485 research outputs found
The interplay between biological stress and cellular aging: an epidemiological perspective
No full textPenninx, B.W.J.H. [Promotor]Milaneschi, Y. [Copromotor
Psicoterapia del disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo.
No full textLo scopo del capitolo è fornire una panoramica sulle ricerche applicate al trattamento del disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo. Vengono illustrati gli studi più significativi, con riferimento anche alle meta-analisi, fornendo le basi per l'applicazione clinica delle tecniche che si sono dimostrate efficaci per questo disturbo psichico
Staging of Major Depressive Disorder
No full textBeekman, A.T.F. [Promotor]Penninx, B.W.J.H. [Promotor]Milaneschi, Y. [Copromotor
Dipendenza da sostanze e compromissione di specifiche dimensioni del benessere psicologico: uno studio osservazionale
No full text
Psychosocial effects associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in Nigeria
No full textNel 2006, il virus dell'influenza aviaria H5N1 (HPAI H5N1), altamente patogeno, ha infettato gli allevamenti di pollo in Nigeria. Le epidemie hanno causato enormi perdite economiche con gravi implicazioni per la salute umana (zoonosi). I focolai hanno avuto effetti psico-sociali, non sufficientemente documentati, sugli agricoltori nigeriani. In questo studio sono stati analizzati i dati relativi a HPAI H5N1 in Nigeria, anche se nel Paese è stato segnalato solo un caso di decesso umano. Il virus HPAI H5N1 con i suoi effetti ha alterato il tessuto sociale e il benessere degli agricoltori (stress, traumi, parametri di vita alterati), colpendo duramente l'economia rurale. Lo studio ha evidenziato le conseguenze della comunicazione in Salute Pubblica, il successo delle misure di controllo messe in atto negli allevamenti di pollo, le strategie da intraprendere e gli ulteriori studi da compiere.Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) infected poultry in Nigeria in 2006. The outbreaks caused significant economic losses and had serious zoonotic repercussions. The outbreaks have also had psychosocial effects on Nigerian farmers. To date, empirical data on the effect of outbreaks on humans are scarce. In this study, field data on HPAI H5N1 in Nigeria were analysed. Although only one human case leading to death was reported in Nigeria, the fact that HPAI H5N1 caused a human death created a disruption in social order and in the well-being of farmers (stress, altered livelihood and trauma) and affected the rural economy. The implication of the above on health communication, the importance of successful control measures in poultry and policy implementation are stressed. Further studies are encouraged
Stressful life events, depression and demoralization as risk factors for acute coronary heart disease
No full textBackground: While the effect of psychological stress and depression on the course of heart disease is commonly recognized, the relationship between recent life events, major depression, depressive symptomatology and the onset of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) has been less considered. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of stressful life events, major and minor depression, recurrent depression and demoralization in the year preceding the occurrence of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and/or a first episode of instable angina and to compare stressful life events, also related with mood disorders, in patients and healthy controls. Methods: 97 consecutive patients with a first episode of CHD (91 with AMI and 6 with instable angina) and 97 healthy subjects matched for sociodemographic variables were included. All patients were interviewed with Paykel’s Interview for Recent Life Events, a semistructured interview for determining the psychiatric diagnosis of mood disorders (DSM-IV), a semistructured interview for demoralization (DCPR). Patients were assessed while on remission from the acute phase. The time period considered was the year preceding the first episode of CHD and the year before the interview for controls. Results: Patients with acute CHD reported significantly more life events than control subjects (p < 0.001). All categories of events (except entrance events) were significantly more frequent. 30% of patients were identified as suffering from a major depressive disorder; 9% of patients were suffering from minor depression, 20% from demoralization. Even though there was an overlap between major depression and demoralization (12%), 17% of patients with major depression were not classified as demoralized and 7% of patients with demoralization did not satisfy the criteria for major depression. Independently of mood disorders, patients had a higher (p < 0.001) mean number of life events than controls. With regard to life events, the same significant difference (p < 0.001) compared to controls applied to patients with and without mood disorders. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize, by means of reliable methodology, the relationship between life events and AMI. These data, together with those regarding traditional cardiac risk factors, may have clinical and prognostic implications to be verified in longitudinal studies
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