1,720,998 research outputs found
Alla ricerca della perfezione : spostamento del baricentro corporeo durante l’esecuzione di movimenti sportivi
No full textIl baricentro corporeo o centro di massa (COM) è definito come il punto in cui si applica la risultante delle forze di gravità che agiscono nei diversi punti del corpo umano. Lo studio dello spostamento del COM è di particolare interesse nelle discipline sportive, dove i segmenti corporei si devono muovere in modo coordinato ed efficiente. In particolare, si è deciso di sviluppare un protocollo per quantificare lo spostamento della posizione del COM durante alcune tecniche di karate shotokan
A three-dimensional study of facial mimicry in healthy young adults
No full textTo assess sex-related characteristics in facial movements, and to define a set of reference normal values, 20 healthy young adults (10 men, 10 women) performed six standardized facial movements (maximum smile; free smile; "surprise" with closed mouth; "surprise" with open mouth; right- and left-side eye closures). The three-dimensional coordinates of 21 soft-tissue facial landmarks were recorded by an optoelectronic motion analyzer, their movements computed, and standardized for facial dimensions. Asymmetry indices were calculated. The mouth area had the largest movements. Sex-related differences were found only for the superciliare landmark (men had larger movements than women, p0.01), with a significant effect of movement (p<0.001): eye and mouth asymmetry was larger during the asymmetric eye closures than during the symmetric movements. The right-side asymmetric movements were somewhat larger than the left-side ones. The total facial movement did not differ between sexes; the "surprise with mouth open" movement had the largest landmark displacements (p<0.001). In conclusion, normal young adult men and women had similar standardized facial movements, except in the forehead. Some individual asymmetry was found in symmetric facial animations; some synkinesis was found even in normal adults
Asymmetry of the active non-weightbearing foot and ankle range of motion for dorsiflexion-plantar flexion and its coupled movements in adults
No full textAsymmetries in ankle range of motion (ROM) have been reported, but often the uninvolved limb is used as a reference in clinical practice. The study wanted to quantify the intraindividual asymmetries in dorsi-plantar flexion foot and ankle ROM and its coupled foot movements. Active triplanar nonweightbearing ROM of the foot and ankle was recorded in young healthy adults (30 male volunteers, mean age 22.8 years; 35 female volunteers, mean age 23.8 years) using an optoelectronic set-up. The sagittal plane movement (mean ROM female subjects right side 71.3 degrees, left side 71.4 degrees, P > 0.05; mean ROM male subjects right side 69 degrees , left side 68.9 degrees, P > 0.05; sex difference, P 0.05; male subjects right side 17 degrees, left side 15.3 degrees; P > 0.05; no sex difference) and horizontal (mean ROM female subjects right side 19.6 degrees, left side 18.8 degrees, P 5 degrees, and 50% of the subjects had asymmetries >5 degrees in the associated movements. In young adults, individual asymmetries in ankle joint complex dorsi-plantar flexion should be taken into account when using the uninvolved, contralateral limb as a reference for clinical examination
Active range of motion (ROM) of the head and cervical spine: effect of age in healthy male subjects
No full textTransfer of training for two ball-throwing tasks
No full textThe effects of training overhand ball throws to enhance underhand bail-throwing accuracy were studied with 921 Italian high school pupils (575 girls, M age= 16.5 yr., SD= 1.3; 346 boys, M= 16.5 yr., SD= 1.2) ages 14 to 18 years. A standardized test (10 underhand tennis-ball throws into the floor area delimited by an 80-cm radius,wooden hoop lying on the floor 9 m from the standing pupil) was performed and scored. An Experimental group (435 girls, M age= 16.5 yr., SD= 1.3; 204 boys, M age= 16.5 yr., SD= 1.2) was randomly selected to participate in 10 weekly training periods. The set included 10 overhand throws of a rubber bouncing ball (14.5 cm diameter, weight 240 g) into a basketball hoop from 5 standardized positions (in front of the basketball hoop; at 45 degrees, 90 degrees on the right and on the left of the basketball hoop) at a distance of 4.40 m. The underhand test was repeated for both groups. On the average, boys obtained higher test scores than girls of the same age. Older adolescents had higher mean scores than younger adolescents. After 10 weeks, boys and girls of an ages improved. Mean differences between sessions were significant for the Experimental group (Student t test, p <.01). In Session 2, consistent differences between Experimental and Control groups were also found (Student t test, p <.05)
Remare senz’acqua : definizione di un protocollo sperimentale per l’analisi di parametrici tecnici e morfologici nella remata a secco su remoergometro
No full textIl gesto ciclico di voga non è stato ancora studiato in maniera sistematica. Nell’articolo vengono descritti i risultati preliminari di uno studio finalizzato all’elaborazione di un protocollo sperimentale per la valutazione cinematica tridimensionale dei movimenti, da utilizzare per la diagnosi e lo screening di patologie muscoloscheletriche associate a gesti sportivi errati.
In particolare sono state analizzate, con l’utilizzo del remoergometro, le escursioni angolari del ginocchio e della gamba e dei tratti cervicale, toracico e lombare della colonna vertebrale, durante le tre posizioni chiave del ciclo della voga: attacco, mezzo carrello e finale
Dal laboratorio alla pratica : L'esperienza permette una migliore organizzazione dello schema posturale corporeo in condizioni di equilibrio dinamico
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