119 research outputs found
DETECTION OF PLASMA TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR, INTERLEUKIN-6, AND INTERLEUKIN-8 DURING THE JARISCH-HERXHEIMER REACTION OF RELAPSING FEVER
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Assessment of alcohol advertising practices in Ethiopia
No full textBackground: Alcohol advertising should be prepared with an appropriate sense of responsibility to the consumer public. In Ethiopia, some aspects of alcohol advertising practices contravene with standards.Objectives: To document alcohol advertising practices and explore perceptions about them in Ethiopia.Methods: A qualitative study was carried out in 2010, in the relevant institutions selected purposively from Addis Ababa: private media/advertising agencies, the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH)/ Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority, Ethiopian Public Health Association (EPHA), Ethiopian Medical Association (EMA), the Ethiopian Youth and Sports Ministry (MYS), Addis Ababa University (AAU), Addis Continental Institute of Public Health (ACIPH), the Ethiopian Broadcast Authority (EBA) and a brewery. Data were generated using indepth, face-to-face interviews with 18 professionals from the nine institutions. Slightly differing interview guides were used according to nature of institutions; thematic analysis of the data on transcribed interviews was performed.Results: Alcohol advertising practices in Ethiopia contravene with fundamental principles of marketing for alcoholic beverages. Advertisers use misleading information about alcoholic drinks, employ people with questionable legal age and use imagery that could be particularly appealing to young audiences. Lack of audience segmenting mechanisms in the media coupled with other forms of promotion such as sponsorships expose, even the very young, to alcohol advertisements.Conclusions: The existing practice of alcohol advertising in the country is against the interest of the public. All concerned stakeholders should be considered in alcohol related policy formulation, implementation and monitoring
Insufficient evidence of Jatropha curcas L. invasiveness: experimental observations in Burkina Faso
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Men's Attitude towards Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2000 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
No full textIn Ethiopia, family planning program is women slanting. Men '.r exclusion fromfamily planning strongly affects their preferred family size and attitude towardscOnlraceptive use. Some researchers also concluded toot women's attitude towardscontraception is strongly affected by their husband's attitudes. This article isdesigned to examine the influence of husband's attitude towards couple's currentcontraceptive use in Ethiopia. The 2000 Ethiopian Demographic Health Su",ey datais used as main data source. The qualitative data is also collected rhrough in·depthinte",iew from thirty·six currently married men in four regions (Tigray, Amhara,Oromiya and SNNPR). BOlh bivariate and multivariate analyses are applied in thestudy. Multilevel modeling was also further developed to identify the possiblecommunity level variation on couple 's current contraceptive use. Both bivariate andmultivariate analysis results showed that husband's approval of contraceptive /Lieand couple communicarion are statistically signijicanJ (at p<O.OI level ofsignificance) in contraceptive use, indicating that husbands who approve and discussfamily planning with partners oove positive altitude towards contraceptive use.Moreover, significant community level variations have beet! found in the multilevelmodel, demonstraring rhe existence of variation in husbands' attitude towardscontraceptive use across communities. The author suggests thaI the policy effortshould be made to enable men for realizing the positive consequence of theirapproval and discussion regarding family planning. Furthermore, the exisringfamilyplanning program in Ethiopia should focus on changing men's altitude towardsfamily planning
Theoretical Investigation of the Coexistence of Superconductivity and Ferromagnetism in Bi3Ni Superconductor
No full textThis research focuses on the theoretical investigation of the possible coexistence of superconductivity and
Ferromagnetism in Bi3Ni superconductor. By developing a model Hamiltonian for the system under consideration and
by employing double time temperature dependent Green’s function formalism and by applying a suitable decoupling
approximation technique, the possible coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Bi3Ni superconductor has
been shown to be a very distinct possibility. The phase diagrams of superconducting gap parameter (Δ) versus temperature
(T), the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and ferromagnetism order temperature (Tm) versus ferromagnetic
order parameter (η) have been plotted. Finally, by combining the two phase diagrams, the possible coexistence of
superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Bi3Ni superconductor has been demonstrated. The finding is in agreement with
the experimental observations.Esta investigación se centra en la investigación teórica de la posible coexistencia de superconductividad y
ferromagnetismo en el superconductor Bi3Ni. Al desarrollar un modelo Hamiltoniano para el sistema en consideración y
al emplear el formalismo de función de Green dependiente de la temperatura en doble tiempo y al aplicar una técnica de
aproximación de desacoplamiento adecuada, se ha demostrado que la posible coexistencia de superconductividad y
ferromagnetismo en el superconductor Bi3Ni es una posibilidad muy distinta. Se han trazado los diagramas de fase del
parámetro de brecha superconductora (Δ) versus temperatura (T), la temperatura de transición superconductora (Tc) y la
temperatura de orden de ferromagnetismo (Tm) versus el parámetro de orden ferromagnético (η). Finalmente, al combinar
los diagramas de dos fases, se ha demostrado la posible coexistencia de superconductividad y ferromagnetismo en el
superconductor Bi3Ni. El hallazgo está de acuerdo con las observaciones experimentales
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
No full textTheoretical investigation of upper critical magnetic field (Hc2) of the heavy fermion superconductor CeRhIn
No full textThis research work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the upper critical magnetic field of
superconductorCeRhIn5. By using the well known Ginzburg-Landau (GL) phenomenological equation, we found the
direct relationship between the GL coherence length (ξGL) and penetration depth (λGL) with temperature. From the GL
equations and the results obtained for the GL coherence length, the expression for the upper critical magnetic field
(HC2) is obtained for the superconductorCeRhIn5. The result is plotted as a function of temperature. The phase diagram
shows the linear dependence of upper critical magnetic field (HC2) with temperature (T). The current finding is in
agreement with experimental observations.Este trabajo de investigación se centra en la investigación teórica del campo magnético crítico superior del
superconductor CeRhIn5. Utilizando la conocida ecuación fenomenológica de Ginzburg-Landau (GL), encontramos la
relación directa entre la longitud de coherencia GL (ξGL) y la profundidad de penetración (λGL) con la temperatura. A
partir de las ecuaciones GL y los resultados obtenidos para la longitud de coherencia GL, se obtiene la expresión para el
campo magnético crítico superior (HC2) para el superconductorCeRhIn5. El resultado se representa en función de la
temperatura. El diagrama de fase muestra la dependencia lineal del campo magnético crítico superior (HC2) con la
temperatura (T). El hallazgo actual está de acuerdo con las observaciones experimentales
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy among adult type 2 diabetes patients in Adama, Ethiopia: health facility-based study
No full textAbstract Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most prominent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of ulceration, amputation, and extended hospitalization. Evidence regarding the magnitude and factors associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy is not well documented in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 293 adult type 2 diabetic patients who were on treatment and follow-up from May to June 31, 2023. To select participants in the study, a systematic random sampling method was utilized. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. The Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) was employed to assess diabetic peripheral neuropathy. To model the association between diabetic peripheral neuropathy and independent variables, binary logistic regression model was used. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the association and statistical significance was proclaimed at a p-value < 0.05. The magnitude of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 14.3% (95% CI 10.4–18.0). It was 13.4% (95% CI 8.4–19.1) among males and 15.4% (95% CI 10.1–22.2) among females. Age above 60 years (AOR = 5.06, 95% CI 1.60–15.96), being rural resident (AOR = 2.41; 95% CI 1.15–5.06), duration of diabetes above 5 years (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.16–5.27) and having comorbid hypertension (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.24–5.28) were independently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. One in seven adult type 2 diabetes patients in the study area had diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Factors such as age, place of residence, duration of diabetes, and comorbid hypertension showed positive associations with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Thus, it is imperative to give special consideration to diabetic patients who are elderly, living in rural areas, experiencing a prolonged duration of diabetes, or dealing with comorbid hypertension
Health-Related Quality-of-Life and Associated Factors Among Post-Partum Women in Arba Minch Town
No full textYirgalem Tola,1 Gistane Ayele,2 Negussie Boti,2 Manaye Yihune,2 Firdawek Gethahun,2 Zeleke Gebru2 1Arba Minch Health Science College, Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; 2Arba Minch University, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Arba Minch, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Negussie Boti Tel +251-920997752Email [email protected]: It is generally accepted that pregnancy and childbirth are natural physiological processes. However, these significantly affect the quality of mothers’ lives. Little is known about the level of quality-of-life and associated factors among postpartum women in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 409 randomly selected post-partum women who were living in Arba Minch town. Systematic random sampling was employed to select the study participants. The standard quality-of-life assessment tool which is known as the short-form SF 36 tool was used to assess health-related quality-of-life. The logistic regression model was used to identify associated factors. Statistically significant variables at a p-value< 0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were candidate variables for multi-variable analysis and statistical significance which was declared at a p-value< 0.05.Results: Among the study participants, 255 (62.3%) had lower level health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). About 46.2% of the study participants had lower physical HRQoL and about 79% of the study participants had lower mental HRQoL. The overall mean score of HRQoL was 45.15 (± 8.13). Factors associated with lower overall HRQoL were age group 17– 24 years (AOR=2.73, 95% CI=1.22– 6.10), no formal education [AOR 2.02, 95% CI (1.05– 3.89)], and cesarean delivery (AOR=0.49, 95% CI=0.24– 0.97). A factor associated with lower physical HRQoL was cesarean delivery (AOR=0.34, 95% CI=0.13– 0.88). Factors associated with lower mental HRQoL were age group 17– 24 (AOR=3.37, 95% CI=1.60– 7.04), not receiving antenatal care (AOR=3.65, 95% CI=1.45– 9.16), and having postpartum depression (AOR=2.27, 95% CI=1.30– 3.93).Conclusion: The results suggest that the majority of post-partum women had a lower HRQoL, particularly women’s mental health was compromised. In this study, a suggestion is made that the respective bodies need to give particular attention to mothers during the post-partum period to prevent poor quality-of-life.Keywords: post-partum women, health-related quality-of-lif
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