147,523 research outputs found
Vartiania beludzhi Yakovlev & Saldaitis 2016, sp. nov.
No full textVartiania beludzhi Yakovlev & Saldaitis sp. nov. (Figs. 1−3) Material: Holotype ♂, Pakistan, Sindh prov., Naukot (mithi) park, 2008, leg. Azeemi (Museum Witt, München); paratype: 1 ♀, same data (Museum Witt, München). Description. Male. Forewing length 14 mm. Thorax and abdomen densely covered with grey hairs. Antenna simple, shaft. Forewing grey, with faint pattern of black, thin, undulated bands in postdiscal and submarginal areas. Fringe unicolorous grey. Hindwing pale grey with indistinct pattern of thin, dark grey stripes in submarginal area and at anal margin. Fringe pale, grey at anal area of hindwing. Male genitalia. Uncus relatively wide, with strongly sclerotized apex and lateral margins; tegumen of medium size; thickness of gnathos branches unusual, relatively short, strongly sclerotized, clavate at apices; gnathos poorly sclerotized, small; juxta saddle-shaped, very large, strongly sclerotized, with long, wide, laterodorsally directed processes; width of valva usual, slightly narrowed caudally, proximal 3/4 of the valval length sclerotized, distal fourth membranous, zone between sclerotized and membranous areas delineated by strong subapical sclerotized ridge; valvae asymmetric—right one with comb at costal margin, left one with slight protuberance at costal margin; valvae split through membrane; saccus semispherical, large; phallus slightly shorter than valval length, straight, strongly sclerotized, with thickening at pointed apex (dorsal surface of phallus), vesica aperture in dorso-apical position, small lateral spinous processes at distal apex of phallus; vesica without cornuti. Female. Forewing length 16 mm. Forewing dark grey, with thick pattern of strokes and wide brown margins in discal and basal area, with well expressed postdiscal dark band, almost parallel to distal wing margin. Otherwise as male. Diagnosis. Six species of Vartiania are so far named: V. zaratustra Yakovlev, 2004 (Type locality: S. Iran, Hormozgan Prov., Beshagerd Mts., 26°34 N, 57°54 E; distribution: S. Iran, Iraq, Oman), V. sapho Yakovlev, 2007 (Type locality: Pakistan, Prov. Jammu & Kashmir, Khirim Valley, 8 km NW of Chilim Chauki; distribution: NE Pakistan); V. drangianica (Grum-Grshimailo, 1902) (Type locality: In regione dicta (Drangiana olim), provinciae persicae Chorassan, ad vicum Kuch-i-Chodsha [Iran]; distribution: Iran), V. senganensis (Daniel, 1949) (Type locality: Iran, Baloutchistan, Strasse Khach-Zehedan, Fort Sengan; distribution: Iran, Afghanistan), V. muscula (Rothschild, 1912) (Type locality: Syr Daria; distribution: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) and V. beludzhi Yakovlev & Saldaitis sp. nov. The species of this genus are typical representatives of the southwestern Palearctic deserts, distributed from the southern Uzbekistan to southern Pakistan. Externally the new species differs from all the representatives of the genus by the grey colour of wings and the weakly developed pattern on the male forewing. The external characters of V. zaratustra (Figs. 4−6) are mostly typical for this genus, but have several peculiar features: the developed reticulated dark pattern of the forewing; the strongly sclerotized protuberance at the costal margin of the valva; the narrow juxta with pointed apices, narrow lateral juxta processes with pointed apices tapered at acute angle; the phallus thick, with more developed preapical spinous processes at the vesica aperture margins. Etymology. The species is named after the Baluch, people inhabiting the southern Pakistan.Published as part of Yakovlev, Roman V. & Saldaitis, Aidas, 2016, Two new species of Cossinae (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) from Sindh Province of Pakistan, pp. 393-396 in Zootaxa 4079 (3) on pages 393-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4079.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/105083
Azygophleps junkeri Yakovlev & Witt 2017, sp. nov.
No full textAzygophleps junkeri Yakovlev & Witt, sp. nov. (Figs 6 ¯7, 15¯16) Material. Holotype: ♂, Angola, prov. Benguela, btw Cutembo & Caluquembe, 14 km E Cutembo, 13°46.901’ S 14°00.105’ E, 965 m, 2.iv.2014, leg. Naumann, Sulak & Ott (GenPr MWM: 26759; MWM). 2 ♂, same data (MWM); 3 ♂, Angola, Prov. Huambo, 2 km S Calanque, 12°52.214’ S 15°28.126’E, 1970 m, 27.iii.2014, leg. Sulak, Naumann & Ott (MWM); 2 ♂, Dzalanyama forest, Lilongwe distr., C. Malawi, 1300 m, 21.iv.2006, leg. R. Murphy (RMM); 2 ♂, Ntchisi forest, C. Malawi, 1600 m, 10.–17.v.2002, leg. R. Murphy (RMM); 1 ♂, C. Malawi, Kasungu N.P., Lifupa Lodge, 13°05'12"S 33°08'17"E, 1035 m, 22.iv.2011, leg. R. Yakovlev (RYB); 47 ♂, [Congo], Elisabethville, different data (1933¯1959), leg. Ch. Seydel (MRAC); 2 ♂, Burundi, Gitega, 20.v.1965, Dr. M. Fontaine (MRAC); 2 ♂, [Congo], Katanga, Zilo, iii.1968, Rec. V. Allard (MRAC); 1 ♂, [Congo], Zaire, Lubumbashi, 16.iii.1979, Th. Bouyer (MRAC); 1 ♂, South West Africa [Namibia], Mashare, c. 17°54’S 20°09’E, 12.iii.1978, leg. J. Ball (TMSA); 2 ♂, Tanzania, Rukwa Province, Mbizi Mts., entre Kisungu et Muze, 1415 m, 07°43.826’ S 031°32.482’ E, 14.05.2004, leg. Ph. Darge (MWM); 2 ♂, Tanzania, Rukwa Province, Kisengere / Kasimbo, 1193 m, 07°27.540' S 03°52.812' E, 17.05.2004, leg. Ph. Darge (MWM). Description. Length of forewing of holotype 21 mm (in male paratypes 19¯ 23 mm). Antenna bipectinate in proximal half, filiform in distal half. Thorax, tegula, patagia and abdomen brown. Fore wing brown with pattern of tiny fine black transverse strokes spaced rather evenly throughout the surface of the wing, narrow white area on costal edge from base to apex of wing. Hind wing brown with imperceptible pattern of fine transverse strokes, more expressed in cubital area. Anal edge pale, without pattern. Fringe pale brown, unicolorous. Male genitalia. Uncus long, triangle, with tapered uncinate apex; gnathos arms of medium thickness, ribbonlike, tapered to apices, not fused; valva simple, leaf-like, with even costal edge, obliquely cut outer edge and small notch in proximal third of abdominal edge; juxta large with narrow slit notch on dorsal surface and two long (in length equal to 2/5 of valva) lateral processes of medium thickness, directed dorsally; saccus small, semicircular; phallus thick, slightly shorter than valva, in vesica two ribbon-like sclerites in lateral surfaces, one of them two times larger and longer than the other. Female unknown. Diagnosis. The new species was erroneously determined several times by the senior author as A. aburae (Plötz, 1880) (type locality Bei Aburi [Ghana]) (Yakovlev 2011; Yakovlev & Murphy 2013; Yakovlev & Witt 2016a). The error in definition was first indicated by W. Mey (2016: 168): “The type material of A. aburae (Plötz, 1880) has not been traced so far and is probably lost. According to the original description of the species (unfortunately without illustrations), it should have an external appearance which comes close to a small individual of A. atrifasciata Hampson, 1910. The specimens identified and photographed by Yakovlev [& Murphy] (2013) as A. aburae neither correspond to the description given by Plötz (1880) nor to the colour figure in Gaede (1930). His specimens together with the present individual belong to a different species with unknown affiliation”. The new species differs well from all the known species of this genus by the following features: rather dark colour of the wings, pale narrow portion in the costal area of the forewing, two ribbon-like sclerites in the vesica, very long lateral processes of the juxta, narrow slit-shaped notch on the dorsal surface of the juxta. Distribution. Central and southern Africa: Congo, Burundi, Tanzania, Malawi, Angola and Namibia. Etymology. The new species is named after Wilhelm Junker (1840¯1892), doctor of medicine, Russian geographer and traveler, who studied the watershed of Nile and Congo, made a number of geographical discoveries, compiled the dictionary of ten ethnic groups in southeastern Africa, and gathered rich ethnographic, zoological, and botanical collections.Published as part of Yakovlev, Roman V. & Witt, Thomas J., 2017, Four new species of Azygophleps Hampson, 1892 (Lepidoptera, Cossidae, Zeuzerinae) from Africa, pp. 437-444 in Zootaxa 4303 (3) on pages 441-443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4303.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/309464
Carohamilia terrafirma Naydenov & Yakovlev & Penco 2021, comb. n.
No full textCarohamilia terrafirma (Schaus, 1911) comb. n. Figs. 6−8, 14, 17 Psychonoctua terrafirma Schaus, 1911: 629. =? Psychonoctua nullifer Dyar, 1914: 349 (synonymized by Dyar (1940: 1268)). Material examined: Type material. Holotype of Psychonoctua terrafirma Schaus, 1911, ♂: Costa Rica: Sixola Riv, Mar., Type No. 17303 U.S.N.M. USNMENT 01198216 (USNM) (Fig. 6); Holotype of Psychonoctua nullifer Dyar, 1914, ♀: Panama: Taboga Isl. [Jelz /2] August Busck, Type No. 16435 U.S.N.M., USNMENT 01198178 (USNM) (Fig. 8). — Further material. Colombia: 1 ♂, Muzo, R. Cantinero, 400 m (A. H. Fassl), NHMUK 012832454, SLIDE NHMUK 010315487 (NHMUK) (Figs 7, 14); 1 ♂, Antioquia SW of Dabeiba, 780 m, 6°59’27”N 76°16’28”W; 17−18.III.2017, V. Sinyaev (RYB); Ecuador: 3 ♂, Esmeraldes Prov., 3 km E Mompiche, 140 m, 0°29’37”N 79°59’46′”W; 25−29.I.2013, leg. Sinjaev & Dr. R. Brechlin, GenPrMWM: 37.167 (MWM); 1 ♂, Esmeraldes, San Mateo, 26.VIII.56, leg. J. Förster (ZSM). Diagnosis. The species differs from the other species of the genus in the following characters: - the largest species of the genus (length of the fore wing is 20−22 mm, in the other species less than 20 mm); - the male fore wing has an expressed reticulated pattern, well developed black spot at the base and a discal spot; - the saccular margin of the valve has two well-expressed semicircular notch. Notes. The affiliation of Psychonoctua nullifer Dyar, 1914 with Carohamilia terrafirma (Schaus, 1911) was established by Dyar (1940: 1268) without any published argument. Basing on the present materials, we can neither confirm nor refute this taxonomic decision, so we leave the synonymy suggested by Dyar (1940) disputable. Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador. Examining the type specimens of Carohamilia sensu Schoorl (1990) we found significant differences in the genital structure and in the wing pattern between С. ophelia and С. lineaeplena (Figs. 1, 9, 11, 15): - in С. lineaeplena, the fore wing pattern consists of transverse equidistant wavy lines, whereas in С. ophelia an expressed dark area is present basally on the fore wing with a dark discal spot; - in С. lineaeplena there is a sharply constriction on the rod-like lateral processes of the juxta apically, whereas in С. ophelia only the basal part is tapered; - in С. lineaeplena the saccus is semicircular and short, in С. ophelia the saccus is robust and very elongated; - the phallus of С. lineaeplena is large, with a lateral cornutus on the vesica, in С. ophelia the phallus is thin and long, without cornuti. The morphological features of С. lineaeplena indicates that this species belongs to the genus Schreiteriana (male genitalia: the reduction of the gnathos and transtilla processes, the valva of simple form, without armament, peculiar structure of the phallus, the vesica with a long ribbon-like sclerite in its lateral surface), previously redescribed (Pencо et al. 2016).) We establish a new combination − Schreiteriana lineaeplena (Dognin, 1911), comb. n. In addition, the complete external identity and the same male genital structure of S. lineaeplena and of the recently described S. urcuchillay Yakovlev, Penco & Witt, 2017, indicate that these species are synonyms. Thus, S. lineaeplena = Schreiteriana urcuchillay Yakovlev, Penco et Witt, 2017 syn. n.Published as part of Naydenov, Artem E., Yakovlev, Roman V. & Penco, Fernando C., 2021, Redescription and review of the Neotropical genus Carohamilia Dyar, 1940 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae: Zeuzerinae), pp. 557-563 in Zootaxa 4985 (4) on pages 561-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/496440
Mapping the Discipline of the Olympic Games An Author-Cocitation Analysis
No full textThe authors conducted an author cocitation analysis on prominent authors writing about the Olympics during the 1990s. Author cocitation is an established bibliometric technique that can be used to measure the relative similarities of topics written about by the cited authors. This enables a visual representation of the “intellectual space” of the discipline, in this case the Olympics, to be created for the period under review. So core and peripheral research areas are identified, along with their major contributors. The representation appears as a two-dimensional cluster-enhanced map. Subject expertise was then applied to the results to place labels on the generated clusters of authors and their topics
Plebejus chrisreai Churkin & Kolesnichenko & Yakovlev 2019, sp. n.
No full textPlebejus chrisreai Churkin, Kolesnichenko & Yakovlev, sp. n. Plate 1 and 2, figs. 7 (holotype), 8–12, 21–23 (paratypes). Holotype: ♂, SW Mongolia, Khovd aimak, Dzhungarian Gobi des., Ushig spring, 1200 m.a.s.l., 27.06.2018, 45°35’ N, 90°56’ E, S. Churkin, K. Kolesnichenko, V. Pletnev, Odbayar Tz. leg.(ZISP). Paratypes: 172 ♂, 136 ♀, same data, S. Churkin, K. Kolesnichenko, V. Pletnev, Odbayar Tz. leg.; 30 ♂, 20 ♀, same locality, 3.07.2015, R. Yakovlev leg.; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, SW Mongolia, Khovd aimak, Dzhungarian Gobi des., Del Khaar Uul, 1350 m.a.s.l., water spring, 7.07.2018, 45°39’ N, 90°54’ E, S. Churkin leg. Paratypes are deposited in private collections of S. Churkin (Reutov), V. Pletnev (Reutov), K. Kolesnichenko (Moscow), Odbayar Tz. (Ulan-Bator), P. Beda (Ljubertzy), G. Grieshuber (Ortenburg); in the Institute of General and Experimental Biology MAS and in ZISP. Additional material: 24 ♂, 20 ♀, SW Mongolia, Khovd aimak, Dzhungarian Gobi, Olon bulak (spring), 1550 m.a.s.l., 4.07.2018, 45°10’25” N, 91°19’41” E, S. Churkin, K. Kolesnichenko, V. Pletnev, Odbayar Tz. leg.; 5 ♂, 3 ♀, SW Mongolia, Khovd aimak, Dzhungarian Gobi, 20 km S Altai somon, water spring, 1150 m.a.s.l., 5.07.2018, 45°32’47” N, 92°10’58” E, S. Churkin leg. Description. Male. Holotype FW length 13 mm, paratypes 11–15 mm (average 13–14 mm, n = 40). Fringes from the upperside white with narrow blackish inner part. Upperside blue with light violet hue, costal side of forewing with obvious suffusion of whitish scales. Black margins thin, ends of veins blackish. Hindwing often (but not always) with submarginal black dots between veins. Forewing underside light gray with black discal spot and s-curved postdiscal series of black spots, Cubital spot usually enlarged and shifted toward the base. Submarginal series looks erased (with rare exceptions), apical part of the spots strongly reduced, only two cubital spots more or less developed with slightly expressed orange segments. Hindwing underside whitish-gray or light-gray with whitish marginal half of wing, Base with obvious but narrow and not dense bluish-greenish suffusion. Blackish spots normally developed, basal and postdiscal series complete (4 basal and 8 postdiscal spots), discal spot not thin. Cubital spot in postdiscal series strongly shifted toward the base. Submarginal pattern complete, each spot consists of v-shaped internal thin black segment, well-developed bright orange or reddish-orange segment and external plate of greenish-blue metallic scales. Marginal band whitish, external parts of all metallic plates also sometimes appear whitish. Female. FW length 13–15 mm (average as in males, n=30). Fringes whitish, with very thin dark inner part joined with blackish spots at end of veins. Upperside whitish with blue hue of base of both wings (bluish shining is more obvious on hindwings), veins slightly blackish but do not look contrasting. Discal spot thin but often (not always) developed on both wings. Forewing with darkened submarginal band with brownish not contrasting oval spots between veins. Hindwing submarginal series complete and consists of large black spots, rarely outlined internally by reddish-orange lunules. Forewing underside whitish or light grayish-white, pattern more developed than in males, submarginal spots often with developed orange segments, except apical and anal ones. Postdiscal spot strongly s-curved. Hindwing underside whitish or light grayish-white/ brownish-white. Pattern as in males, bluish-green suffusion less developed. Submarginal spots with more expressed orange segments and metallic plates. Individual variation. According to our statistics, whitish females present over 70%, but the colour varies depending on locality. Rarely females fully bluish (Pl. 1: 21), very rarely obscured and have brownish hue (but never totally brown; Pl. 1: 22). It seems that females from Olon Bulak and Altai somon (east part of the distribution area) statistically darker, but our material is mainly worn and not sufficient to confirm this observation. Males rarely have thick black margins, while blackish ends of the veins not so prominent—but ground blue colour is light in all cases. Male genitalia (Pl. 3: 1, Pl. 4: 1, Pl. 5: 1, 2, 5). Labis (distal parts of uncus) with moderately long and thin ends from lateral view. Valva without developed convexities, with moderately smooth outlines, upper distal projection (“upper lip”) very wide, lower distal projection (“lower lip”) also widened and massive. Juxta has straight branches which gradually move apart to ends—but the true shape nearly impossible to observe without separation. Aedeagus thin, proximal part without large ventral inflation, and obviously but only moderately wider than distal part. Distal part with visible narrowing in middle and widened near distal end. Aedeagus curved, but curving located after joining of proximal and distal parts—so that this joining itself straight, and only distal part curved downwards. Curving usually weakly expressed, aedeagus often looks moderately straight. Distal part obviously longer than proximal part. Diagnosis. The size of P. chrisreai is statistically smaller than that of P. germani, the latter has a forewing length of 13.5–16 mm in both sexes (average 14–15 mm: n=55 totally). Even two other taxa are also slightly larger (see below, forewing length 14–15.5 mm). The new species differs from all other Mongolian relatives by a light colour of the upperside: P. germani and P. anikini have common dull or deep violet-blue colour. The difference is based on the pigment and not on the quantity of the white scales (that is quite obvious under magnification; P. germani has practically the same quantity of these whitish scattered scales). As a rule, the new species usually has more expressed blackish ends of the veins, but it is not such a constant feature (see Pl. 1: 23, 24, where the veins characters are changed but the ground colours are still different). The whitish upperside of the females presents unique distinction which is not known among Plebejus spp. in East Palaearctic. Even the rare dark aberrations (Plate 1:22) cannot be confused with dark-brown females of P. anikini or P. germani. The light underside can be easily differentiated from the dark-gray underside of the relatives. The orange lunules are bright and usually have a reddish hue, while in all other taxa these lunules are pale and yellowish, and exceptions are rare. In addition, the postdiscal row of both other species are usually moderately straight without a shifted cubital spot; the area between postdiscal and submarginal series is not contrastingly whitish compared with the colouration of P. chrisreai. These features are not consistent but easily recognizable in the series (Pl. 2: 2; the male of P. germani with a moderately curved postdiscal row on the forewing underside). The genitalia distinctions are as follows: labis are thinner than in P. germani but similar and even wider/shorter than that in P. anikini (Pl. 3). Valva has no distinctive convexities (opposite to P. germani but similar to P. anikini), distal lips are very wide: the upper lip is distinctively wider than in the closest P. germani, the lower lip is obviously wider than the very thin and shortened lower lip of P. anikini (Pl. 4; some details of the width of the lips are not clearly visible but the distinctions given here are consistent and useful in the comparison of the real sclerites). The juxta has a specific structure—in both other species, the branches of the sclerite are convex. The aedeagus is moderately similar to that of P. anikini, the place of curving is distally moved from the point of the joining of the proximal and distal parts. In P. germani the place of curving is situated just at the joining of the distal and proximal parts, the degree of the curving is much more expressed as a rule. In addition, the proximal part of the new species is obviously thinner (not so heavy) compared to P. anikini and especially to P. germani, the distal part is longer than the proximal part, while in both other species the character is opposite. Bionomics (Pl. 6: 1). Bushes near the springs in the desert consist of the Tamarix sp. and food plant Halimodendron halodendron (the females laid the eggs). We anticipate that the species has several generations. Distribution (Pl. 7). The species was numerous and collected in 4 localities—but we only included the material from Ushig springs and the closely situated spring near Del Khaar Mt in the type series. Two other localities were excluded to avoid possible future problems. Etymology. The species is named after Christopher Anton (Chris) Rea, British rock and blues singer-songwriter and guitarist. The songs of Chris Rea accompanied us in the mountains and deserts for over two decades of expeditions and always brought us luck.Published as part of Churkin, Sergei V., Kolesnichenko, Kirill A. & Yakovlev, Roman V., 2019, Two new taxa of Plebejus Kluk, 1780 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from the Gobi desert, Mongolia, pp. 45-58 in Zootaxa 4695 (1) on pages 47-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4695.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/353011
The Historian A. I. Yakovlev and the Revolutionary V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin (Basing on Documents from the Federal Security Service Archive of St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast and the Memoirs)
No full textThe paper highlights lasting acquaintance of the famous Russian historian A. I. Yakovlev and V. I. Ulyanov-
Lenin. When considering the subject the records on the “Academic Case” preserved in the Federal Security
Service Archive of St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast are introduced into the discourse. The author concludes
that despite essential controversies the persons specified kept amity during some decades. There are no A. I. Yakovlev memoirs about V. I. Lenin in numerous “memories about Lenin” printed in the USSR, in particular, in the
10-volume edition of 1989–1991. Of course, the main obstacle was his involvement in the so-called “Academic
Case”. He was never rehabilitated to the end of his life. At the same time, A. I. Yakovlev, having for a long time
known and deeply respected Lenin as a person and a politician, did not try to glorify his image and cultivate his
ideas and actions. Unlike many other authors of Lenin’s memoirs, often exaggerating the deeds and embellishing
the leader’s personality, A. I. Yakovlev strives to give a relatively objective human and everyday assessment of
Lenin’s life and work
Mosses new to Hong Kong (1)
No full textTen moss species - Garkea flexuosa (Griffith) Marg. & Nork., Campylopus laxitextus Lac., Fissidens dubius P. Beauv., Fissidens ceylonensis Dozy & Molk, Fissidens maceratus Mitt., Philonotis thwaitesii Mitt., Isopterygium minutirameum (C. Muell.)Jaeg., Homalia trichomanoides (Hedw.) B.S.G., Pogonatum neesii (C. Muell.) Dozyand Polytrichum formosum Hedw. are reported new to Hong Kong. Among them, five are new to Guangdong Province of China
Xyleutes strix Linnaeus 1758
No full textXyleutes strix (Linnaeus, 1758) Phalaena Noctua strix Linnaeus, 1758: 508. Type locality: America Merid. (error) (Fletcher & Nye, 1982). Roepke (1957) considered that his figure possibly represented a specimen from Java and so restricted the type locality to this island. The type material is lost. Distribution: N. India, Bhutan, China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Xizang, Qinghai), Taiwan, Malaysia, Philippines, the Indonesian Archipelago to New Guinea, New Britain IslandPublished as part of Yakovlev, Roman V., 2014, Descriptions of three new species of Cossidae (Lepidoptera) from Vietnam, with an updated annotated checklist, pp. 240-256 in Zootaxa 3802 (2) on page 253, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/22624
Not So Quiet . . . A Novel
No full textThis story offers a rare, funny, bitter, feminist look at war from women actively engaged in it. Published in London in 1930, Not So Quiet...(on the Western Front) is a novel in autobiographical guise that describes a group of British women ambulance drivers on the French front lines during World War 1. As Voluntary Aid Detachment workers, the women pay for the privilege of driving the wounded through shell fire in the freezing cold, on no sleep and an inedible diet, under the watchful eye of their punishing commandant, nicknamed Mrs. Bitch.Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Epigraph -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 -- Chapter 3 -- Chapter 4 -- Chapter 5 -- Chapter 6 -- Chapter 7 -- Chapter 8 -- Chapter 9 -- Chapter 10 -- Chapter 11 -- Chapter 12 -- Afterword -- Notes -- About the Author -- About the Feminist Press -- Also Available from the Feminist PressThis story offers a rare, funny, bitter, feminist look at war from women actively engaged in it. Published in London in 1930, Not So Quiet...(on the Western Front) is a novel in autobiographical guise that describes a group of British women ambulance drivers on the French front lines during World War 1. As Voluntary Aid Detachment workers, the women pay for the privilege of driving the wounded through shell fire in the freezing cold, on no sleep and an inedible diet, under the watchful eye of their punishing commandant, nicknamed Mrs. Bitch.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Parnassius arcticus subsp. shavlovi Yakovlev & Bakhaev 2023, subsp. n.
No full text<i>Parnassius arcticus shavlovi</i> Yakovlev & Bakhaev, subsp. n. <p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4268E6A7-6D90-4958-B165-A9D59DCEBB6B</p> <p>Figs 9−19</p> <p> <b>Material examined</b>. Holotype, male, Russia, North-Eastern Yakutia, Verkhnekolymsky District, Arga-Tas Range, uppers of Tuora-Bygyttakh river, H− 1100−1300 m, 20−28.vi. 2022, leg. Y. Bakhaev (Zoological Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia).</p> <p>Paratypes. 76 males, 19 females, the same locality and data (Zoological Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; private collection of Roman V. Yakovlev, Barnaul and Yuri I. Bakhaev, Lipetsk).</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Male. Wingspan of holotype 43 mm, paratypes – 34−46 mm. Antennae coal-black, shorter than half of fore wing in length. Head, thorax and abdomen covered with coal-black scales. Fore wing white from above, with dense sputtering of black scales basally, black scales sputtering also along costal margin from root to apex of wing, clearly expressed black stroke in centre of discal cell, black cuneal or round spot at top of discal cell, series of two-three (partially fused) black strokes between radial veins postdiscally, series of two-four small black strokes between radial cells postdiscally (closer to outer margin of wing), outer margin of wing (from apex to Cu 1) semi-transparent, with sputtering of black scales, fringe white. Fore wing from underside with completely the same pattern as on wing from upside. Hind wing from upside white, with vast black portion, occupying area from anal margin and wing base to middle of discal area and portion along Cu 2 vein, postdiscal area in cell Sc+R− Rs and cell M 1 −M 2 with tiny dark spots translucent from underside; in some males, black spot on wing upside only in cell Sc+R− Rs, very thin rim along wing margin from Rs to М 2 (rarely, M 3) (in almost half of specimens, rim torn into separate strokes), fringe white. Hind wing from underside with more contract pattern than from upside: postdiscally in cell Sc+R− Rs and cell M 1 −M 2 well developed small black spots (often developed in cells M 3 −Cu 1, Cu 1 −Cu 2 and Cu 2 −2A as well); in most specimens, tiny black spots developed submarginally in cells between medial and cubital veins, small black spots between medial veins along wing margin.</p> <p> Male genitalia (Fig. 17) is similar to the nominotypical <i>P. arcticus</i>. Uncus forked, short, with uncinate apices diverged to sides; valve cup-like, with even edges, apically semicircular; conical harpe on inner surface of valve, slightly protruding beyond the apex of valve; juxta oval, with pair of flask-shaped processes directed dorsally; saccus robust, conical; phallus thin, slightly curved along all length, apically needle-like, 1/3 longer than valve.</p> <p> Female. Wingspan 35−46 mm. Antennae coal-black, shorter than half of fore wing in length. Head, thorax and abdomen covered with coal-black scales. Fore wing from upside with intensive black sputtering at root, costal margin with black sputtering; in vast majority of specimens, black sputtering distributed throughout wing field, except for some light spots and bands; black spot of medium size in middle of discal cell, large black spot at top of discal cell; postdiscally from costal margin to M2 – band of fused black spots; postdiscally closer to outer margin – relatively wide light band (or light portion), submarginally – expressed thin (often, fragmentary) light band, outer margin of wing semitransparent, with intensive grey sputtering, fringe white. Fore wing from underside with the same pattern as from upside, but significantly lighter. Hind wing from upside often with very wide dark-grey root portion (sometimes occupying all root, discal and partially postdiscal areas), large black spots (round of shaped as wide longitudinal strokes) postdiscally in cells Sc+R− Rs, M 1 −M 2, M 3 −Cu 1 and Cu 1 −Cu 2; postdiscally (closer to outer margin of wing) – wide light band with small black strokes in the range of cells from Rs− M 1 to Cu 1 −Cu 2 (steadily developed in cells Rs− M 1 and M 1 −M 2, rarely – in all cells), outer margin dark-grey or black, fringe white. Hind wing from underside in general with the same pattern as on upside but slightly lighter and more contrasting (in root area, discal cell and cell Sc+R− Rs with developed long bright black longitudinal strokes).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. The new subspecies clearly differs from the known subspecies in a series of characters.</p> <p> From <i>P. arcticus arcticus</i>:</p> <p> <b>•</b> the new subspecies on an average is larger in size: male wingspan is 34−46 mm, females – 35−46 mm (in <i>P. arcticus arcticus</i>: 32−41 mm and 37−40 mm, respectively);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the males of the new subspecies, the black spots on the fore wing postdiscally and especially, submarginally, are significantly less developed (in <i>P. arcticus arcticus,</i> the rows of black spots are developed steadily);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the males of the new subspecies, the black spot on the hind wing in cell M 1 −M 2 is absent steadily; additionally, in most specimens there is no black spot in cell Sc+R− Rs (in <i>P. arcticus arcticus,</i> the black spots of the submarginal row on the hind wing are well expressed);</p> <p> <b>•</b> along the outer margin of the hind wing in most males there are small black spots (in <i>P. arcticus arcticus,</i> the outer margin of the wing is white);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the females of the new subspecies, the black sputtering on the wings from upside is much more expressed; the orange nucleoli in the black spots of the postdiscal row on the hind wing are very rare (in <i>P. arcticus arcticus,</i> the black sputtering on the wings from above is significantly less expressed; in most specimens, there are orange nucleoli in the black spots of the postdiscal row on the hind wing).</p> <p> From <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi</i>:</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the males of the new subspecies, the black spot is steadily present in the discal cell on the fore wing (in <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi,</i> the black spot in the discal cell on the fore wing is steadily absent);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the males of the new subspecies, the black spot on the hind wing in cell M 1 −M 2 is steadily absent; additionally, in most specimens there is no black spot in cell Sc+R− Rs (in <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi,</i> the black spots of the submarginal row on the hind wing are clearly expressed);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in most of the males, along the outer margin of the hind wing there are small black spots (in <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi,</i> the outer margin of the wing is white);</p> <p> <b>•</b> in the females of the new subspecies, the black sputtering on the wings from upside is less expressed, the pattern of fore and hind wings is more contrasting, on the fore wing there are well developed postdiscal and submarginal light bands (in <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi,</i> the black sputtering on the wings from upside is significantly more intense, the pattern (especially, on the fore wing) is more blurred, not distinctive; there are no postdiscal and submarginal light bands on the fore wing).</p> <p> <b>Bionomy</b>. The adults were indicated in the middle of June on gravel screes at altitudes of 1100−1300 m (Figs 20−21). The adults were observed feeding on the flower of <i>Smelowskia jacutica</i> (Botsch. & Karav.) Al-Shehbaz & S.I. Warwick (Brassicaceae) (Fig. 22). The leaves damaged by the caterpillars of <i>P. arcticus shavlovi</i> were found on <i>Corydalis gorodkovii</i> Karav. (Papaveraceae) (Figs 23−24).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The subspecies is named after Roman Shavlov (Yakutsk) − an amateur zoologist well known in Yakutia, a friend on one of the authors of this article.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Known only from Arga-Tas Range in North-Eastern Yakutia.</p> <p> <b>Discussion</b>. It seems surprising that the new subspecies <i>P. arcticus shavlovi</i> was formed in the same mountain range as <i>P. arcticus arbugaevi</i> (Fig. 25). But there is a large distance between their places (more than 230 km), and most importantly, a biotopic gap (red line) (Fig. 26): a low-mountain zone. As it is known, <i>P. arcticus</i> lives only in the highlands (a zone of stony tundra at a height of more than 1100 m). So, the highmountain areas of the Arga-Tas Range are an isolate, which contributed to the formation of quite significant differences at the subspecies level over time.</p>Published as part of <i>Yakovlev, Roman V. & Bakhaev, Yuri I., 2023, A new subspecies of Arctic Apollo - Parnassius arcticus (Eisner, 1968) (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) from the Arga-Tas Range (North-Eastern Yakutia), pp. 1-14 in Ecologica Montenegrina 63</i> on pages 4-13, DOI: 10.37828/em.2023.63.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8029884">http://zenodo.org/record/8029884</a>
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