22,167 research outputs found
The use of a multi-set-up, reduced-scale accelerated trafficking simulator for evaluating roadway systems and products
No full textThis paper describes the use of an accelerated trafficking device, the one-third scale model mobile load simulator (MMLS3), for evaluating roadway systems and products. While the majority of accelerated load testers have focused on investigating rutting behaviours and moisture damage susceptibility of bituminous materials, this paper sheds light on broader applications using the MMLS3, including accelerated tests on field sections, scaled pavement structures, roadway reflective markings, roadway slip-resistant plates, in addition to performance evaluation tests on hot-mix asphalt mixtures. Results of experiments for the various applications indicate that the MMLS3, when equipped with ancillary instrumentation and devices, is a valuable tool for investigating the structural responses of a roadway system and for evaluating the effectiveness and durability of roadway pavement products. This study shows that the results of accelerated trafficking tests using the MMLS3 are comparable with field full-scale accelerated tests due to the nature of similitude in the MMLS3 design. Using the MMLS3 for accelerated traffic testing for practical and research purposes in the area of pavement engineering is a reliable and economical alternative to full-scale accelerated testing, given the savings in the required time and resources. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Aktan F, 2004, TRANSPORT RES REC, P38; Al-Qadi L., 2007, TRB 2007 ANN M; Anderson D., 1984, 4 CYCLE PAVEMENT RES, V1; [Anonymous], 2007, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND; [Anonymous], 2007, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND; Barksdale R. D., 1989, 315 NCHRP TRANSP BOA; Bhattacharjee S., 2005, THESIS WORCESTER POL; Chehab G.R., 2007, FHWAPA2007009050110; Cooley Jr L. A., 2000, EC016 TRB NAT RES CO; Donnell ET, 2009, TRANSP RES RECORD, P76, DOI 10.3141-2107-08; Epps A. L., 2003, J TRANSPORTATION ENG, V129, P451, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:4(451); Epps A. L., 2001, 21341 TEX A M U TEX; Hufenus R, 2006, GEOTEXT GEOMEMBRANES, V24, P21, DOI 10.1016-j.geotexmem.2005.06.002; Hugo F. H., 2006, NCHRP SYNTHESIS HIGH; Kim S-M., 1995, 29141F U TEX CTR TRA; Lee S., 2003, THESIS N CAROLINA ST; Metcalf J. B., 1996, NCHRP SYNTHESIS HIGH; MLS Test Systems, 2003, MMLS3 OP MAN; Palacios C, 2008, PAVEMENT CRACKING: MECHANISMS, MODELING, DETECTION, TESTING AND CASE HISTORIES, P721; Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT, 1995, PENNS DEP TRANSP PUB; Perkins S. S., 1999, FHWAMT990018138 US D; Smit A., 2004, P 2 INT APT C US SEA; Smit A., 1999, FHWATX00018142 U TEX; Smit A., 2003, TRB 82 ANN M; Tang X., 2008, GEOTECHNICAL SPECIAL, P1049; Tang X., 2008, GEOTECHNICAL SPECIAL, P1089; Xiaochao Tang, 2008, INT J PAVEMENT ENG, V9, P413, DOI 10.1080-102984308022798270
Surveying silk fibre degradation by crystallinity determination: a study on the Tang-Dynasty silk treasure from Famen Temple, China
No full textWhen Chinese archaeologists opened an unknown vault under the collapsed pagoda of Famen Temple near Xian (Shaanxi Province, NW China) in 1987, they found a vast amount of valuable silk textiles. The degraded textiles were part of a treasure comprising hundreds of artifacts deposited by Tang dynasty (ad 618–907) emperors as a gift to the temple. Run as a bilateral German-Chinese project, the Roemisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz established a textile conservation laboratory in Shaanxi´s provincial capital Xian in 2001, joining numerous other laboratories that have existed there since the early 1990s.This preliminary study represents part of an ongoing investigation programme that accompanies the conservation work. The Tang dynasty silk is generally in a very poor state of preservation as a result of its long burial period. Large sections have only survived as an amorphous brown mass of fibre debris. Some parts are better preserved, however, offering the unique opportunity to study the whole range of degradation stages on ancient silks.This preliminary scientific investigation focuses on the determination of the silk fibres’ crystallinity and its relation to the ageing process. As we know from modern material, silk is mainly crystalline, albeit in a somewhat amorphous state. The methods of investigation used were X-ray diffraction (XRD) using synchrotron radiation, which is a new way to determine crystallinity of ancient silk fibres; and polarized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the determination of crystallite orientation. Both methods were specifically devised to gain information on small single fibres
Occurrence of green mold disease on Dictyophora rubrovolvata caused by Trichoderma koningiopsis
No full textDictyophora rubrovolvata is an important edible mushroom that is widely cultivated in China. In 2019, a serious rot disease on D. rubrovolvata was observed in a mushroom production facility located in Ce Heng County, Southwest of Guizhou Province, China. The causal agent was identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene, and the RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2) gene followed by phylogenetic analysis. Koch's postulates were confirmed by a pathogenicity test that was conducted with healthy D. rubrovolvata, including re-isolation and identification. To our knowledge, this is worldwide the first report of T. koningiopsis as a pathogen on D. rubrovolvata causing green mold disease
Assessment of long-term risks of secondary cancer in paediatric patients with brain tumours after boron neutron capture therapy
No full textThis study firstly explored the risks of secondary cancer in healthy organs of Chinese paediatric patients with brain tumours after boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Three neutron beam irradiation geometries (i.e. right lateral, top to bottom, posterior to anterior) were adopted in treating patients with brain tumours under the clinical environment of BNCT. The concerned organs in this study were those with high cancer morbidity in China (e.g. lung, liver and stomach). The equivalent doses for these organs were calculated using Monte Carlo and anthropomorphic paediatric phantoms with Chinese physiological features. The risk of secondary cancer, characterised by the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) factor given in the BEIR VII report, was compared among the three irradiation geometries. The results showed that the LAR was lower with the PA irradiation geometry than with the two other irradiation geometries when the 2 cm diameter tumour was at a depth of 6 cm on the right side of the brain. Under the PA irradiation geometry, the LAR in the organs increased with increasing tumour volume and depth because of the long irradiation time. As the patients aged from 10-15 years old, the LAR decreased, which was related to the increased patient height and shortened life expectancy. Female patients had a relatively higher risk of secondary cancer than male patients in this study, which could be due to the thinner body thickness and the weaker protective effect on the internal organs of the female patients. In conclusion, the risks of secondary cancer in organs were related to irradiation geometries, gender, and age, indicating that the risk of secondary cancer is a personalised parameter that needs to be evaluated before administering BNCT, especially in patients with large or deep tumours
Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays D+→Λ ̄(Σ ̄0)e+ and D+→Λ(Σ0)e+
No full textUsing a 2.93 fb(-1) data sample of electron-positron collisions taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, which corresponds to (8296 +/- 31 +/- 64) x 10(3) D+ D- pairs, we search for the baryon and lepton number violating decays D+ -> (Lambda) over bar((Sigma) over bar (0))e(+) and D+ -> Lambda(Sigma(0))e(+). No obvious signals are found with the current statistics and upper limits on the branching fractions of these four decays are set at the level of 10(-6) at 90% confidence level
Measurement of e+e- →π+π-D+D- cross sections at center-of-mass energies from 4.190 to 4.946 GeV
No full textUsing data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the cross sections of the e+e-→π+π-D+D- process at center-of-mass energies from 4.190 to 4.946 GeV with a partial reconstruction method. Resonance structures are seen and the cross section line shape can be described by the coherent sum of either two Breit-Wigner functions or a Breit-Wigner function and a phase space term. The mass and width of the resonance at about 4.4 GeV are determined to be (4371.6±2.5±9.2) MeV/c2 and (167±4±29) MeV, respectively, which are in agreement with those of the ψ(4360) or Y(4390) state. The spin-3D-wave charmonium state X(3842) is searched for through the e+e-→π+π-X(3842)→π+π-D+D- process, and evidence with a significance of 4.2σ is found in the data samples with center-of-mass energies from 4.6 to 4.7 Ge
Pseudoplagiostoma dipterocarpicola X. Tang, R. S. Jayaward., K. D. Hyde, & J. C. Kang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textPseudoplagiostoma dipterocarpicola X. Tang, R.S. Jayaward., K.D. Hyde, & J.C. Kang, sp. nov. Index Fungorum number: IF559459; Facesoffungi number: FoF10497; FIGURE 2. Etymology: The epithet refers to the genus of the host plant, Dipterocarpus. Holotype: MFLU 21-0177 Associated with the twigs and fruits of Dipterocarpus sp. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Associated with the twigs of Dipterocarpus sp., coelomycetous. Conidiomata 63–153 μm long × 113–288 μm diam. (x̅ = 109 μm × 203 μm, n = 25) immersed in the twigs of the host, medium brown to dark brown, pycnidia with pale yellow cylindrical strips of exuding conidia, subglobose, subcuticular to epidermal, unilocular, and irregularly breaking through plant tissue at the centre. Conidiomata wall 6–23 μm wide, thin-walled, composed of 2–5 dark brown layers, thickest near the base of the conidiomata, pseudoparenchymatous cells textura angularis, intermixed with the host cells at the base and on the sides. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 5.0–11 μm × 1.0–2.5 μm (x̅ = 9 × 2.0 μm, n = 25), proliferating enteroblastically, appearing as phialides with thickenings and collarette or with a percurrent proliferation in the apical portion, discrete, arising from the inner cell layer, hyaline, smooth, ranging from cylindrical with a long, slimy cylindrical neck to ampulliform, straight and short when wider at the base. Conidia 9.0–22 μm × 4.0–7.5 μm (x̅ = 16 × 6 μm, n = 35), hyaline, ellipsoidal to elongated ellipsoidal, guttulate, smooth, thickwalled (0.5–1.5 μm), aseptate, apex broadly obtuse, straight or lightly curved at the base, with a prominent hilum or the hilum absent, frequently slightly narrow at the middle, the base tapering to a flat protruding scar. Culture characteristics: Colonies developing on PDA are incubated at room temperature and reach a diameter of 30 mm after 15 days, flat, spreading, with a fluffy, moderately mouse-gray mycelium. Surface lightly rough with pale gray hyphae, colonies somewhat sunken in the middle, and with an irregular edge. The reverse side dark brown but pale brown at the margins, lobate at the center and not pigmented. Material examined: Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, Mushroom Research Center, on dead twigs of Dipterocarpus sp., 08 August 2019, Xia Tang, Dip 31 (holotype: MFLU 21-0177; ex-type living culture: MFLUCC 21-0142), on dead fruits of Dipterocarpus sp., 08 August 2019, Xia Tang, Dip 16 (paratype: MFLU 21-0260; ex- paratype living culture: MFLUCC 21-0114). Notes: Pseudoplagiostoma dipterocarpicola forms a clade with P. mangiferae with highly support (78% ML, 68% MP and 1 BYPP), but P. dipterocarpicola can be easily distinguished from P. mangiferae. Pseudoplagiostoma dipterocarpicola has dark brown, conidiomata with a thick wall at the base, two types of conidiogenous cells, these ranging from cylindrical with a long, slimy cylindrical neck to ampulliform and wider at the base, straight, short and without paraphyses, whereas P. mangiferae has a yellowish brown conidiomata wall, cylindrical to ampulliform conidiomata that are wider at the base, straight conidiogenous cells and paraphyses (Cheewangkoon et al. 2010). Based on pairwise nucleotide comparisons, P. dipterocarpicola is different from P. mangiferae in 31/620 bp (3%) in ITS, 7/814 (0.98%) in LSU, 63/410 bp (15%) in tef1-α and 87/450 (19%) in tub2. Based on the combination of morphological characters and multigene phylogeny, we describe P. dipterocarpicola herein as a distinct species according to the guidelines of Jeewon and Hyde (2016).Published as part of Tang, Xia, Jayawardena, Ruvishika S., Stephenson, Steven L. & Kang, Ji-Chuan, 2022, A new species Pseudoplagiostoma dipterocarpicola (Pseudoplagiostomataceae, Diaporthales) found in northern Thailand on members of the Dipterocarpaceae, pp. 233-243 in Phytotaxa 543 (4) on pages 238-240, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/647939
Evaluation of using the Doppler shift effect of prompt gamma for measuring the carbon ion range in vivo for heterogeneous phantoms
No full textCarbon ion therapy is an advanced radiation treatment modality considering its distinct dose distribution and high biological effectiveness. However, carbon ion therapy has become more sensitive to the range uncertainty comparing to the traditional x-ray radiotherapy because of its steep dose distribution near the Bragg peak, which makes the benefits not been fully utilized. Prompt gamma (PG) spectroscopy is one of the potential choices to achieve the range verification in carbon ion therapy. In this paper, we describe that the Doppler shift effect causes the energy shift of PG (4.44 MeV) produced by the de-excitation of the flying 12C*, which makes PG spectroscopy an alternative method for range verification. In order to prove its feasibility of applying this method during patient treatment, Monte Carlo simulation and analytical calculation are compared to verify the accuracy with different materials and non-uniform geometry model. The proposed method is applied to range measurement in the homogeneous phantom filled with different materials (polyethylene, water, and adipose) and the Chinese hybrid radiation phantom with two different irradiated positions (chest and abdomen). Results show that the difference value is less than 2.1% for three homogeneous phantoms. Moreover, good conformance is obtained when using the Chinese hybrid radiation phantom in both irradiated positions. These results prove the feasibility of using the proposed method in a more complicated heterogeneous human model
Dianous rufidulus Shuai & Tang 2019, new species
No full text3. Dianous rufidulus Shuai & Tang, new species (Figs. 3, 4, 41–48) Type material. Holotype. China: Zhejiang: ♂, glued on a card with labels as follows: “ China: Zhejiang Province, Lin’an city, East Tianmushan, 9-15. VI.2000, Li-Zhen Li leg. ” “ Holotype / Dianous rufidulus / Shuai & Tang” [red handwritten label] (SHNU). Paratypes. 1♂, same data as for the holotype (SHNU); 1♂ 3♀♀, Longwangshan, 3.X.2003, Hu & Tang leg. (SHNU); 5♂♂ 8♀♀, Lin’an city, East Tianmushan, 1050-1150m, 13. VI.2011, Peng & Zhu leg. (SHNU, cPut). Description. Body black with plumbeous tinge, antennae dark brown except club reddish brown, legs reddish brown except apical two fifth of femora and basal one fifth of tibiae distinctly darken, maxillary palpi reddish brown with segment 1 lighter. Pubescence silvery to brownish, distinct on head and abdomen, nearly invisible on pronotum and median portion of elytra. BL: 4.5–5.3 mm, FL: 2.5–2.8 mm. HW: 1.00– 1.06 mm, PL: 0.77–0.85 mm, PW: 0.72–0.77 mm, EL: 1.07–1.20 mm, EW: 1.01–1.15 mm, SL: 0.88–1.02 mm. Head 0.85–0.99 times as wide as elytra; interocular area with deep longitudinal furrows, median portion as wide as the side portions and convex posteriorly, extending to the level of inner eye margins; punctures round to oval, those at the longitudinal furrows slightly confluent, those of the remaining area well delimited, diameter of punctures much wider than medial ommatidia of eyes; interstices smooth, rarely with few traces of reticulation, narrower than half the diameter of punctures at frons and near inner margin of eyes, interstices at the median portion varied from slightly narrower to slightly wider than diameter of punctures. Antennae relative long, when reflexed, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum. Pronotum 1.04–1.13 times as long as wide; disk uneven with transverse impression near anterior margin, two transverse impressions at about middle and transverse impression near posterior margin; punctures nearly as large as those of head, slightly confluent; interstices smooth, mostly narrower than half the diameter of punctures to narrower than diameter of punctures except few on median portion or near anterior and posterior margins, which may be a little wider than diameter of punctures. Elytra 1.01–1.08 times as long as wide; disk relatively even; punctation strongly confluent, interstices smooth and rugae-like, long rugae at inner half portion direct from suture to midlateral portion. Metasternum with median area impressed, sparsely punctate, diameter of punctures similar to those of head, interstices rather shiny though with shallow reticulation. Legs slender, metatarsomere I slightly shorter than the following three segments combined, metatarsomere IV simple. Abdomen semi-cylindrical with broad, horizontal and densely punctate paratergites, width of paratergites of segment IV as wide as median cross section of metatibia; posterior margin of tergite VII with palisade fringe; punctures variable in size, those on basal half of abdominal tergites III–VII similar to or slightly smaller than punctures of head, those on the remain portions of abdominal tergites III–VII distinctly smaller than ommatidia of eyes, those on tergite VIII about as large as ommatidia of eyes; interstices shallowly reticulated on abdominal tergites III–VII except the basal half to basal third of tergites III–VII which are nearly smooth, interstices varying from as wide as the diameter of punctures to much wider than diameter of punctures. Male. Tergites X (Fig. 43) slightly emarginated in the middle of posterior margin; sternite VII slightly impressed at posteromedian part, posterior margin of the impression slightly emarginated; sternite VIII (Fig. 41) widely emarginated in the middle of posterior margin; sternite IX (Fig. 47) with apicolateral projections long, posterior margin indistinctly serrate. Aedeagus (Figs. 45, 46) slender, apical sclerotized area of median lobe subtriangular with lateral corners strongly prominent, dorsal surface covered with short setae; internal sac with long basal tube; parameres slender, distinctly longer than median lobe, each with 14–18 setae on inner side of apical portion. Female. Tergites X (Fig. 44) narrower than that of male with posterior margin entire; Sternite VIII (Fig. 42) distinctly prominent at middle of posterior margin; valvifer (Fig. 48) acute apically. Distribution. China (Zhejiang). Etymology. The specific name “rufidulus” means red tint. Remarks. The new species belongs to the Dianous ocellatus -complex and in general face it is similar to Dianous rugosipennis Puthz, 2000 from Fujian, Zhejiang and Anhui. The new species is now only known from Longwangshan and East Tianmushan, while D. rugosipennis can be also found from above localities and even from the same rock. The new species can be distinguished from D. rugosipennis by reddish legs (blackish in D. rugosipennis), smaller body size in average and by more prominent lateral corners in apical sclerotized area of aedeagus.Published as part of Shuai, Qi & Tang, Liang, 2019, The genus Dianous in Zhejiang, East China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 275-295 in Zootaxa 4706 (2) on pages 282-283, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/356738
FIGURES 25–40. 25–32 Dianous coeruleotinctus 33–40 D. coeruleovestitus 25, 33 male sternite VIII 26, 34 female sternite VIII 27, 35 male tergites IX and X 28, 36 female tergites IX and X 29, 30, 37, 38 aedeagus 31, 39 male sternite IX 32, 40 in The genus Dianous in Zhejiang, East China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
No full textFIGURES 25–40. 25–32 Dianous coeruleotinctus 33–40 D. coeruleovestitus 25, 33 male sternite VIII 26, 34 female sternite VIII 27, 35 male tergites IX and X 28, 36 female tergites IX and X 29, 30, 37, 38 aedeagus 31, 39 male sternite IX 32, 40 valvifer. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.Published as part of Shuai, Qi & Tang, Liang, 2019, The genus Dianous in Zhejiang, East China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 275-295 in Zootaxa 4706 (2) on page 281, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/356738
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