3,268 research outputs found
Challenging teachers’ pedagogical approaches : professional learning for Mandarin teachers in England and Scotland
No full textOver the past decade, the United Kingdom (UK) has experienced increasing demand for learning Mandarin. However, the field of teaching Mandarin as a foreign language remains underdeveloped. For example, in-service teachers, many of whom are native speakers, have limited formal training and lack context-specific knowledge. This study explores the impact of a subject-specific professional learning (PL) programme for Mandarin teachers (N = 41) with a focus on their understanding of pedagogical content knowledge and professional dialogue. Data were collected through surveys and artefacts. The study found that Mandarin teachers recognised the importance of PL. However, regular and subject-specific training was not readily available at the time of this research. Findings also revealed a significant lack of context-sensitive and Mandarin-specific pedagogical knowledge, although most of the teachers demonstrated conceptual and pedagogical growth after the workshop. We conclude this article by proposing a nationwide PL resource consortium to foster collaborations for in-service Mandarin teachers in the UK
Research on Singapore mathematics curriculum and textbooks: searching for reasons behind students’ outstanding performance
No full textOver the last 15 or so years, the Singapore mathematics curriculum and textbooks have attracted a considerable amount of attention internationally,particularly from educational researchers, reformers and policy makers. This phenomenon is closely related to people’s interest in searching for the reasons for Singapore students’ outstanding performances in well referred international comparative studies, such as The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). This chapter is intended to provide readers with an overall look at the development of the Singapore mathematics curriculum and textbooks and research that have been carried out over the last decades on these two related areas, and discuss relevant issues concerning mathematics curriculum and textbook development
Cultural identities as reflected in the literature of the Northern and Southern dynasties period (4th-6th centuries A.D.)
No full textDuring the period of the Northern and Southern dynasties of China identity questions became serious in a society thrown into disorder by political, religious and ethnic problems. This thesis uses three books written in the sixth century to
discuss how educated Chinese faced identity problems and how they dealt with them.
The Buddhist monk Huijiao, dealt with the problems of sinifying a foreign religion. He constructed many different identities in addition to the Buddhist one for the monks in his book Gaoseng zhuan, (Lives of Eminent Monks), a collection of biographies of Buddhist monks, to bring Buddhism closer to Chinese tradition and more acceptable by Confucian standards. Through the identity construction he
also made responses to anti-Buddhist ideas.
Yang Xuanzhi's Luoyang qielan ji, (Record of the Monasteries of Luoyang), deals with the identity problems of Chinese officials serving a Xianbei regime in
the north and of the short-lived capital of the Northern Wei in Luoyang. Yang reconstructed a Chinese identity for the lost capital as a true heir of Chinese tradition, as were the emperors, princes and officials who lived there. He created an identity defined not by ethnicity but by culture.
Yan Zhitui's Tanshi jiaxun, (Family Instruction of the Yan Clan), is a book which tells his descendants how to construct and maintain the future identity of his
own family. He drew on his own experience of recovering from repeated political catastrophes to set out an identity that would help the family to survive disordered times and maintain their status in society
Photoelectro-chemical properties of anilino squaraine derivatives in LB films
No full textPhotocurrent generation from Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) overlays on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes, where the active components are 2,4-bis[4-(dibutylamino)-2-hydroxyphenyl]squaraine (1) and the unsubstituted analogue, 2,4-bis[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl]squaraine (2), have been investigated. Dye 1 shows improved behaviour compared with the latter and differences in performance are attributed to a modified aggregate structure, this being indicated by variations in the LB film spectra. The photocurrent generation is enhanced by the presence of electron accepters, e.g. N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium diiodide (MV2+), but quenched by electron donors, e.g. hydroquinone (HQ). The concentration dependence is reported
Comments on author citations for nomenclatural novelties published in volume 15 of the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS)
No full textTextbook research in mathematics education: development status and directions
No full textThis paper presents a survey study aiming to systematically examine, analyse and review relevant research focusing on mathematics textbooks and hence identify future directions in this field of research. The literature surveyed is selected from different data sources, including mainly journal articles, research theses and conference proceedings. The survey revealed that important progress has been made over the last few decades in mathematics textbook research, though the major achievement has been concentrated in the areas of textbook analysis (including textbook comparison), and the use of textbooks in teaching and learning. It is overall no longer true that the textbook research in mathematics is “scattered, inconclusive, and often trivial” as described six decades ago; however, the development of research on mathematics textbooks has been unbalanced in different areas. Following the review and discussion, the paper proposes five needed directions for advancing the research in this field
How have Chinese students performed in mathematics? A perspective from large-scale international mathematics comparisons
No full textProcessed InShaPe dataset: large-scale multi-shape phase retrieval dataset for PBF-LB/M laser beam shaping SLM phase mask estimation
No full textCopyright claim: This dataset, the "Processed InShaPe dataset for FourierGSNet" is modified from the original InShaPe dataset [1] published by the publication "Deep learning based phase retrieval with complex beam shapes for beam shape correction" [2] under the terms and conditions of CC BY 4.0 License Modifications from the original InShaPe dataset: This dataset and the original InShaPe dataset are both paired dataset. The pairs in the original InShaPe dataset are: 12 Zernike coefficients - 3 intensity images; but the pairs in this dataset are modified from the original corresponding sample in InShaPe dataset to be: 1 Phase map - 1 intensity image. Along with the original InShaPe dataset, Yan, et al. also publicly released six optical simulation scripts [3] (also under CC BY 4.0 License) that generated the subsets of the six beam shapes. We used the Zernike coefficients given in the original InShaPe dataset of Yan, et al. to re-run the simulations and reproduced the aberrated SLM phase maps and distorted beam shape images in original size 1281×1281. We crop reproduced phase maps and beam shape images around the aperture to reduce matrices size to 427×427 to accelerate trainings. Therefore, each paired sample of the processed InShaPe dataset is an aberrated SLM phase map serving as the ground truth (supervision label) and a distorted beam shape intensity image serving as the input for phase retrieval. The same data processing is conducted on the six subsets of the six beam shapes, respectively, to obtain the same six training sets and test sets as original dataset. References: [1] Shengyuan Yan (2025). Large-scale multi-beamshape phase retrieval dataset based on Zernike coefficients for PBF-LB/M systems. Optica Publishing Group. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27650703.v1 [2] Shengyuan Yan, Richard Off, Anil Bora Yayak, Katrin Wudy, Anoush Aghajani-Talesh, Markus Birg, Jonas Grünewald, Mike Holenderski, and Nirvana Meratnia (2025). Deep learning based phase retrieval with complex beam shapes for beam shape correction. Optics Express, 33, 10806-10834, https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.547138 [3] Shengyuan Yan (2025). Codes for optical simulation, deep learning models training and testing, and the simulation-assisted analysis of aberration detection and beam shape correction accuracies for PBF-LB/M systems. Optica Publishing Group. Software. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27650946.v1 This simulated dataset containing six beam shapes is used for training and testing on the complex forward path application, PBF-LB/M beam shaping system, in our paper "Efficient Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm deep unrolling for phase retrieval with complex forward path". In this dataset, there are 6 sub-datasets stored in 6 zip folders named by "dense+[beamshape name]+30k_pre.zip". For each beam shape, the trainging set and the test set has 10000 and 3000 pairs of aberrated PBF-LB/M beam shape samples, respectively. Each paired sample contains one intensity profile of the aberrated beam shape in an imaging plane 5 times Rayleigh length before the back focal plane and one corresponding aberrated SLM phase mask that generated the aberrated beam shape. The aberrations in the paired samples are modelled with linear combination of Zernike polynomials amplified by randomly sampled Zernike coefficients.In order for the convenience of distributing the dataset, this repository does not contain the simulated paired samples. Instead, we give the original Zernike coefficients stored in Numpy array .npy files and the corresponding simulation script so that the users can run the simulation to reproduce the entire dataset
Learning theories and interprofessional education: a user's guide
No full textThere is increasing interest in the theoretical underpinning of interprofessional education (IPE) and writers in this field are drawing on a wide range of disciplines for theories that have utility in IPE. While this has undoubtedly enriched the research literature, for the educational practitioner, whose aim is to develop and deliver an IPE curriculum that has sound theoretical underpinnings, this plethora of theories has become a confusing, and un-navigable quagmire. This article aims to provide a compass for those educational practitioners by presenting a framework that summarizes key learning theories used in IPE and the relationship between them. The study reviews key contemporary learning theories from the wider field of education used in IPE and the explicit applications of these theories in the IPE literature to either curriculum design or programme evaluation. Through presenting a broad overview and summary framework, the study clarifies the way in which learning theories can aid IPE curriculum development and evaluation. It also highlights areas where future theoretical development in the IPE field is required
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