40,062 research outputs found
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of adjuvant oral capecitabine vs intravenous 5-FU/LV in Dukes' C colon cancer: the X-ACT trial
No full textOral capecitabine (Xeloda<sup>®</sup>) is an effective drug with favourable safety in adjuvant and metastatic colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin-based therapy is becoming standard for Dukes' C colon cancer in patients suitable for combination therapy, but is not yet approved by the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the adjuvant setting. Adjuvant capecitabine is at least as effective as 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV), with significant superiority in relapse-free survival and a trend towards improved disease-free and overall survival. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant capecitabine from payer (UK National Health Service (NHS)) and societal perspectives. We used clinical trial data and published sources to estimate incremental direct and societal costs and gains in quality-adjusted life months (QALMs). Acquisition costs were higher for capecitabine than 5-FU/LV, but higher 5-FU/LV administration costs resulted in 57% lower chemotherapy costs for capecitabine. Capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV-associated adverse events required fewer medications and hospitalisations (cost savings £3653). Societal costs, including patient travel/time costs, were reduced by >75% with capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV (cost savings £1318), with lifetime gain in QALMs of 9 months. Medical resource utilisation is significantly decreased with capecitabine vs 5-FU/LV, with cost savings to the NHS and society. Capecitabine is also projected to increase life expectancy vs 5-FU/LV. Cost savings and better outcomes make capecitabine a preferred adjuvant therapy for Dukes' C colon cancer. This pharmacoeconomic analysis strongly supports replacing 5-FU/LV with capecitabine in the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer in the UK
Influence of ac ageing on space charge dynamics in LDPE
No full textPolymeric materials have been widely used as insulation in power industry due to their excellent electrical properties. However, these properties deteriorate in time irreversibly when the material is subjected to electric stress. Although space charge is believed to play an important role in ac ageing, exact mechanisms are poorly understood due to very limited experimental data. In the present work efforts have been made to investigate the influence of ac ageing on space charge dynamics in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). LDPE films with 200mm were aged at 50 kV/mm at 50 Hz for various times at ambient temperature. Space charge dynamics in the samples prior to and after ageing were monitored using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique under dc electric stress. The results indicate that there is a significant amount of homocharge accumulation in the unaged sample due to charge injection. These injected charges are the captured by the deep traps originated from the interface between crystalline and amorphous regions in LDPE. Ageing under ac condition does not necessarily lead to an increase in amount of charge in the bulk but leads to an increase in mobility of charge carriers. Chemical analysis by infrared spectroscope (FTIR) reveals there are chemical changes taken place in the bulk of the material after ac ageing. It is believed that the chemical changes introduce shallow traps which promote the movement of charge carriers in the bulk. Consequently, the injected charges spread across the sample
Kung-Fu Exhibition program, May 5, 1984
No full text1984Established in 1963, the Seattle Kung Fu Club offers traditional martial arts classes for adults and children in Seattle's International District neighborhood. The program pictured here is from a Kung-Fu exhibition presented by the club on May 5, 1984, at the Seattle Center Arena (now KeyArena)"Caption information source: https://www.seattlekungfuclub.com.1 program (28 p." 8.5 x 11 in
Kinetic modeling of 5-FU-loaded SLNs.
No full textThe present study aimed to prepare solid lipid-based nanoparticles (SLNs) using Precirol® ATO 5 as solid lipid and Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80 as surfactant and co-surfactant respectively, and SLNs-derived gel for sustained delivery, enhanced in-vitro cytotoxicity, enhanced cellular uptake of 5-FU and enhanced permeation of 5-FU across the skin. The 5-FU-loaded SLNs were prepared by the hot melt encapsulation method and converted into SLN-derived gel using a gelling agent (Carbopol 940). The 5-FU-loaded SLNs had a particle size in the range of 76.82±1.48 to 327±4.46 nm, zeta potential between -11.3±2.11 and -28.4±2.40 mV, and entrapment efficiency (%) in range of 63.46±1.13 and 76.08±2.42. The FTIR analysis depicted that there was no chemical interaction between 5-FU and formulation components. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis showed thermal stability of 5-FU in the nanoparticles and powdered X-ray diffraction analysis revealed successful incorporation of 5-FU in nanoparticles. The in-vitro release study of 5-FU-loaded SLNs showed biphasic release behavior with initial burst release followed by sustained release over 48 hr. The 5-FU-loaded SLNs showed a greater cytotoxic effect on skin melanoma (B16F10 cells) and squamous cell carcinoma (A-431 cells) as compared to free 5-FU drug solution after 48 hr. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy displayed enhanced quantitative and qualitative cellular uptake of SLNs. The SLNs formulation showed acceptable safety and biocompatible profile after an acute toxicity study in Wistar rats. Moreover, ex-vivo permeation studies depicted 2.13±0.076 folds enhanced flux of 5-FU-loaded SLN derived gel compared to 5-FU plain gel, and skin retention studies revealed target efficiency (%) 2.54±0.03 of 5-FU-loaded SLN derived gel compared to 5-FU plain gel.</div
Space Charge Behaviour in LDPE after AC Ageing
No full textSpace charge accumulation after ac ageing and its effect on dc poling has been studied in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). LDPE film samples with thickness of around 180mm were aged at an electric stress of 50kV/mm under 50 Hz ac voltage for various times at ambient temperature. Space charge dynamics in the samples after ageing were monitored using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique. Except the presence of considerable amount of space charge accumulation in the aged sample, the ageing has also brought a significant influence into the space dynamic under dc poling voltage. The ageing extent was previously investigated by chemical analysis (i.e. Fourier Transform Infrared FTIR and Raman spectrum) revealed little change taken place in the bulk of the material after ac ageing in the time frame studied. This indicates that the space charge measurement may be an effective method for diagnosing the early stage of material deterioration. It also provides additional information about charge mobility and trap depth that can be extracted from space charge profile
A three-dimensional non-local lattice bond model for fracturing behavior prediction in brittle solids
No full textIn this paper, a 3D non-local lattice bond model is proposed to model fracturing behaviors of materials. First, the formulations and detailed derivation for three-dimensional non-local lattice bond models are obtained by comparing the strain energy stored in a discrete lattice with the classical continuum strain energy. Then, the capabilities of three-dimensional non-local lattice bond models are verified using benchmarks. To further assess the performance of the non-local lattice bond model, fracturing behaviors in brittle solids are predicted. Compared with the previous numerical results, the proposed model demonstrates better performances, which are more consistent with the experimental observations. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V
Zhong fu tang xu xuan lin zheng zhi nan
No full textV.1-8. 臨證指南醫案 : 十卷 -- v.9-10. 種福堂續選臨證指南 : 種福堂公選溫熱論醫案 : 卷一 -- 種福堂公選良方 : 卷二至四.V.1-8. Lin zheng zhi nan yi an : shi juan -- v.9-10. Zhong fu tang xu xuan lin zheng zhi nan : Zhong fu tang gong xuan wen re lun yi an : juan yi -- Zhong fu tang gong xuan liang fang : juan er zhi si.葉桂著 ; 李大瞻, 華南田, 邵銘同較. 種福堂續選臨證指南 : 四卷 / [葉桂論] ; 苕溪漫士重較刊.綫裝.框12.9x10.1公分, 分上下欄. 上欄註解小字每行2字, 下欄正文10行22字, 無界行. 白口, 左右雙邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名,中鐫卷次及小題, 下鐫葉次. 眉端刻評.《種福堂續選臨證指南》題名據總目.刻書年據序.書名頁刻"臨證指南醫案評本, 聚益堂藏板" ; 卷端題下署"丁丑正月苕溪漫士臨本"《中國中醫古籍總目》11332著錄清乾隆刻本聚益堂藏板.鈐"莊兆祥印"朱, 白文各一方.Xian zhuang.Kuang 12.9 x 10.1 gong fen, fen shang xia lan. Shang lan zhu jie xiao zi mei hang 2 zi, xia lan zheng wen 10 hang 22 zi, wu jie hang. Bai kou, zuo you shuang bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan juan ci ji xiao ti, xia juan ye ci. Mei duan ke ping."Zhong fu tang xu xuan lin zheng zhi nan" ti ming ju zong mu.Ke shu nian ju xu.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Ye Gui zhu ; Li Dazhan, Hua Nantian, Shao Ming tong jiao. Zhong fu tang xu xuan lin zheng zhi nan : si juan / [Ye Gui lun] ; Tiaoxi Man shi chong jiao kan.Qian "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin" zhu, bai wen ge yi fang
Non-genomic sex steroid actions in the vascular system
No full textSex steroid receptors (SRs) traditionally have been regarded as transcription factors regulating the expression of target genes. However, alternative mechanisms of signal transduction have been identified recently. These actions of sex steroids do not require gene expression or protein synthesis and are independent of the nuclear localization of the receptors. Indeed, some of these actions are elicited by SRs at the plasma membrane. In the recent years significant advances have been made in the characterization of these rapid actions of sex steroids in the vascular system. Prototypical non-genomic actions of sex steroids at this level include the induction of rapid vasodilatation as well as anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic actions. Ubiquitous signaling pathways traditionally believed to mediate the signals of growth factors or cytokines have been found to be recruited by sex steroid hormones via their receptors. These include tyrosine kinases, c-Src, G proteins, phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase/Akt, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. These cascades lead to rapid actions, such as the activation of nitric oxide synthesis, but are also critical for the regulation of the expression of several target genes in the nucleus, indicating a tight integration of the non-genomic and genomic pathways of sex steroid signaling. The understanding of the molecular basis of the non-genomic actions of sex steroids on the vascular system is important, and may become relevant for clinical purposes in the future
Lei jing fu yi
No full textV.1-29. 類經 : 三十二卷 -- v.30-38. 類經圖翼 : 十一卷 -- v.39-40. 類經附翼 : 四卷.V.1-29. Lei jing : san shi er juan -- v.30-38. Lei jing tu yi : shi yi juan -- v.39-40. Lei jing fu yi : si juan.張介賓類註. 類經圖翼 : 十一卷 / 張介賓著. 類經附翼 : 四卷 / 張介賓撰.綫裝.框13.4x9.8公分, 8行18字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 四周單邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名及卷次, 中鐫小題, 下鐫葉次.書名頁刻"嘉慶四年仲春鐫, 圖翼附翼合刻, 天德堂藏板, 金閶萃英堂梓"《中國中醫古籍總目》00034著錄明天啓四年刻本及清嘉慶四年金閶萃英堂刻本.鈐"莊兆祥印"朱, 白文各一方.Xian zhuang.Kuang 13.4 x 9.8 gong fen, 8 hang 18 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, si zhou dan bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming ji juan ci, zhong juan xiao ti, xia juan ye ci.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Zhang Jiebin lei zhu. Lei jing tu yi : shi yi juan / Zhang Jiebin zhu. Lei jing fu yi : si juan / Zhang Jiebin zhuan.Qian "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin" zhu, bai wen ge yi fang
Lei jing fu yi
No full text[V.1-24]. 類經 : 三十二卷 -- [v.25-30]. 類經圖翼 : 十一卷 -- [v.31-32]. 類經附翼 : 四卷.[V.1-24]. Lei jing : san shi er juan -- [v.25-30]. Lei jing tu yi : shi yi juan -- [v.31-32]. Lei jing fu yi : si juan.張介賓類註. 類經圖翼 : 十一卷 / 張介賓著. 類經附翼 : 四卷 / 張介賓撰.綫裝, 2函.框21.5x14.7公分, 8行18字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 四周單邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名及卷次, 中鐫小題, 下鐫葉次及"會稽謝應魁鐫"書名頁刻"張氏類經, 圖翼附翼合刻, 嘉慶四年仲春鎸, 金閶萃英堂梓行".《中國中醫古籍總目》00034著錄.鈐"莊兆祥印", "莊兆祥".Xian zhuang, 2 han.Kuang 21.5 x 14.7 gong fen, 8 hang 18 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, si zhou dan bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming ji juan ci, zhong juan xiao ti, xia juan ye ci ji "Kuaiji Xie Yingkui juan"Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Zhang Jiebin lei zhu. Lei jing tu yi : shi yi juan / Zhang Jiebin zhu. Lei jing fu yi : si juan / Zhang Jiebin zhuan.Qian "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin", "Zhuang Zhaoxiang"
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