4,823 research outputs found
Seabed foraging by Antarctic krill: Implications for stock assessment, bentho-pelagic coupling, and the vertical transfer of iron
No full textA compilation of more than 30 studies shows that adult Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) may frequent benthic habitats year-round, in shelf as well as oceanic waters and throughout their circumpolar range. Net and acoustic data from the Scotia Sea show that in summer 2-20% of the population reside at depths between 200 and 2000 m, and that large aggregations can form above the seabed. Local differences in the vertical distribution of krill indicate that reduced feeding success in surface waters, either due to predator encounter or food shortage, might initiate such deep migrations and results in benthic feeding. Fatty acid and microscopic analyses of stomach content confirm two different foraging habitats for Antarctic krill: the upper ocean, where fresh phytoplankton is the main food source, and deeper water or the seabed, where detritus and copepods are consumed. Krill caught in upper waters retain signals of benthic feeding, suggesting frequent and dynamic exchange between surface and seabed. Krill contained up to 260 nmol iron per stomach when returning from seabed feeding. About 5% of this iron is labile, i.e., potentially available to phytoplankton. Due to their large biomass, frequent benthic feeding, and acidic digestion of particulate iron, krill might facilitate an input of new iron to Southern Ocean surface waters. Deep migrations and foraging at the seabed are significant parts of krill ecology, and the vertical fluxes involved in this behavior are important for the coupling of benthic and pelagic food webs and their elemental repositories
Task-oriented progressive resistance strength training improves muscle strength and functional performance in individuals with stroke.
No full textSC
The physiological roles of primary phospholipase C
No full textThe roles of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) have been extensively investigated in diverse cell lines and pathological conditions. Among the PLC isozmes, primary PLCs, PLC-β and PLC-γ, are directly activated by receptor activation, unlike other secondary PLCs (PLC-ɛ, PLC-δ1, and PLC-η1). PLC-β isozymes are activated by G protein couple receptor and PLC-γ isozymes are activated by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Primary PLCs are differentially expressed in different tissues, suggesting their specific roles in diverse tissues and regulate a variety of physiological and pathophysiological functions. Thus, dysregulation of phospholipases contributes to a number of human diseases and primary PLCs have been identified as therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment of diseases. Here we review the roles of primary PLCs in physiology and their impact in pathology
군날개에서 생체 접착제와 최소 결막 봉합을 사용한 양막이식술과 자가결막이식술의 임상결과
No full textPurpose: We compared clinical outcomes including recurrence rate between amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) and conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue and minimal conjunctival sutures for pterygium surgery. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 217 eyes of 198 patients with pterygia who underwent surgery from May 2016 to December 2019. Pterygium excision was performed with conjunctival autograft or AMT, using fibrin glue with both. Recurrence rates and complications were evaluated between the two groups. Results: Postoperative recurrences were noted in one of 185 eyes (0.5%) in the conjunctival autograft group, and in six of 32 eyes (18.8%) in the AMT group. The recurrence rate was significantly lower in the conjunctival autograft group (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that conjunctival autograft was associated with a significantly lower risk of pterygium recurrence compared to AMT (odds ratio, 0.023; 95% confidence interval, 0.003-0.206; p = 0.001). No ocular complication was noted in both groups during follow-up. Conclusions: Pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue was more effective in preventing recurrence compared to AMT.목적: 군날개 절제 후 노출된 공막을 덮어주기 위하여 결막 봉합 혹은 생체 접착제를 이용한 결막피판술, 자가결막이식술, 양막이식술 등이 사용되고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 생체 접착제와 최소 결막 봉합을 사용한 양막이식술과 자가결막이식술을 이용한 군날개수술의 임상결과를 알아보고자 하였다.
대상과 방법: 2016년 5월부터 2019년 12월까지 군날개절제술 및 양막이식술 또는 자가결막이식술을 시행받은 군날개 환자 198명, 217안의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 임상결과를 비교하였다. 양 군에서 재발률과 합병증 발생 빈도를 조사하였고, 군날개 재발과 관련된 위험인자를 분석하였다.
결과: 군날개 재발은 자가결막이식술 군에서 185안 중 1안(0.5%), 양막이식술 군에서 32안 중 6명(18.8%)에서 재발하여, 자가결막이식술 군의 재발률이 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.001). 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 자가결막이식술에서 양막이식술에 비하여 유의하게 군날개 재발 위험이 낮았다(odd ratio, 0.023; 95% 신뢰구간, 0.003-0.206; p=0.001). 경과 관찰 중 화농육아종, 양막 탈락, 결막편 탈락, 공막 괴사 등의 다른 안과적 합병증은 발생하지 않았다.
결론: 군날개수술에서 생체 접착제를 사용한 자가결막이식술이 생체 접착제를 사용한 양막이식술과 비교하여 재발률이 낮아 임상적으로 보다 유용한 수술 방법으로 사료된다
Increased nucleolar organizer regions in bronchial epithelium nearby bronchogenic carcinomas.
No full textNatural and anthropogenic forest fires recorded in the Holocene pollen record from a Jinchuan peat bog, northeastern China
No full textPollen and charcoal particles from a Jinchuan peat (northeastern China) were examined to investigate the fire origin and interaction between
climate, vegetation, fire and human activity during the Holocene. Pollen results show that: (i) a broadleaved deciduous forest was dominant during
the early Holocene; (ii) from ~5500 cal. yr B.P. there was a gradual increase in coniferous trees (mainly Pinus), and a decrease in broadleaved
deciduous trees (e.g. Quercus, Juglans, and Ulmus–Zelkova); (iii) after ~4200 cal. yr B.P., the deciduous forest was replaced by a mixed forest of
coniferous and deciduous trees; (iv) coniferous trees including Pinus, Abies and Picea further increased after ~2000 cal. yr B.P., reflecting a
cooler and drier climate after ~5500–4200 cal. yr B.P. Two layers of abundant microfossil charcoal particles (250–10 μm) and the coexistence of
macrofossil particles (N2 mm) suggest two local fires: fire event 1 (5120±66 cal. yr B.P.) and fire event 2 (1288±8 cal. yr B.P., AD 662±8).
Charcoal layer 1, with a large amount of Monolete psilate spores, is superimposed on the long-term trend of vegetation changes, indicating a
natural origin for fire event 1 that was probably facilitated by drying environmental conditions since the mid-Holocene. Cerealia-type pollen and a
low percentage of Monolete psilate spores were observed in charcoal layer 2, indicating that fire event 2 was caused by clearing. We suggest that
fire event 2 may be related to the spread of the Han farming culture accompanied by the territorial expansion of the Tang Dynasty to the studied
area in AD 668
Prospective comparison of short and long GnRH agonist protocols using recombinant gonadotrophins for IVF/ICSI treatments
No full textFeasibility and clinical utility of stone extraction balloon catheter-assisted endoscopic stenting for malignant distal duodenal and proximal jejunal obstruction (with video)
No full textBACKGROUND: Endoscopic stenting for malignant distal duodenal and jejunal obstructions is challenging because the length of conventional gastroscopes is insufficient to reach the obstruction point. A fully inflated balloon catheter freely navigates the duodenum and jejunum without causing bowel injury by burying the catheter tip. It easily changes its direction for guidewire relocation, conforming to the angulation of the small bowel flexures. This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of stone extraction balloon catheter-assisted endoscopic stenting for malignant distal duodenal and proximal jejunal obstructions. METHODS: Patients with malignant distal duodenal or jejunal obstructions who underwent stone extraction balloon catheter-assisted duodenal stenting between January 2015 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: We evaluated 30 patients in this study. Pancreatic cancer is the primary cause of duodenal obstruction, with the third portion of the duodenum being the most common obstruction site. Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases, and the clinical success rate was 100%. The median procedure time was 35 min, and the mean gastric outlet obstruction score (GOOSS) improved from 1.20 (pre-procedure) to 2.87 (post-procedure). Early stent migration was encountered in one patient. During follow-up, stent dysfunction was noted in nine (30%) patients, and the overall stent patency time was 145 days. CONCLUSION: Stone extraction balloon catheter-assisted endoscopic stenting is an effective and reproducible technique for treating malignant distal duodenal and jejunal obstructions
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