106,545 research outputs found
Fabbisogni energetici per edifici caratterizzanti il terziario in Italia: aspetti termici ed illuminotecnici
No full textIl presente lavoro verte sull'individuazione di benchmark di fabbisogno energetico per edifici di riferimento con destinazione d'uso non-residenziale. In particolare, si intende fornire profili tipo di domanda energetica per l'illuminazione artificiale, al fine di valutarne l'effetto sui profili di fabbisogno di energia per la climatizzazione estiva ed invernale, nonché di individuare le variabili che maggiormente incidono sulla loro determinazione. Per giungere a questi risultati, ci si avvale dell'uso di programmi informatici di simulazione dinamica riconosciuti ed impiegati a livello scientifico, in ambito europeo ed extraeuropeo (Energy Plus). La ricerca viene condotta sotto vari aspetti: architettonico, energetico e ambientale. Il primo obiettivo, partendo dalle indicazioni bibliografiche, legislative e normative, è quello di caratterizzare in modo univoco gli edifici di riferimento per le varie destinazioni d'uso oggetto di analisi: edifici per l'istruzione, ed edifici terziari. Gli edifici di riferimento intendono costituire archetipi rappresentativi del patrimonio edilizio italiano. Il secondo obiettivo è di tipo energetico: si intende definire profili tipo di domanda energetica per l'illuminazione artificiale degli ambienti. Si intendono inoltre valutare contestualmente i fabbisogni energetici netti per il riscaldamento e il raffrescamento degli ambienti. L'obiettivo finale è riuscire a determinare le migliori soluzioni progettuali per la minimizzazione del fabbisogno di energia connesso all'illuminazione, in relazione alle destinazioni d'uso dei differenti edifici, nonché le variabili che più incidono per indirizzare al meglio le attenzioni progettuali in caso di nuova realizzazione. Il presente lavoro, dopo un primo inquadramento generale in cui si delinea quello che è lo stato dell'arte della valutazione dei fabbisogni energetici e della ricerca scientifica in materia di illuminazione artificiale di ambienti non residenziali, passa poi ad indagare il significato di archetipo e a definire degli archetipi edilizi per il patrimonio immobiliare costruito a destinazione d'uso scolastica e terziaria. Successivamente vengono descritti i modelli di calcolo impiegati e sono dettagliati i dati di input impiegati per la loro definizione. Sono infine esplicati i risultati ottenuti, con individuazione dei valori di benchmark energetico per gli archetipi edilizi scolastici e terziari, e con l'analisi di quelle che sono le grandezze maggiormente influenti sul fabbisogno energetico per illuminazion
Wernya hamigigantea Xue, Yang & Han 2012
No full textWernya hamigigantea Xue, Yang & Han, 2012 Wernya hamigigantea Xue, Yang & Han, 2012: 350, 353, figs 1, 2, 7, 8. Type-locality: China, Hainan, Ledong. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS). Distribution. China (Hainan).Published as part of Jiang, Nan, Yang, Chao, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang, 2015, An updated checklist of Thyatirinae (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) from China, with descriptions of one new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3941 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3941.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28820
Wernya cyrtoma Xue, Yang & Han 2012
No full textWernya cyrtoma Xue, Yang & Han, 2012 Wernya cyrtoma Xue, Yang & Han, 2012: 350, 355, figs 5, 6, 11, 12, 14. Type-locality: China, Fujian, Mt. Wuyi. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS). Distribution. China (Jiangxi, Fujian).Published as part of Jiang, Nan, Yang, Chao, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang, 2015, An updated checklist of Thyatirinae (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) from China, with descriptions of one new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3941 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3941.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28820
DIETARY CONDITIONS AND DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS TO FOOD RESOURCES AMONG THE VARIOUS CLASSES DURING THE HAN PERIOD
No full textIn this thesis, I study how food resources and dietary conditions were determined by social and economic status during the Han period in China, B.C. 206~A.D.220. Even though earlier scholars have published research concerning the Chinese food culture of this period, these studies were limited in that they only illustrated the dietary culture of the upper class or the available food resources in one geographic area. Also, without any persuasive data, it has been assumed by these earlier scholars that there were big differences in food resources and food consumption between the upper and lower classes. In this thesis, for comparison among the classes, I divide the social and economic classes into five stratified groups: nobles, officials, peasants, soldiers and convicts. After a brief introduction of the nature of each social class, I examine the food resources and nutritional condition of each group using information such as the wealth and income of each group, the market price of food resources, the agricultural products of peasants, and the amount of food distribution to soldiers and convicts. I found these data from archaeological remains, received historical records and pictorial data, and excavated texts. This research shows a broader view of Chinese dietary condition focusing not only on the variety of food resources of nobles, but also on the different food accessibilities among the officials, and the food deficiencies of peasants. It also deals with the situations of food supply for soldiers and convicts in an effort to reveal the true dietary consumption and nutritional conditions for all Chinese. This research proves that the various classes during the Han period in China had different food resources and dietary conditions
Electronic Structure Of Ruo
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The laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) excitation spectra of jet-cooled ruthenium monoxide (RuO) molecule in the gas phase have been investigated in the range of 13,800 to 19,250 cm. As shown in the figure, a total of sixteen vibronic bands were experimentally observed and grouped into the transition systems from the ground and states to six excited electronic states, labeled as , , , , , . The spin-orbit splitting and the rotational constants in the lower and upper states were obtained accurately by the rotationally and isotopically resolved LIF spectra. In addition, the single-vibronic-level (SVL) emission spectra from the excited states were recorded, and the vibrational constants in the ground and states were obtained. Our results are sufficiently reliable and accurate to guide spectroscopists on further studies of RuO molecule
cis,cis-[(bpy)(2)(RuO)-O-V](2)O4+ catalyzes water oxidation formally via in situ generation of radicaloid Ru-IV-O center dot
No full textThe mechanism of the catalytic oxidation of water by cis, cis-[(bpy)(2)Ru(OH2)](2)O4+ to give molecular dioxygen was investigated using Density Functional Theory ( DFT). A series of four oxidation and four deprotonation events generate the catalytically competent species cis, cis-[(bpy)(2)(RuO)-O-V](2)O4+, which breaks the H-OH bond homolytically at the rate determining transition state to give a hydroperoxo intermediate. Our calculations predict a rate determining activation barrier of 25.9 kcal/mol in solution phase, which is in reasonable agreement with the previously reported experimental estimate of 18.7-23.3 kcal/mol. A number of plausible coupling schemes of the two metal sites including strong coupling, weak ferromagnetic and weak antiferromagnetic coupling have been considered. In addition, both high-spin and low-spin states at each of the Ru(V)-d(3) centers were explored and we found that the high-spin states play an important mechanistic role. Our calculations suggest that cis, cis-[(bpy)(2)(RuO)-O-V](2)O4+ performs formally an intramolecular ligand-to-metal charge transfer when reacting with water to formally give a cis, cis-[(bpy)(2)(RuO)-O-IV center dot](2)O4+ complex. We propose that the key characteristic of the diruthenium catalyst that allows it to accomplish the most difficult first two oxidations of the overall four-electron redox reaction is directly associated with this in situ generation of two radicaloid oxo moieties that promote the water splitting reaction. A proton coupled metal-to-metal charge transfer follows to yield a Ru(V)/Ru(III) peroxo/aqua mixed valence complex, which performs the third redox reaction to give the superoxo/aqua complex. Finally, intersystem crossing to a ferromagnetically coupled Ru(IV)/Ru(III) superoxo/aqua species is predicted, which will then promote the last redox event to release triplet dioxygen as the final product. A number of key features of the computed mechanism are explored in detail to derive a conceptual understanding of the catalytic mechanism
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Highly reversible Li 2 RuO 3 cathodes in sulfide-based all solid-state lithium batteries
No full textHighly reversible oxygen redox chemistry of Li 2 RuO 3 enabled by a stabilizing electrode–electrolyte interphase with sulfide solid electrolyte.
The practical application of high-capacity lithium-rich cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries has been largely restricted by severe side reactions with electrolytes. Herein, we report a highly stable lithium-rich Li 2 RuO 3 cathode by forming a passivating solid electrolyte interphase at the interface with a sulfide solid electrolyte such as Li 6 PS 5 Cl in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), which efficiently suppresses serious parasitic interfacial reactions and fast-increasing interfacial impedance normally observed in liquid electrolytes. The exceptionally high interfacial stability of the Li 2 RuO 3 /sulfide electrolyte interface contributes to a high reversible capacity of 257 mA h g −1 of Li 2 RuO 3 at 0.05C rate, and unprecedented cycling stability with 90% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1C rate. Comprehensive experimental characterizations and first-principles calculations disclose that electronically insulating interfacial reaction products forming at the interface between the Li 2 RuO 3 cathode and Li 6 PS 5 Cl facilitate the formation of a stable and passivating interphase and block the continuous side reactions. Importantly, reversible oxygen redox activity of Li 2 RuO 3 is well-maintained in this configuration of ASSLBs even after 600 cycles, thus the common voltage decay of the Li-rich material is also significantly reduced. These new discoveries demonstrate the critical role of interface design for achieving prolonged cycling stability of lithium-rich cathode materials
Anomalous Antiferromagnetism in Metallic RuO₂ Determined by Resonant X-ray Scattering
No full textWe studied the magnetic ordering of thin films and bulk crystals of rutile RuO₂ using resonant x-ray scattering across the Ru L₂ absorption edge. Combining polarization analysis and azimuthal angle dependence of the magnetic Bragg signal, we have established the presence and characteristic of collinear antiferromagnetism in RuO₂ with T_{N}>300 K. In addition to revealing a spin-ordered ground state in the simplest ruthenium oxide compound, the persistence of magnetic order even in nanometer-thick films lays the ground for potential applications of RuO₂ in antiferromagnetic spintronics.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Through Massachusetts Institute of Technology Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, DMR-1419807)Alfred P. Sloan FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (Early Postdoc.Mobility Fellowship Project No. P2FRP2_171824)United States. Department of Energy. Office of Science. Basic Energy Sciences (Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357)United States. Department of Energy. Division of Materials Sciences and Engineerin
Repairing CAD model errors based on the design history
No full textFor users of CAD data, few things are as frustrating as receiving unusable, poor quality data. Users often waste time fixing or rebuilding such data from scratch on the basis of paper drawings. While previous studies use the boundary representation (B-Rep) of CAD models, we propose an approach to repairing CAD model errors that is based on the design history. CAD model errors can be corrected by an interdependency analysis of the feature commands or of the parametric data of each feature command, as well as by a reconstruction of the feature commands through rule-based reasoning of an expert system. Unlike other correction methods based on B-Rep models, our method repairs parametric feature models without translating them to a B-Rep shape, and it also preserves parametric information. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.by the Korea Research Foundation Gran
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