1,820 research outputs found
Planetary health diet in Malaysia: Recommendations for healthier people and planet
No full textFood systems both influence and are influenced by environmental changes. Adopting a Planetary Health Diet (PHD) approach could alleviate the burden of food systems on the environment whilst increasing food security for the population. Here, we assess how the current Malaysian dietary guidelines and dietary intake compares to the PHD and investigate the relationship between the PHD, calorie intake, and food insecurity in Malaysia. We compared the percent of daily calorie intake by food group between the PHD, the Malaysian Dietary Guidelines 2020, and estimated dietary intake from publicly available data. Additionally, the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) was used to compare alignment to the PHD across ethnicity, gender, and area of residence. Spearman's correlation tests assessed aggregated correlations between the PHD, daily calorie intake, and food insecurity. Compared to the PHD, the Malaysian diet lacked in legumes (3.6 % vs 23.0 % of daily calorie intake). There was an overconsumption of grains & tubers (53.1 % vs 34.0 %), added sugars (12.4 % vs 4.8 %), and meat (11.7 % vs 4.5 %). The ethnic Indian diet was most closely aligned to the PHD, with a PHDI score of 69.1 compared to the overall score of 46.2. The national dietary guidelines were well aligned to the PHD, however, a large proportion of recommended daily calorie intake was unaccounted for in the guidelines (43.4 %). Encouraging more whole grain and legumes and reducing meat and added sugar intake could help align Malaysian diets with the PHD, benefiting the health and wellbeing of people and their environment
Streamlining plagiarism detection: The role of electronic assessment management
No full textThis paper considers the problem of managing the workload implications of plagiarism detection as part of the larger issue of assessment management and within a holistic approach to educational integrity. It looks specifically at the potential for Electronic Assessment Management (EAM) to provide some of the solutions to this problem. It draws on the work of Mantz Yorke whose research into assessment management calls for the establishment of appropriate structures and mechanisms which support systems that achieve the dual imperatives of efficiency and effectiveness. This paper considers the workload issues related to plagiarism detection under these dual imperatives, looking first at the issue of effectiveness and then turning to consider the issue of efficiency. Finally, it argues for why and how these issues should be taken into account in the procurement of digital plagiarism detection software and how the use of these tools should fit within a rigorous and consistent holistic approach to educational integrity
Strange Attractors: A Commentary on Applications of Indeterminacy in my Recent Music
No full textThis commentary reflects on how indeterminacy has been used in the music I have written over the period of my doctoral studies, 2005-2008. Non-musical ideas play a major role in my compositional language and this is reflected in the use of 'strange attractors' as a metaphor for the philosophical and aesthetic stance behind composing with indeterminacy. After a brief introduction chapter, the links between strange attractors—and chaos theory in general—and indeterminate music are discussed. And applications of indeterminacy to pitch organisation techniques such as spectral modelling and frequency modulation are examined as part of a frequency-based harmonic continuum. Different methods of generating ambiguous pitch percepts that sit at the boundaries of the harmony/timbre duality are considered In pieces with text processes
why "My Bankrupt PhD!"
No full textFrench original text : «pourquoi 'Ma thèse en faillite!'» Traduction by Alex Mahoudeau Once upon a time, there was a PhD thesis on company bankruptcies… my thesis. Yeah, that’s not very sexy, as they say! After studying engineering and applied arts in high school, and a year preparing for a Fine Arts grand school in Lyon (the ENSBA), I decided to take a break, which turned into a Bachelor, and then a Master’s degree in Sociology. Which is how I naively got into that silly topic. And that’s..
“How Can They Say No?”: Understanding the Perspectives of Power in PhD Advisor-Advisee Relationships
No full textIn the advisor-advisee relationship, there is a hierarchy that is established between faculty and PhD students. This power dynamic is favorable for faculty but leaves students vulnerable to circumstances of power abuse. A symptom of power abuse is academic victimization— harassment that occurs within academia. However, while victimization is a problem, the core issue is whether all parties involved perceive and are aware of their own and each other’s power or lack thereof. Yet, research on PhD student and faculty perspectives of power is limited and the focus is often on the student perspective (Aguinis et al., 1996; Cook et al., 2018; Jones, 2013; Hemer, 2012). Therefore, to reduce the gaps in the literature, I applied Phenomenology and Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) to collect and analyze student and faculty perspectives of power through the social media platform, Reddit and interviews. Findings of the data corpus indicated that students and faculty had varying levels of perception and awareness of power, which contributed to their understanding of intent and impact on student success. Theoretical implications of this dissertation offer insight on research and policy opportunities to investigate how power dynamics are understood in the advisor-advisee relationship
The coevolution of renewable resources and institutions - implications for policy design
No full text This PhD thesis studies how natural renewable resources and institutions governing those resources mutually influence each other. Theoretical models are developed in which members of a small community have joint access to a common pool resource. We analyze under which circumstances social norms of cooperation evolve that effectively regulate resource exploitation, but also when those social norms break down, identifying obstacles for community governance. Furthermore, in the light of biological and social complexity this thesis analyzes how governmental policy should be designed if self-governance is not sufficient to protect the resource stock. The insights obtained are applied to the case of Arcto-Norwegian cod. An optimal management plan is developed that can be adapted to several policy objectives concerning the utilization of the fleet. In addition, management advice is given for the case that harvesting may trigger an evolutionary response of the fish stock. </p
Three Essays on Financial Economics
No full textPractitioners in finance have been trying to either maximize their fortunes or
minimize any unlucky outcomes;say, Beat the market. The uncertainty is always
something to fear or to overcome in financial market in order to beat the market.
The price of assets seems unpredictable in a short-time interval, though academics
consider market price would stay at equilibrium in the long-run, as reflecting fundamentals
in the end. As “Efficiency of Financial Market” says; price of assets reveals
all relevant information. The continuous-time random walk is successfully taken as
close as tracking down the asset price movements. Moreover, a regime-switching between
good versus bad state abruptly occurs over the business cycle (or the financial
cycle). Hence, two key theoretical devices used to model risk in finance are first, to
acknowledge that we see the movements of asset price micmic a random walk in a
continuous manner and second, to acknowledge that we observe the state of a world
seems to switch from one to another regime. In this thesis, I investigate how time
variation in risks and uncertainty affects firm’s funding decisions as well as market’s
aggregates movements
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
'She's a F**king ticket':the pragmatics of f**k in Irish English - an age and gender perspective
No full textIn this paper, I examine the pragmatics of FUCK in terms of age and gender inan Irish English context. The paper aims to explore sociolinguistic variationin the use of this taboo form by using quantitative and qualitative corpusbasedtools and methodologies, which include relative frequency lists andconcordances, as well as details of formulaic strings, including significantclusters. I show that FUCK is a high-frequency item in everyday talk. Iillustrate that, in terms of age and gender, FUCK occurs most frequentlyamong male speakers in their twenties. I also focus on fucking as anextremely emotionally charged form that is a high frequency item in theinteractions of both the males in their twenties and the males in theirforties. I note that the use of this form brings a certain dramatic intensityor dynamism to their discourse. I attribute this intensity to being a feature ofhow males interact. I conclude by discussing other variables at play in thedata
Publishing Trends in Economics across Colleges and Universities, 1991-2007
No full textThere is good reason to think that non-elite programs in economics may be producing relatively more research than in the past: Research expectations have been ramped-up at non-PhD institutions and new information technologies have changed the way academic knowledge is produced and exchanged. This study investigates this question by examining publishing productivity in economics (and business) using data from the Web of Science (Knowledge) for a broad set of institutions – both elite and non-elite – over a 17-year period, from 1991 through 2007. Institutions are grouped into six tiers using a variety of sources. The analysis provides evidence that non-elite institutions are gaining on their more elite counterparts, but the magnitude of the gains are small. Thus, the story is more of constancy than of change, even in the face of changing technology and rising research expectations.higher education, research productivity, publishing trends, inequality
- …
