392,074 research outputs found
Design of diffractive color separation grating for optimized power and color performance
No full textErythrodes triantherae C. L. Yeh et C. S. Leou (Orchidaceae), a New Species Bearing 1-3 Anthers
No full text本文記述產自臺灣?嶼之新種?科植物「三藥細筆?」之學名、形態特徵、產地、花期及標本等資?。本種之主要特徵為花之蕊柱具有1~3 枚花藥，即有1 或2 枚雄蕊常在蕊柱腹面出現，唇瓣較小，長4.5～5.5 mm，基部囊?而無長距。對於本種之花藥?目之變?情形及對於果實發育之初步觀察結果亦加以註記。並提供臺灣Erythrodes 屬之新檢?表。A new species of Erythrodes Blume (Orchidaceae), E. triantherae C. L. Yeh et C. S. Leou, from Lanyu of Taiwan is described and illustrated. It is characterized by the column which is adorned with 1-3 anthers, I.e. additional 2 or 1 stamens often present on the ventral side of column and in the lip which is much shorter (4.5-5.5 mm long) and only saccate at base, not long spurred. Results of a preliminary observation on the variation of anther number, and on the development of fruits have also been noted. We also provide a new key to the species of Erythrodes in Taiwan
Failure Study of Composite Materials by the Yeh-Stratton Criterion
Full text linkThe newly developed Yeh-Stratton (Y-S) Strength Criterion was used to study the failure of composite materials with central holes and normal cracks. To evaluate the interaction parameters for the Y-S failure theory, it is necessary to perform several biaxial loading tests. However, it is indisputable that the inhomogeneous and anisotropic nature of composite materials have made their own contribution to the complication of the biaxial testing problem. To avoid the difficulties of performing many biaxial tests and still consider the effects of the interaction term in the Y-S Criterion, a simple modification of the Y-S Criterion was developed. The preliminary predictions by the modified Y-S Criterion were relatively conservative compared to the testing data. Thus, the modified Y-S Criterion could be used as a design tool. To further understand the composite failure problem, an investigation of the damage zone in front of the crack tip coupled with the Y-S Criterion is imperative
The Yeh-Stratton Criterion for Composite Materials
No full text A new criterion for composite failure is proposed based on the Yeh Stratton (Y-S) criterion which is proven to work well for isotropic materials. Since the Y-S criterion requires three yield strengths from simple tension, compression, and torsion tests, the Y-S criterion can be applicable for ductile materials as well as brittle materials with different strengths in tension and compression. Like many other theories of anisotropic materials which were developed from those of isotropic materials, the Y-S criterion is now generalized in this paper to examine the failure of composite materials. One unique feature of the Y-S criterion is in its ability to change its format depending upon what types of stresses are applied and what types of material strengths are considered. Thus, it is shown that the entire closed failure surface by the Y-S criterion is composed of piecewise surfaces. When a material is in compression as an example, the compressive strength should be the dominant critical strength, not the tensile strength. Accordingly, the failure function must be adjusted so that it can accommodate the compressive strength. It is shown that the failure surface of the generalized Y-S criterion will consist of piecewise surfaces depending on types of stresses and strengths of composite materials. The validity of the generalized Y-S criterion is examined with experimental results of off-axis uniaxial strength tests of unidirectional fiber composites, and cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composites. Comparisons were made with other well-known anistropic theories. </jats:p
FIGURES 18–29 in Description of a new species of the genus Sarasaeschna Karube & Yeh, with a key to the species of Taiwan (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae)
No full textFIGURES 18–29. Different characters of the Sarasaeschna of Taiwan. 18–21, male pterothorax, dorsal; 22–25, male cerci, dorsal; 26–29, male cerci, lateral; 18, 22 & 26, S. pyanan; 19, 23 & 27, S. lieni; 20, 24 & 28, S. tsaopiensis; 21, 25 & 29, S. chiangchinlii.Published as part of Chen, Szu-Lung & Yeh, Wen-Chi, 2014, Description of a new species of the genus Sarasaeschna Karube & Yeh, with a key to the species of Taiwan (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae), pp. 92-100 in Zootaxa 3764 (1) on page 96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/22748
Two-dimensional matrix algorithm using detrended fluctuation analysis to distinguish Burkitt and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Full text linkCopyright © 2012 Rong-Guan Yeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.A detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) method is applied to image analysis. The 2-dimensional (2D) DFA algorithms is proposed
for recharacterizing images of lymph sections. Due to Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), there
is a significant different 5-year survival rates after multiagent chemotherapy. Therefore, distinguishing the difference between BL
and DLBCL is very important. In this study, eighteen BL images were classified as group A, which have one to five cytogenetic
changes. Ten BL images were classified as group B, which have more than five cytogenetic changes. Both groups A and B BLs are
aggressive lymphomas, which grow very fast and require more intensive chemotherapy. Finally, ten DLBCL images were classified
as group C. The short-term correlation exponent α1 values of DFA of groups A, B, and C were 0.370 ± 0.033, 0.382 ± 0.022, and
0.435 ± 0.053, respectively. It was found that α1 value of BL image was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than DLBCL. However, there
is no difference between the groups A and B BLs. Hence, it can be concluded that α1 value based on DFA statistics concept can
clearly distinguish BL and DLBCL image.National Science Council (NSC) of Taiwan the Center for Dynamical Biomarkers and
Translational Medicine, National Central University, Taiwan (also sponsored by National Science Council)
Sarasaeschana chiangchinlii Chen & Yeh, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textSarasaeschana chiangchinlii sp. nov. Figures 1–7, 15 – 17, 21, 25, 29, 32 & 33 Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Mr. Chin-Li Chiang for his continuous effort and hard work in searching for many rare dragonfly species of Taiwan and also discovery of this new species. Diagnosis. S. chiangchinlii is a medium and black aeshnid with yellow markings. It differs from the other known Sarasaeschna mainly in having the male cercus resemble a sickle. Male has hastate and female has sagittate AD spots on S 2. All wings of female colored with pale brown entirely and more intensely at basal half. Male (holotype, Figs 1, 3). HEAD: labium with medial lobe yellow and lateral lobes dark brown. Face black on lower part, with faint yellow basal spots on mandibles and labrum. Anteclypeus black, postclypeus yellow with lower margin black. Antefrons black and wrinkled, lateral sides and lower 1 / 5 smooth and yellow, upper margin straight (Fig. 5). Postfrons depressed medially and black, laterally invaded by a pair of transverse yellow spots originating from yellow area of antefrons, and forming a T-mark (Fig. 21). Vertex, antenna and occiput black; vertex about 1 / 3 width of frons, tumid, with pair of small faint yellow spots on top. Compound eyes dull green in life, interorbital suture short, about 2 / 3 width of vertex. Black hairs present on upper half of head, denser and longer on frons, vertex and occiput, and lacking from wrinkled area of antefrons. PTEROTHORAX: Dorsal stripes cigar - shaped and a little divergent downward from each other, lower ends obtusely attenuate and upper ends connected above with pair of round spots (Fig. 21). Antealar sinuses black. Stripes of mesepimeron roundly obtuse at upper ends, broadening and touching humeral suture at lower half. Upper spot of metepisternum small and triangular, posterior 3 / 4 of metepimeron yellow. Mesinfraepistermun entirely yellow, metinfraepisternum yellow at ventral margin and posterior half. Brown long hairs densely present on front and less so on sides of pterothorax. LEGS: Black, apex of hind femur reaching to anterior margin of S 2. WINGS: hyaline, slightly tinged with pale brown at basal extremity, veins black. Pterostigma dark brown, braced in all wings and underlain by 1.5–2.0 cells. Nodal index 6: 16: 17: 6 in forewings and 7: 11: 13: 8 in hindwings. One cubito-anal crossvein in all wings. Triangle a little longer in forewings than in hindwings and two- or threecelled. Hypertriangles crossed in left wings and uncrossed in right wings, subtriangles uncrossed. Anal loop compact and three- or four-celled, anal triangle three-celled. Tornus roundly angulate; membranule well developed and pale brownish, reaching downward to upper 1 / 3 of anal triangle. ABDOMEN: S 1 and S 2 swollen, S 3 constricted at anterior 1 / 3; posterior half of S 3–7 widened and weakly spindle-shaped, S 8–10 narrow and parallel-sided. Dorsally, S 2 with a hastate AD spot and a pair of round and closely adjoining PD spots (Fig. 15), S 3–8 with paired and closely adjoining PD spots, about equal sized on S 3–6, smaller on S 7 and tiny on S 8. Laterally, S 1 yellowish, S 2 with large and square AL spot, broadly crescent PL spot and small spot on posteroventral corner (Fig. 32), AL spot covering auricle; S 3–5 with AL spots, triangular on S 3, small and transverse on S 4 and S 5. Ventrally, bases of S 4–6 with pair of faint spots. Auricles semicircular in shape, protruding backward and armed with row of dark denticles at posterior margin. Mid-dorsal carina well defined on S 3–7 and basal half of S 8. Cercus about 2 - 1 / 3 as long as S 10, in dorsal view sickle-shaped, with basal 1 / 3 narrow and apical 2 / 3 expanded and broadly ridged dorsally, apex strongly incurved and blunt (Fig. 25); in lateral view, cercus with wide and deep basal notch (Fig. 29). Epiproct a little shorter than 1 / 2 of cercus, apex upcurved gently and notched deeply with two forks markedly diverging outward, depth of the apical notch a little longer than half its width (Fig. 6). FIGURES 1–7. Sarasaeschna chiangchinlii. 1, 3, 5 & 6, holotype male; 2, 4 & 7, paratype female; 1 & 2, dorsal; 3 & 4, lateral; 5, face; 6, male epiproct, ventral; 7, ovipositor, lateral. FIGURES 30 –35. 30, S. tsaopiensis, 31, S. pyanan, 32 & 33, S. chiangchinlii. 30, female cerci, dorsal; 31 & 32, abdominal S 2 of male, lateral; 33, male penis, lateral, upside down, 34, the habitat of S.chiangchinlii in Daxi, Taoyuan County, Taiwan, 35, the ovipositing female of S.chiangchinlii. PENILE STRUCTURES (Fig. 33): Configuration of penis similar to those of pryeri -group Sarasaeschna (cf. Karube & Yeh 2001, Yeh & Chen 2000) with flagella protruding horizontally in relation to the position of 4 th segment. Females (Paratypes, Figs. 2, 4): General body maculations of females similar to those of holotype male, differences as follows: Wings tinged with pale brown entirely with apical half less intensely, color deeper in teneral stage. Abdomen straight and narrowed smoothly and gradually toward apex. On dorsum, S 2 with large sagittate AD spot (Figs. 16–17) and streak-like MD spots, S 3 with longitudinal AD spot and streak-like MD spots; on sides, S 1 & S 2 largely yellow, S 3 with large AL spots and tiny PL spots, S 4–7 with transverse AL spots, tiny in S 7. Ventral side of abdomen black. Female cerci short, as long as S 10 (Fig. 7). Ovipositor reddish brown and reaching to posterior margin of S 10; dentigerous plate of S 10 protruding backward and downward, ventrally armed with numerous closely set spinules. Measurements (mm). Holotype male, abd. + cerci 46, hindwing 37, cerci 4.0; Paratype females, abd. + cerci 40–42, hindwings 37–40. Materials examined. All of the specimens including those listed in additional materials were collected from Daxi, Taoyuan County, N. Taiwan. Holotype: ♂, 17 /III/ 2013, leg. C.L. Chiang; Paratypes: 3 ♀#, 21-22 /IV/ 2010, SLC; 1 ♀, 30 /IV/ 2010, WCY. All type specimens will be deposited in the Insect Collection of TFRI. Additional materials: 1 ♂ (in alcohol), 22 /IV/ 2010, C. L. Chiang. (picked up from a spider web); 1 ♀, teneral, 17 /III/ 2013, C. L Chiang.Published as part of Chen, Szu-Lung & Yeh, Wen-Chi, 2014, Description of a new species of the genus Sarasaeschna Karube & Yeh, with a key to the species of Taiwan (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae), pp. 92-100 in Zootaxa 3764 (1) on pages 93-97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/22748
Cryptanalysis of Yeh et al.'s Security-Enhanced Remote User Authentication Scheme with Smart Cards
No full textRemote authentication is an essential part of the rapid-growing electronic commerce. Recently, Huang and Wei proposed a complete authentication scheme using smart cards with only lightweight operations, such as exclusive-or operations, secure one-way hash functions, and pseudo-random number generators. However, Yeh et al. indicated that Huang-Wei's scheme is vulnerable to the probing analysis attack and then presented a security-enhanced scheme. In this paper, we will show that Yeh et al.'s enhanced scheme suffers from two different kinds of attacks. First, Yeh et al.'s scheme is also vulnerable to two different types of probing analysis attacks. Second, their scheme is susceptible to the user impersonation attack. Moreover, we also develop the mathematical backgrounds for these two types of probing analysis attacks, which can be used by the authentication protocol designers to avoid such kind of attacks.紙
Reticulaphis septica Yeh & Hsu, sp. nov.
No full textReticulaphis septica Yeh & Hsu sp. nov. (Figs. 14, 15) Apterous adult female. A small species, body ovate, black with purplish-blue burnish, marginal setae short and stout, with fan-shaped apices, body margin without waxy powder. Body 0.47–0.53 mm long, about 1.33 (1.27–1.41) times as long as wide, widest part at position corresponding to front legs, 2 shrunken furrows from prosomal margin to submargin at positions corresponding to front and middle legs. Antennae much shorter than space between them, L-shaped bend without segmentation, long arm about 25–37.5 μm with 1 minute rhinaria and 1 terminal seta near apex. Eyes submarginal, with 2 facets (some individuals with 3 facets). Prosoma distinctly reticulated with pale thin lines, dorsum with 3 deep transverse ridges on median area and several rounded areas surrounding it; 5 pairs of minute setae on central axis of prosoma, 1 st pair between eyes; prosoma with 10 pairs of marginal setae, all marginal setae short and stout, almost as long as long arm of antennae, with fan-shaped or serrated apices. Legs short, hind legs somewhat exposed; front and middle tibiae shorter than femora, hind tibiae equal to or shorter than femora; tarsi narrower than tibia, longer than wide; 1 long fine capitate seta on dorsal front tarsi, 2 such setae on middle and hind tarsi. Abdominal tergites II–VII about 140–157.5 μm wide and 57.5–67.5 μm long, also reticulated, without siphunculi and with 6 pairs minute setae along converging sides of tergites, only base tubercles visible. Abdominal tergite VIII an equilateral triangle, about 75–85 μm wide and 30–40 μm long, with 2 blunt, stout apical setae, nearly as long as marginal setae. Cauda knobbed, constricted basally. Subanal plate deeply bilobed, each lobe with 4–6 setae. Material examined. Holotype, Taiwan: Dashe Township, Kaohsiung Co., on Ficus septica, 9 -iv- 2006, H.T. Yeh (# 476). Paratypes, Taiwan: Luodong Township, Ilan Co., 28 -iii-2006, 22 apterous adults from F. septica (on 2 microscope slides) (Y.F. Chen # 469); Baihe Township, Tainan Co., 8 -iv-2007, 12 apterous adults from F. septica (C.C. Ko # 596); Da-an District, Taipei City, 21 -iv-2007, 14 apterous adults from F. septica (T.C. Hsu # 600); Dashe Township, Kaohsiung Co., 27 -v-2007, 48 apterous adults from F. septica (on 7 microscope slides) (H.T. Yeh # 608) (ANIC, BMNH, CDFA, NMNS, TARIIC, USNM). Etymology. The specific name ‘ septica ’ is derived from the associated host plant, F. s e p t i c a. Remarks. This species can be found in suburbs or hills, and feeds year round on new to mature leaves. The population density can be very high on mature leaves, and often causes serious sooty molds. This species differs from R. mirabilis in the pair of tiny setae between the eyes on the dorsal prosoma, and the comparatively stout marginal setae with distinctly fan-shaped apices of the prosoma; and differs from R. asymmetrica by the ovate body shape, and the pleural regions of prosoma not being expanded.Published as part of Yeh, Hsin-Ting, Ko, Chiun-Cheng & Hsu, Tung-Ching, 2008, Review of the East-Asian genus Reticulaphis (Aphididae: Hormaphidinae), with two new species, pp. 34-48 in Zootaxa 1782 on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27431
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