripes on femora, tibiae, pro- and mesotarsi; abdominal sclerites blackish; fore wings transparent, veins brown, apex of clavus with blackish suffusion. Vertex (Fig. 12) distinctly shorter in midline line than breadth at base (2.14: 1). Frons (Fig. 13) longer in middle than the widest breadth (1.44: 1), with a broad callus at anterior margin, longitudinal carina, which between middle line and lateral carina, nearly parallel, uniting with median carina in the broad callus. Clypeus (Figs. 13, 14) with thicken median carina. Male genitalia (Figs. 17–21) relatively large, Periandrium (Figs. 17, 18, 20) large and elongate, symmetrical, with its basal half surrounding basal 1 / 2 of penis; penis slender and elongate, distinctly sinuate, apical half directed posteroventrally in lateral view, apex distinctly forked. Distribution Southwestern China (Yunnan). Remarks This species can be distinguished from Z. gressitti Fennah by the median carina of vertex percurrent (median carina only present in basal two-thirds in Z. gressitti), periandrium symmetrical (periandrium asymmetrical, denticulate on apical margin in Z. gressitti), and penis distinctly sinuate, much longer than that of Z. gressitti (about 4: 3), apex distinctly forked (penis appreciably sinuate, forming a distinctly fork from middle part in Z. gressitti).Published as part of Wang, Rong-Rong & Liang, Ai-Ping, 2007, Taxonomic study of the genus Zema Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) from China, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 1436 on pages 66-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17587
Error probability and capacity analysis of generalised pre-coding aided spatial modulation
No full textThe recently proposed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission scheme termed as generalized pre-coding aided spatial modulation (GPSM) is analyzed, where the key idea is that a particular subset of receive antennas is activated and the specific activation pattern itself conveys useful implicit information. We provide the upper bound of both the symbol error ratio (SER) and bit error ratio (BER) expression of the GPSM scheme of a low-complexity decoupled detector. Furthermore, the corresponding discrete-input continuous-output memoryless channel (DCMC) capacity as well as the achievable rate is quantified. Our analytical SER and BER upper bound expressions are confirmed to be tight by our numerical results. We also show that our GPSM scheme constitutes a flexible MIMO arrangement and there is always a beneficial configuration for our GPSM scheme that offers the same bandwidth efficiency as that of its conventional MIMO counterpart at a lower signal to noise ratio (SNR) per bit
Towards Agent-oriented Model-Driven Architecture
No full textModel Driven Architecture supports the transformation from reusable models to executable software. Business representations, however, cannot be fully and explicitly represented in such models for direct transformation into running systems. Thus, once business needs change, the language abstractions used by MDA (e.g. Object Constraint Language / Action Semantics), being low level, have to be edited directly. We therefore describe an Agent-oriented Model Driven Architecture (AMDA) that uses a set of business models under continuous maintenance by business people, reflecting the current business needs and being associated with adaptive agents that interpret the captured knowledge to behave dynamically. Three contributions of the AMDA approach are identified: 1) to Agent-oriented Software Engineering, a method of building adaptive Multi-Agent Systems; 2) to MDA, a means of abstracting high level business-oriented models to align executable systems with their requirements at runtime; 3) to distributed systems, the interoperability of disparate components and services via the agent abstraction
Generalised pre-coding aided spatial modulation
No full textA new Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission scheme termed as Generalised Pre-coding aided Spatial Modulation (GPSM) is proposed, where the key idea is that a particular subset of receive antennas is activated and the activation pattern itself conveys useful information. This is in contrast to the previously proposed Spatial Modulation (SM) schemes, which operated by activating a specific subset of transmit antennas. We provide both analytical and numerical results characterizing the GPSM scheme proposed for both conventional as well as for large-dimensional MIMO configurations subject to both realistic imperfect Channel State Information at the Transmitter (CSIT) and to the low-rank approximation invoked for large-dimensional MIMO configurations. We also design a so-called reinforcement matrix for attaining substantial performance improvements for our proposed GPSM scheme. Our investigations show that the GPSM scheme constitutes a flexible alternative to the state-of-the-art MIMO transmission schemes, especially because it is capable of achieving a high throughput. Moreover, the benefits of mapping information to the spatial domain rather than relying on conventional modulation has substantial benefits in the medium to high Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) region. Quantitatively, GPSM is capable of supporting the same throughput as the conventional full-multiplexing gain based MIMO arrangements at an SNR gain of about 1dB at the same receiver complexity. Furthermore, the reinforcement matrix aided GPSM scheme attains a further 3-4dB performance improvement as compared to the conventional GPSM scheme
FIGURES 17–21 in Taxonomic study of the genus Zema Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) from China
No full textFIGURES 17–21. Zema montana sp. nov. 17. male genitalia, lateral view; 18. male genitalia, dorsal view; 19. male genitalia, caudal view; 20. anal segment and aedeagus, lateral view; 21. corpus connective and parameres, ventral view.Published as part of Wang, Rong-Rong & Liang, Ai-Ping, 2007, Taxonomic study of the genus Zema Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) from China, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 1436 on page 67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17587
FIGURE 1 in The Oriental planthopper genus Eilithyia Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) with description of one new species
No full textFIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Eilithyia singaporensis sp. nov. male (?, Singapore: Botanic Gardens, BPBM).Published as part of Wang, Rong-Rong, Liang, Ai-Ping & Webb, Michael D., 2008, The Oriental planthopper genus Eilithyia Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Tropiduchidae) with description of one new species, pp. 63-68 in Zootaxa 1676 on page 65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27405
Energy pattern aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer
No full textIn echoing Varshney's seminal concept of jointly transmitting information and energy, we propose the concept of an energy pattern aided Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) system, where in addition to power transfer, information is conveyed both by the specific Receive Antenna (RA) indices to which the power is delivered as well as by the particular intensity of the power assigned to that particular RA pattern. By embedding information into energy patterns rather than imposing it by modulating classic radio waveforms, our proposed solution is capable of operating both in an integrated receiver mode and in a power-split mode, while relying on a low-complexity two-stage non-coherent detection algorithm. Both our analysis and simulations show that our energy pattern aided SWIPT system exhibits a beneficial immunity to any potential performance degradation imposed by power-conversion. Moreover, the achievable rate versus power conversion trade-off bounds are characterized, demonstrating that our proposed energy pattern aided SWIPT system leads to a beneficial wireless information and power transfer convergence
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