1,985 research outputs found
Seasonal Changes of Paralytic Toxicity in Purple Clam, Soletellina Diphos, and Identification of the Responsible Toxin
No full textOccurrence of Paralytic Shellfish Poison in the Purple Clam Soletellina Diphos (Bivalve)
No full textPerformance evaluation of fractional OFDM for extending transmission distance without reducing spectral efficiency
No full textThe performance of a fractional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FrOFDM) system is examined considering spectral efficiency (SE). While FrOFDM can reduce peak-to-average power ratio, which is a drawback in OFDM, its bandwidth is expanded. Simulations were performed to evaluate the increasing amount of transmission distance from the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals with keeping the best SE of OFDM. Simulation results show that FrOFDM can increase the transmission distance without reducing SE
Vibrationally Unusual Behaviors Predicted For (xehxe)+: Computational Molecular Spectroscopy Study
No full textWe have reported on the vibrationally averaged structure and frequencies of (XeHXe) at ISMS2021\footnote{T. Hirano,
U. Nagashima, M. Baba, ISMS2021, WA07.}: (a) (XeHXe) is a linear molecule having a bent vibrationally averaged structure,
(b) the ultra-heavy Xe atoms keep almost standstill during vibration, (c) severe matrix-effect for the
symmetric stretching mode, (d) for the antisymmetric stretching mode,
and (e) the zero-point structure has non-equivalent two (Xe--H) bond distances irrespective of the potential
being symmetrical for the bond-distance of these two bonds. We proposed in the previous report
that the unusual features (d) and (e) are characteristic for the [ultra-heavy]-[light]-[ultra-heavy] system.
In this report, we disclose, from the viewpoint of computational molecular spectroscopy,
why features (d) and (e) become characteristic for this system.
Based on the 3D vibrational potential energy surface (PES) calculated
at the valence-CCSD(T){\_}DK3/[ANO-RCC 5ZP(Xe), cc-pV5Z-DK(H)] level,
ro-vibrational wavefunctions (DVR3D wavefunction)
were derived by the Discrete Variable Representation (DVR) method. In the antisymmetric stretching mode
of a [ultra-heavy]-[light]-[ultra-heavy] system, the central light atom moves back and forth
between the almost standstill ultra-heavy atoms just like a ball in catch-ball play.
We will show this is the key for understanding unusual features (d) and (e),
using the results of the PES and vibrational wavefunction analyses.
We will also show why the symmetric stretching mode is severely affected\footnote{M. Tsuge, J. Kalinowski,
R.B. Gerber, Y-P. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. A \textbf{119}, 2651 (2015).} by the molecular mass
of the matrix medium
Vibrationally Averaged Structure And Frequencies Of (xehxe)<sup>+</sup>: Computational Molecular Spectroscopy Study
No full textWe have proposed that the ro-vibrationally averaged structure of a linear
molecule is observed as being ``bent.''\footnote{T. Hirano, U. Nagashima, P. Jensen,
J. Mol. Spectrosc. \textbf{343}, 54 (2018);
T. Hirano, U. Nagashima, M. Baba, J. Mol. Spectrosc. \textbf{369}, 111252 (2020);
and references therein.}
To provide more evidence for this assertion, we here chose a linear molecule (XeHXe).
We expected: The Xe atoms at both ends are so heavy that they stand still during vibration,
so that in the bending mode, the central H atom inevitably moves perpendicularly
against the principal axis to give a ``bent'' ro-vibrationally averaged structure.
The potential energy surface was calculated at the
valence-CCSD(T){\_}DK3/[ANO-R3(Xe),cc-pV5Z-DK(H)] level, and ro-vibrational properties were calculated
from the DVR3D wavefunctions in Discrete Variable Representation.
The central H, which has +0.6 charge, polarizes the Xe atoms by its reaction field,
giving 136 kcal/mol of the heat of formation: (XeHXe) is a stable cation. The equilibrium structure for Xe1--H--Xe2 has (Xe1-H) = (H--Xe2) 1.8694 {\AA}
and (Xe1--H--Xe2) = 180, so that (XeHXe) is a linear molecule.
The ro-vibrationally averaged structure has (Xe1--H) 1.8913 {\AA},
(H--Xe2) 1.9017 {\AA},
and (Xe1--H--Xe2) 166.6,
indicating a large amplitude bending motion.
The harmonic vibrational frequencies (antisymmetric stretch), (bending),
and (symmetric stretch) are 824, 562, and 149 cm, respectively.
The corresponding term values , , and are 847, 545, and 143 cm, respectively,
to be compared with the values in \textit{para}-H matrix\footnote{M. Tsuge,
J. Kalinowski, R.B. Gerber, Y-P. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. A \textbf{119}, 2651 (2015)}
847.0 cm and 125.1 cm.
The relation is a typical feature for [(ultra)heavy--light--(ultra)heavy] system.
In the antisymmetric stretch mode, the central H moves back and forth between almost stand-still
two Xe atoms just like a ball in catch-ball play, and hence the value is not affected by matrix medium.
On the other hand, the symmetric stretching mode should severely be affected by the mass of the matrix medium,
as is reported, since Xe atoms in this mode have to push out the cavity wall of the matrix.Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-24T21:09:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2021-06-2
Cosmic ray sidereal diurnal variation of galactic origin observed by neutron monitors
No full textCosmic ray sidereal diurnal variations observed by neutron monitors are analyzed for the period 1961 to 1978, by adding 134 station years data to the previous paper (Nagashima, et al., 1983). Also the dependence of the sidereal variations on Sun's polar magnetic field polarity is examined for two periods; the period of negative polarity in the northern region, 1961 to 1969 and the period of positive polarity, 1970 to 1978. It is obtained that for the former period, the amplitude A=0.0203 + or 0.0020% and the phase phi=6.1 + or - 0.4 h LST and for the latter period, 0.0020% and phi=8.6 + or - 4 h LST, respectively
Functional and cellular characterization of a new gene recently cloned in the pituitary
No full textLa sumoilación, un sistema de modificación post-traduccional reversible similar a la ubiquitinación, consiste en una cascada enzimática que lleva a la conjugación de SUMO a proteínas blanco. Esta modificación regula procesos como el tráfico intracelular, degradación de proteínas, estructura y replicación cromosómica y regulación de la transcripción. En este trabajo se caracteriza a R-SUME (por “RWDcontaining SUMoylation Enhancer), un nuevo gen con un dominio RWD, clonado de una línea celular hipofisaria sobre-expresora de gp130 con un potencial tumorigénico y angiogénico aumentado. En células en cultivo, R-SUME se localiza tanto en núcleo como en citoplasma e inhibe la actividad transcripcional de Stat3, lo cual podría funcionar como un mecanismo de feedback negativo sobre gp130. Dada la similitud estructural entre el dominio RWD y la conjugasa de SUMO Ubc9, se estudiaron los efectos de R-SUME sobre la cascada de sumoilación. Se observa por Western blot que R-SUME aumenta la conjugación de proteínas por SUMO-1, -2 y –3, efecto que depende de Ubc9. En experimentos de pull-down, R-SUME interactúa con una proteína de fusión GST-Ubc9 aún en ausencia de SUMO, sugiriendo una interacción directa. Esto concuerda con la colocalización de R-SUME con Ubc9 en el núcleo observada por microscopía de fluorescencia. R-SUME estimula la sumoilación de IκB, un blanco de SUMO conocido, in vivo e in vitro, lo cual lleva a una inhibición de la actividad transcripcional de NF-κB. En conjunto, estos resultados indican que R-SUME cumple un rol importante en la regulación de la sumoilación de proteínas, lo cual puede tener un efecto significativo en numerosos procesos celulares.Sumoylation, an ubiquitin-like reversible post-translational modification system, is an enzimatic cascade leading to the covalent attachment of SUMO to its target proteins. This modification regulates cellular processes including protein trafficking and degradation, chromatin structure and regulation of transcription. In this work, we characterize R-SUME (for RWD-containing Sumoylation Enhancer), a new RWD domain-containing gene cloned from a pituitary cell line overexpressing gp130 and with an increased tumorigenic and angiogenic potential. In cultured cell lines, R-SUME localizes to both nucleus and cytoplasm and inhibits Stat3 transcriptional activity, which could be a negative feedback mechanism on gp130. Given the structural similarity between RWD domain and SUMO conjugase Ubc9, the effects of R-SUME on the sumoilation cascade were studied. R-SUME enhances SUMO-1, 2 and 3 conjugation as observed by Western blot analysis and this effect depends on Ubc9. In pull-down experniments, R-SUME interacts with a GST-Ubc9 fusion protein even in the absence of SUMO, suggesting a direct interaction. This is in agreement with the colocalization of R-SUME with Ubc9 in the nucleus observed by fluorescent confocal microscopy. R-SUME increases the sumoylation of IκB, a known SUMO target, in vivo and in vitro (whereas a structural mutant of R-SUME inhibits sumoylation), leading to an inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity. Together, these results indicate an important role of R-SUME regulating SUMO conjugation, and therefore many critical regulatory pathways.Fil: Carbia Nagashima, Alberto Nicolás. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Abstract P1-07-23: The quality and quantity of visceral fat tissue are associated with insulin resistance and survival outcome after chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer
No full textAbstract
Background: Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with inferior levels of chemosensitivity and overall prognosis for breast cancer (BC) treatment. Recent studies suggest that the quality and quantity of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) play a significant role in adipocyte function, and are related to insulin resistance. We therefore tested the hypothesis that high amount and low quality of VAT worsen treatment outcomes via insulin resistance mechanisms.
Patients and Methods: We examined two independent studies: a cross-sectional study (cohort 1) and a retrospective study (cohort 2). Cohort 1 included 106 women with early-stage BC who were undergoing surgery. Patients with normal weight (17.5&lt; body mass index [BMI, kg/m2] ≤25, n = 53) and overweight/obese patients (BMI &gt;25, n = 53) were selected by a pair-matching method. Insulin resistance was evaluated by HOMA-R: fasting insulin (microU/L) × fasting glucose (nmol/L)/22.5. And insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family including IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were measured before beginning treatment. The amounts of visceral fat (aVAT) was measured by 3-dimensional volumetric software using the stocked computed tomography (CT) imaging data. The quality of VAT was assessed based on the mode value of CT Hounsfield Unit of VAT (VAT-HU) at navel level of CT axial view. The association between the former variables and the quality and quantity of VAT was analyzed. Cohort 2 included 271 patients who received chemotherapy in the neo-adjuvant (NAC) or adjuvant setting. Imaging analysis was performed in the same way, and the association between those values and survival outcome after chemotherapy was analyzed by retrospective chart review.
Results: In cohort 1, aVAT was significantly correlated with serum insulin and HOMA-R levels (Pearson's R 0.44 and 0.42, respectively; P&lt;0.05). On comparing the two groups divided by BMI, the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP3 were not significantly different between the normal weight and the overweight/obese groups (P = 0.31 and 0.77, respectively). However, the overweight/obese group demonstrated significantly higher HOMA-R (P&lt;0.05). In cohort 2, aVAT was significantly correlated with BMI (P&lt;0.05). In a multivariate analysis, pathological complete responses were not associated with aVAT (P = 0.60). After a median follow-up of 112 months, tertile stratification revealed that the third tertile of aVAT had a significantly shorter distant disease free survival (DDFS) in the NAC setting (p&lt;0.05). When adjusted by covariates in the Cox proportional regression model, aVAT and VAT-HU demonstrated significant contribution to a worsened DDFS ([p&lt;0.05, hazard ratio {HR} 1.39; 95% confidence interval {CI} 1.11 to 1.75] and [p&lt;0.05, HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.43], respectively).
Conclusions: Our study found that high amounts and low quality of VAT worsen treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we found that insulin resistance was related to those two factors. Although further validation is needed, our present work suggests the importance of evaluating the quality and quantity of visceral fat for estimating insulin resistance and treatment outcomes after chemotherapy for patients with early-stage BC.
Citation Format: Iwase T, Sangai T, Nagashima T, Sakakibara M, Fujimoto H, Sawabe Y, Nagashima K, Otsuka M. The quality and quantity of visceral fat tissue are associated with insulin resistance and survival outcome after chemotherapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-23.</jats:p
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