826,226 research outputs found
Abstraction Refinement Guided by a Learnt Probabilistic Model
Full text linkThe core challenge in designing an effective static program analysis is to find a good program abstraction -- one that retains only details relevant to a given query. In this paper, we present a new approach for automatically finding such an abstraction. Our approach uses a pessimistic strategy, which can optionally use guidance from a probabilistic model. Our approach applies to parametric static analyses implemented in Datalog, and is based on counterexample-guided abstraction refinement. For each untried abstraction, our probabilistic model provides a probability of success, while the size of the abstraction provides an estimate of its cost in terms of analysis time. Combining these two metrics, probability and cost, our refinement algorithm picks an optimal abstraction. Our probabilistic model is a variant of the Erdos-Renyi random graph model, and it is tunable by what we call hyperparameters. We present a method to learn good values for these hyperparameters, by observing past runs of the analysis on an existing codebase. We evaluate our approach on an object sensitive pointer analysis for Java programs, with two client analyses (PolySite and Downcast)
Participation of c-FLIP in NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation
No full textCellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is an inhibitor of caspase-8 and is required for macrophage survival. Recent studies have revealed a selective role of caspase-8 in noncanonical IL-1 beta production that is independent of caspase-1 or inflammasome. Here we demonstrated that c-FLIPL is an unexpected contributor to canonical inflammasome activation for the generation of caspase-1 and active IL-1 beta. Hemizygotic deletion of c-FLIP impaired ATP-and monosodium uric acid (MSU)-induced IL-1 beta production in macrophages primed through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Decreased IL-1 beta expression was attributed to a reduced activation of caspase-1 in c-FLIP hemizygotic cells. In contrast, the production of TNF-alpha was not affected by downregulation in c-FLIP. c-FLIPL interacted with NLRP3 or procaspase-1. c-FLIP is required for the full NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and NLRP3 mitochondrial localization, and c-FLIP is associated with NLRP3 inflammasome. c-FLIP downregulation also reduced AIM2 inflammasome activation. In contrast, c-FLIP inhibited SMAC mimetic-, FasL-, or Dectin-1-induced IL-1 beta generation that is caspase-8-mediated. Our results demonstrate a prominent role of c-FLIPL in the optimal activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, and suggest that c-FLIP could be a valid target for treatment of inflammatory diseases caused by over-activation of inflammasomes
Digital-twin-based active input refinement for insertion loss estimation and QoT optimization in C and C + L networks
Full text linkQuality of transmission (QoT) prediction is a fundamental function in optical networks. It is typically embedded within a digital twin and used for operational tasks, including service establishment, service rerouting, and (per-channel or per-amplifier) power management to optimize the working point of services and hence to maximize their capacity. Inaccuracy in QoT prediction results in additional, unwanted design margins. A key contributor to QoT inaccuracy is the uncertain knowledge of fiber insertion loss, e.g., the attenuation due to connector losses at the beginning or at the end of each fiber span, as such loss cannot be directly monitored. Indeed, insertion losses drive the choice of the launch power in fiber spans, which in turn drive key physical effects, including the Kerr and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects, which affect services’ QoT. It is thus important to estimate (and detect possibly anomalous) fiber insertion losses at each span. We thereby propose a novel active input refinement (AIR) technique using active probing to estimate insertion losses in C and C
L systems. Here, active probing consists of adjusting amplifier gains span by span to slightly alter SRS. The amount of adjustment must be sufficient to be measurable (such that insertion losses can be inferred from the measures) but small enough to have a negligible impact on running services in a live network. The method is validated by simulations on a European network with 30 optical multiplex sections (OMSs) in C and C
L configurations and by lab experiments on a C-band network, demonstrating that AIR significantly improves insertion loss estimation, network QoT optimization, and QoT prediction compared with other state-of-the-art monitoring techniques. This work underscores the critical role of accurate estimation of QoT inputs in enhancing optical network performance
Quench characteristics of a Cu-Stabilized 2G HTS conductor
No full textThe prospect of medium/high field superconducting magnets using 2G HTS tapes is approaching to reality with continued enhancement in the performance of these conductors. Direct measurements of 1d adiabatic quench initiation and propagation of a Cu-stabilized 2G conductor have been carried out with spatial-temporal recording of temperature and voltage following the deposition of various local heat pulses to the conductor at different temperatures between 40K and 64K carrying different transport currents. It was found that the stabilizer-free 2G tape maintains the unique characteristics previously measured in non-stabilized tape of increasing MPZ with transport current and higher quench energy at lower temperatures. The minimum quench energy, minimum propagation zone (MPZ) length are determined as a function of temperature and transport current. The change in MPZ size is investigated with measured temperature dependent E-J characteristics. The results add more detail to help understand the unique characteristics of increasing MPZ with transport current and lower temperatures
Evolutionary computation in dynamic and uncertain environments
Full text linkThis book can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2007 Springer-Verla
Sedimentation rates, nitrogen and phosphorus retentions in the largest urban Lake Donghu, China
No full textSediment core samples were collected in the largest urban Lake Donghu (Stations I and II) in China, and the activities of 210Pb, 226Ra and 137Cs were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry. The sedimentation rates, calculated by 210Pb constant rate of supply (CRS) model, ranged from 0.11 to 0.65 (average 0.39) cm. y-1at Station I, and from 0.21 to 0.78 (average 0.46) cm. y-1at Station II. Sedimentation rate calculated by 137Cs as a time marker was 0.55 cm. y-1at Station II. Based on the average sedimentation rate, we obtained 769 and 147 t. y-1for nitrogen and phosphorus retentions in Lake Donghu sediments, respectively. <br/
On super form factors of half-BPS operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills
Full text linkOpen Access, (c) The Authors. Article funded by SCOAP3. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy on YBa2Cu3Oy/PrBa2Cu3Oy/YBa2Cu3Oy sandwiched junctions and YBa2Cu3Oy/Y0.5Pr0.5Ba2Cu3Oy superlattices
No full textElectrochemical Detection of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Based on Biomimic Design of Electroactive Nanoassembly Multilayers
No full textIn this study, the gold electrode was modified with a ferrocene-terminated alkanethiol and phospholipid complex layer, which is designed and fabricated to serve as a C-reactive protein sensor using electrochemical determination. The scope of this research is to know whether a ferrocene-terminated self-assembled monolayer and hydrogenated phosphocholine hybrid bilayer could be used to perform C-reactive protein detection or not. After a series of experiments, the result shows that mixed electroactive SAM can facilitate electrons transferring from the solution to the electrode. And after coating phospholipids, this phenomenon seems to be hindered from the electrode. But this provoked small electrical signal of the recognition layer still allows for further usage. According to the result, it can be used to measure C-reactive protein and its electrochemical property and the changes of the electrode's electron transfer ability are characterized by cyclic voltammetry. This study demonstrates self-assembled ferrocene-terminated alkanethiol and phospholipid complex structure has potential as a C-reactive protein sensor and is stable to detect in the aqueous phase.補正完
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