248,237 research outputs found
Mesopolobus mesoeminulus Sun & Xiao 2005
No full textMesopolobus mesoeminulus Sun & Xiao, 2005 (Fig. 12) Mesopolobus mesoeminulus Sun & Xiao, 2005: 832–833. Material examined. China. ♀ (holotype), Tibet Lhasa, 3 650 m, 27 August 2001, coll. Chaodong Zhu; 2♀ 9♂ (paratypes), same data as holotype; 1♀ (paratype), Tibet Xigazê, 3 960 m, 30 August 2001, coll. Chaodong Zhu. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Qinghai, Yunnan, Tibet).Published as part of Xiao, Hui, Sun, Lei, Jiao, Tianyang & Li, Zi, 2016, A revision of Chinese species of Mesopolobus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) with descriptions of four new species from China, pp. 64-81 in Zoological Systematics 41 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201604, http://zenodo.org/record/461757
Involving the private sector and PPPs in financing public investments: some opportunities and challenges
No full textGiven the paucity of public resources, it is important to consider relying on the private sector for financing public investments and infrastructure. There are considerable expectations concerning Public–Private-Partnerships (PPPs) in supplementing public resources, but also risk sharing with the public sector. However, these contracts are subject to abuse, given asymmetric information, and game-play across levels of government that lead to the risks being borne by the central government
or subsequent administrations. Specialized agencies can play a useful role in supporting subnational governments with the complex contracting arrangements needed for PPPs. We see that strengthened Public Financial Management is needed,
to track the build-up of liabilities at the subnational level, and also own-source revenues to ensure accountability. Uncertainty, including with climate change, may require different arrangements—and the options are addressed in a subsequent paper Ahmad, Vinella and Xiao (2017), but the risk-sharing aspects of PPPs may be relevant in many cases
Adaptive Weighted Expected Improvement With Rewards Approach in Kriging Assisted Electromagnetic Design
Full text linkThe paper explores kriging surrogate modelling combined with expected improvement approach for the design of electromagnetic devices. A novel algorithm based on the concept of rewards is proposed, tested and demonstrated in the context of TEAM Workshop Problem 22. Balancing exploration and exploitation is emphasized and robustness of the design considered
Apsilocera brevivena Xiao & Huang
No full textApsilocera brevivena Xiao & Huang Apsilocera brevivena Xiao & Huang, 2001: 8 –9. Diagnosis. Head transverse in anterior view, without ornamentation; malar space about 1 / 4 eye height; clypeal margin emarginate; clava brown. Only fore coxa dark; M about 1.5× as long as S. Metasoma brown (Xiao & Huang 2001). Distribution. China (Fujian). Hosts. Unknown. Comments. Apsilocera brevivena belongs to a group of species without ornamentation on the vertex. It appears to be more closely related to A. elongata, A. maculata and A. dupla. From all these species A. brevivena differs in having a shorter malar space and shorter vein M relative to vein S.Published as part of Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan & Achterberg, Cornelis Van, 2013, Revision of the Oriental species of Apsilocera Bouček (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae), with description of twelve new species, pp. 448-468 in Zootaxa 3717 (4) on page 459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3717.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/24809
Aster sanqingshanicus J. W. Xiao & W. P. Li
No full text<p> <i>Aster sanqingshanicus</i> J.W. Xiao & W.P. Li (Xiao <i>et al.</i> 2021: 8).</p> <p> <b>Type:—</b> <b>CHINA.</b> Jiangxi Province, Shangrao City, Mt Sanqing Scenic Area, alt. 1300 m, 118°04′10″E, 28°54′37″N, 3 June 2020, <i>Jia-Wei Xiao</i> XJW2020060304 (holotype: HNNU!; isotypes: HNNU) (Fig. 1).</p> <p> = <i>Aster sanqingensis</i> G.J. Zhang & T.G. Gao (Zhang <i>et al.</i> 2021: 630), <i>syn. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type:—</b> <b>CHINA.</b> Jiangxi Province, Mt. Sanqing, on the cliffs along the plank walkway, alt. 1450 m, 5 June 2017, <i>Guo-Jin Zhang</i> 350–1 (holotype: PE!) (Fig. 2).</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined:—</b> <b>CHINA.</b> Jiangxi Province, Shangrao City, Mt. Sinqing, alt. 1346 m, 118°04′09″ E, 28°54′18″ N, 8 October 2019, Jia-Wei Xiao, XJW2019100801 & XJW2019100802 (HNNU); Alt. 1400–1700 m, 9 June 1982, Anonymous 82–051 (LBG); 2 July 2016, Guo-Jin Zhang 347 (PE); 5 June 2017, Guo-Jin Zhang 350–2 (PE), 350–3 (PE), 350–4 (PE), 350–5 (PE); 22 July 2018, Guo-Jin Zhang & Jia-Hao Shen 368 (PE).</p> <p> For detailed description, phenology and conservation status see Xiao <i>et al</i>. (2021).</p>Published as part of <i>Xiao, Jia-Wei, Liu, Ting, Li, Wei-Ping & Yang, Xian-Jun, 2023, Aster sanqingensis (Asteraceae, Astereae), a synonym of Aster sanqingshanicus, pp. 87-90 in Phytotaxa 591 (1)</i> on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.591.1.11, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7784122">http://zenodo.org/record/7784122</a>
The Extension of Xiao
No full textMeinhof M, Zhang Y. The Extension of Xiao. In: He L, Gangopadhyay J, eds. Elderly Care Issues in China and India. Routledge studies on Asia in the world. 1st ed. London: Routledge; 2022.This chapter employs discourse analysis to show how state discourses in China depict the promotion of filial piety xiao as part of a larger civilizational project. We argue that state discourses extend xiao so that xiao within the family is depicted as a source of relations between citizens and the state, relations between younger and elder generations in the overall society, and as a basis for civil behavior in public. Based on the extension of xiao, an appellation of xiao as a principle organizing care and respect for the elderly in general, beyond support in kinship networks, takes place. Thus, the promotion of xiao as a traditional virtue of the Chinese people is at once part of a shift in Chinese state discourse toward tradition since the turn of the century, and at the same time connected to older discourses on improving the spiritual civilization of the Chinese people. This is put into practice through various localized approaches that are often based on high-modernist administrative tools, as we will show on the example of local volunteering projects
Towards Agent-oriented Model-Driven Architecture
No full textModel Driven Architecture supports the transformation from reusable models to executable software. Business representations, however, cannot be fully and explicitly represented in such models for direct transformation into running systems. Thus, once business needs change, the language abstractions used by MDA (e.g. Object Constraint Language / Action Semantics), being low level, have to be edited directly. We therefore describe an Agent-oriented Model Driven Architecture (AMDA) that uses a set of business models under continuous maintenance by business people, reflecting the current business needs and being associated with adaptive agents that interpret the captured knowledge to behave dynamically. Three contributions of the AMDA approach are identified: 1) to Agent-oriented Software Engineering, a method of building adaptive Multi-Agent Systems; 2) to MDA, a means of abstracting high level business-oriented models to align executable systems with their requirements at runtime; 3) to distributed systems, the interoperability of disparate components and services via the agent abstraction
Mesonemoura longiflagellata Xiao & Zhao & Qian & Du 2019, sp. nov.
No full textMesonemoura longiflagellata Xiao & Qian sp. nov. Figs. 1–10 Adult habitus. General color dark brown. Head dark brown to black, antennae dark brown, palpi brown. Thorax dark brown, pronotum trapezoid, wider than long, rugosities scattered. Legs dark brown, femora and tibiae with a yellowish band. Wings light brown, veins dark brown. Abdomen brown, terminal segments dark brown (Fig. 1). Male terminalia. Terga 1–7 sclerotized of the anterior area. Tergite 8 anteriorly sclerotized. Sterna 1–8 mostly membranous, laterally sometimes speckled. Tergite 9 sclerotized laterally and anteriorly, medially membranous, tiny bristles at the junction of the membranous and sclerotized area (Figs. 2, 6). Hypoproct of sternite 9 broad basally, abruptly tapering toward the apex, apically blunt; vesicle elliptical and slender, medially membranous (Fig. 3). Tergite 10 strongly sclerotized, medially membranous with sparse tiny bristles laterally of membranous area anteriorly of tergite 10 (Figs. 2, 5 6, 8). Epiproct slender, basally and marginally sclerotized, median portion membranous. Flagellum dark brown, long and broad basally, tapering slightly towards the apex, curved in dorsal view, tip blunt and membranous in dorsal and lateral view (Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7). Paraproct with 3 lobes: inner lobe sclerotized, apex bifurcate and pointed of the same length; median lobe consists of two parts, inside portion strongly sclerotized with tip with a row of tiny spines, outside portion membranous, shorter than inside portion and with many hairs, connected with outer lobe; outer lobe slender, entirely sclerotized, basal recurved along the cerci, tip blunt. (Figs. 3, 9). Cerci cylindrical, bearing many hairs, slightly bent inwards (Figs. 2, 3, 5, 6). Female terminalia. Pregenital plate on sternite 7 appears as an inverted triangle, posteriorly reaching anterior margin of sternite 8. Sternite 8 with sclerotized subgenital plate, semicircular and deeply indented in the middle. A pair of symmetrical arc-shaped lateral sclerites, a part under the middle of subgenital plate, and the other part stretches out the subgenital plate and reach the posterior margin of sternite 8. Sternite 9 sclerotized posteriorly and medially with indented membranous area. (Fig. 4, 10). Material examined. Holotype male, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Shangri-la City, Pudacuo National Park, 27°52’17” N, 99°54’26” E, 3879 m, 11 September 2017, Leg. Qian Xiao, Yu-Han Qian, Jia-Hao Chen. Paratypes: 3 males and 5 females, same data as holotype (ICSFU). 3 males and 2 females, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Shangrila City, Baima Snow Mountain Nature Reserve, 28°18’33” N, 99°8’9” E, 3514 m, 18 July 2017, Leg. Yu-Han Qian, Qian Xiao, Ming-Xue Xie, Jia-Hao Chen, Jin-Long Wei. Etymology. The Latin name “ longiflagellata ” means with a long flagellum, referring to the distinctly long flagellum of the epiproct. Remarks. The new species is apparently closely related to M. sbordonii Fochetti & Sezzi, 2000 from Yunnan Province of China, M. spiroflagellata (Wu, 1973) and M. sichuanensis Du & Ji, 2015 from Sichuan Province of China, M. tritaenia Li & Yang, 2007 from Henan Province of China. The male and female of M. longiflagellata can be distinguished from the M. sbordonii by the long flagellum without a forked tip and the pregenital plate of female not reaching sternite 9, and the semicircular subgenital plate with a pair of symmetrical arc-shaped lateral sclerites. Additionally, the male paraproct and the female pregenital plate of the new species differ from M. spiroflagellata and M. tritaenia. Mesonemoura longiflagellata also has a row of tiny spines on the tip of the median lobe of paraproct differing from M. sichuanensis.Published as part of Xiao, Qian, Zhao, Jing, Qian, Yu-Han & Du, Yu-Zhou, 2019, Two new species of Mesonemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from Yunnan Province of China, pp. 531-538 in Zootaxa 4565 (4) on pages 531-533, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/259135
Paracercopis unicolor Liang, Zhang & Xiao 2023, new species
No full textParacercopis unicolor Liang, Zhang & Xiao, new species (Figures 5A–C) Diagnosis. This new species can be distinguished from other known species in Paracercopis by its largest body size (the largest currently known species in Paracercopis); shining black head, pronotum and scutellum; and uniformly reddish brown forewings (Figs 5A, 5B). This new species is externally similar to P. fuscipennis (Haupt, 1924) (Fig. 5D) from China, but can be distinguished from the latter by the body distinctly much larger and more broad and the forewings reddish brown (Figs 5A, 5B). Description. Female. Body large, length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewing) 9.8–10.8 mm; oval in shape, shortly pilose, legs more strongly pilose. Coloration. Head (including face), pronotum and scutellum uniformly shining black. Compound eyes grey. Ocelli bright and pale yellowish. Antennae black, with flagellar aristae grey. Forewings reddish brown. Thorax beneath blackish. Legs fuscous to black. Abdomen black, with posterior abdominal segmental margin dark rose. Structure. Head short and broad, much narrower than pronotum, forwardly reclined; vertex transversely depressed in front of eyes, posterior disk convex; ocelli closer to each other than to eyes; postclypeus strongly inflated, moderately laterally compressed, upper three-fourths centrally, longitudinally, broadly sulcated (Fig. 5C); lateral areas with 10 transverse striae. Antennae with expanded flagellar base visible. Pronotum relatively large and broad, coarsely punctate, and faintly centrally longitudinally carinate, with basal and apical parts of central carina invisible; anterior lateral areas depressed, foveate on each side near anterior margin; anterior lateral margins arched and reflexed, anterior field strongly sloping to depressed vertex; posterior lateral margins longer than anterior lateral margins. Scutellum centrally foveate and impressed at apex (Fig. 5A). Forewings relatively broad, densely and finely punctate. Hindwings with Cu 1a and Cu 1b on short stalk, cross vein m-cu meeting Cu 1a well after furcation Cu 1a /Cu 1b, Cu 1b with basal half strongly arched against Cu2, fourth apical cell long and large. Posterior femora with one stout black-tipped spine on outer edge beyond middle and 12 black-tipped spines in two rows at apex. Male. Unknown. Host plants. Unknown. Type material examined. Holotype ♀, China: Hubei Province, Yichang, Wufeng County, Houhe National Nature Reserve, Xiaosuidao, 950 m, 15.v.2018 (E. Zhang, Y.Q. Wang, Q. Chen, D.M. Huang) (IZCAS). Paratypes. CHINA: Hubei Province: 2♀♀, Yichang, Wufeng County, Houhe National Nature Reserve, Jietou, 1163 m, 14.v.2018 (E. Zhang, Y.Q. Wang, R. H. Gong, Q. Chen, D.M. Huang); 3♀♀, Yichang, Wufeng County, Houhe National Nature Reserve, Yaowan, 1180 m, 12.v.2018 (X.Q. Zhu, R. H. Gong, D.M. Huang, Q. Chen); 2♀♀, Yichang, Wufeng County, Houhe National Nature Reserve, Shuikuwan, 1193 m, 10, 13.v.2018 (E. Zhang, Y.Q. Wang, R. H. Gong, P.Y. Zhang) (IZCAS, TNU). Other material examined (not syntypes). CHINA: 1♀, Hubei Province, Hefeng, 800–1200 m, 30.v.1989 (Wenzhen Ma) (IZCAS). Etymology. This new species is named for its uniformly reddish brown forewings (Figs 5A, 5B). Distribution. China (Hubei). Remarks. The male specimens and examination of male genitalic structures of this new species are needed.Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, Zhang, Pei-Yi, Zhu, Xiao-Qing, Wang, Ye-Qing & Xiao, Neng-Wen, 2023, The Oriental spittlebug genus Paracercopis Schmidt (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Cercopidae) revisited, with description of one new species from Hubei, China, pp. 232-242 in Zootaxa 5306 (2) on page 240, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/805877
Mesopolubus tongi Xiao 2016, sp. nov.
No full textMesopolubus tongi Xiao, sp. nov. (Figs 7–11) Female. Body (Figs 8–9) length 1.7 mm. Head and thorax black-green. Antenna yellow brown. Leg testaceous except coxa concolorous with thorax. Head width 1.18× as height in front view (Fig. 7), eyes separated by about 1.3× eye height, malar space 0.39× as eye height, lower face with antennal toruli to half of clypeus and gena with white hairs. Head 1.8× as broad as long in dorsal view, POL 2.33× OOL. Antenna with 3 transverse anelli, antennal insertion placed on the lower ocular line (Fig. 10), scape not reaching anterior ocellus, Fu 1 transverse, Fu 2 and Fu 3 quadrate, Fu 4 and Fu 5 slightly transverse, clava 1.75× as long as broad. Relative measurements: head width 47, height 40, dorsal length 26, frons width 30, eye height 23, malar space 9, scape length 21, clava length: width as 14: 8. Pronotum with collar margin indistinct; mesoscutum 0.65× as long as broad; propodeum with median carina and plica, lateral plica and shallow punctures; nucha short, with short longitudinal striation. Fore wing (Fig. 11) with basal vein and basal cell bare, marginal vein 1.65× postmarginal vein. Gaster sessile, 1.75× as long as broad; hypopygium at most 1/2 length of gaster. Relative measurements: mesoscutum width: length as 44: 29; marginal vein 33, postmarginal vein 20, stigmal vein 13, gaster length: width as 42: 24. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype. ♀, China, Hunan, Hengshan (27°18′N, 112°42′E), 7 September 1980, coll. Xinwang Tong (IZCAS). Diagnosis. The new species is close to M. teliformis (Walker) with the Fu 1 anellus like. The species can be identified by the gena with white hairs (without white hairs in M. teliformis), clava 1.75× as long as broad (1.6× in M. teliformis), and scape as long as eye height (shorter than eye height in M. teliformis). Etymology. The new species name is from the collector (Mr. Xinwang Tong) of the specimen. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Hunan).Published as part of Xiao, Hui, Sun, Lei, Jiao, Tianyang & Li, Zi, 2016, A revision of Chinese species of Mesopolobus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) with descriptions of four new species from China, pp. 64-81 in Zoological Systematics 41 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201604, http://zenodo.org/record/461757
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