117,354 research outputs found
Identifying young driver subtypes: Relationship to risky driving and crash involvement
No full textLisa Wundersitz and N. Burnshttps://www.ashgate.com/shopping/title.asp?isbn=0%207546%204430%20
Annual performance indicators of enforced driver behaviours, 2002
No full textThe Centre for Automotive Safety Research at the University of Adelaide was commissioned by Transport SA to
produce a report quantifying the effects of selected enforced driver behaviours: drink driving, speeding and restraint
use, in South Australia for the calendar year 2002. The level of random breath testing (RBT) has increased
substantially such that the annual average rate of testing was 2 tests for every 3 licensed drivers in 2002. An
inverse relationship between detection rates and publicity expenditure suggests current publicity campaigns are
supporting enforcement operations.
Overall, speeding detection rates in 2002 decreased, especially speed camera detection rates. However, speeding
detection rates were heavily influenced by police enforcement strategies and practices. Rural speed surveys
indicated that the mean free speed decreased from 2000 to 2002 on 100km/h roads but showed no meaningful
change on 60km/h and 110km/h roads each year.
Determining the effectiveness of restraint use enforcement was very difficult because no specific restraint
enforcement campaigns were undertaken. In the absence of available restraint enforcement details, the number of
restraint related offences committed annually was used to provide a rough estimate of enforcement activities.
Reasonably consistent observational surveys were useful in providing an indication of restraint wearing rates over
time in a number of regions. The surveys indicated that both metropolitan and rural wearing rates increased in 2002
to a level of 96 per cent, just above the national target of 95 per cent.L.N. Wundersitz and A.J. McLea
Annual performance indicators of enforced driver behaviours in South Australia, 2007
No full textThis report was produced to quantify performance indicators for selected enforced driver behaviours (drink driving, drug driving, speeding and restraint use) in South Australia for the calendar year 2007. The level of random breath testing (RBT) in South Australia in 2007 decreased slightly but remained at a relatively high level. The proportion of tests conducted using mobile RBT continued to increase. The detection rate based on evidentiary testing increased in 2007 to the highest level on record, while the detection rate for screening tests decreased. Detection rates in South Australia were comparable with those in other states. Just over 12,000 drug tests were conducted during 2007, the first full year of random drug testing. Relative to other Australian jurisdictions supplying comparative data, South Australia had the highest testing rate per head of population. Around 24 drivers per 1,000 tested were confirmed positive for at least one of the three prescribed drugs with methylamphetamine the most commonly detected drug. Of the fatally injured drivers who were drug tested in 2007, 25 per cent tested positive for illicit drugs. There was a slight decrease in the number of hours spent on speed detection in 2007. Nevertheless, the total number of speed detections increased, with increases observed for speed camera and red light/speed cameras, the latter most likely due to the expansion of the program. The detection rate (per hour of enforcement and per 1,000 vehicles passing speed cameras) increased by around 30 per cent. Data from systematic speed surveys, introduced in 2007, indicated that travelling speeds on South Australian roads were increasing. The number of restraint offences in 2007 decreased by 14 per cent. Males were charged with more restraint offences and were more likely to be unrestrained in fatal and serious injury crashes than females, indicating that males remain an important target for restraint enforcement. The 2007 publicity campaign focused on the consequences of not using restraints rather than increasing the perceived risk of detection.LN Wundersitz, K Hiranandani, MRJ Baldoc
The relative contribution of system failures and extreme behaviour in South Australian crashes
No full textAbstract not availableLisa Wundersitz, Matthew Baldock, Simon Rafter
Best practice review of drink driving enforcement in South Australia
No full textThe Drug and Alcohol Task Force of the Road Safety Advisory Council has initiated this project to maximise the effects of drink driving enforcement in South Australia. This report describes the outcome of a review based on an international literature review, analysis of police data, comparisons with interstate data and discussions with personnel at varying levels within the hierarchy of the SA Police. Ways in which drink driving enforcement may be enhanced in South Australia are discussed.L.N. Wundersitz, J.E. Woolle
Evidence-based road safety interventions to prevent regional and remote road trauma
No full textAbstract #564Tana Tan, Lisa Wundersitz, Chris Stokes, Kenn Beer, Craig Kloeden, Paul Zlatkovi
Exposure to risk on the roads
No full textThe concept of “exposure” to risk is used in the context that number of crashes is the product of exposure to risk and the rate of crashes per unit of exposure. In a practical sense, exposure refers to quantities such as distance travelled, time spent travelling, or number of vehicles passing a point. Comparison of crash rates of different groups of people, different types of vehicle, different roads, different environmental conditions, and so on, may be desired. This paper will examine vehicle registration data, counts of vehicles, surveys of vehicle use, and what is termed induced exposure that attempts to infer risk by distinguishing between crashes in which a party is “innocent” or “responsible”. The concept of exposure has not yet achieved all that has been wished for in road safety research, because of problems with both the concept and its practical measurement. However, new technology offers considerable potential.Hutchinson, T. P.; Wundersitz, L. N.; Anderson, R. W. G.; and Kloeden, C. N
Identifying and improving exposure measures
No full textExposure information, accompanied by comparable crash data, allows the identification of specific high crash risk groups and road environments that can be targeted by appropriate road safety measures. This report aimed to firstly identify the current sources of exposure data available in South Australia and examine their limitations and secondly, make recommendations about the most useful measures of exposure for road safety and how they might best be obtained. Based on a review of the international literature, examination of relevant databases and discussions with organizations collecting exposure data, a list of sources of exposure data available in South Australia was produced, acknowledging any limitations associated with the data. A discussion of the usefulness of exposure measures in road safety, in general terms and specific to South Australia, concluded with comments on four possible strategies for collecting better exposure data in the future: data collection by conventional means, the use of new technology for data collection, better theoretical understanding of induced exposure methods and the collection of compatible exposure data for road crash research.LN Wundersitz and TP Hutchinso
On-road observational survey of restraint and child restraint use, 2009
No full textOn-road observational surveys of restraint use provide a valuable means of obtaining information on the current level of restraint use and on the characteristics (vehicle, occupant, location) of non-use of restraints. Several observational surveys of restraint use in passenger vehicles have been conducted in South Australia between 1998 and 2002. This report presents the results of a new on-road observational survey undertaken in March 2009 to monitor the levels of restraint use by occupants of passenger vehicles in areas previously surveyed in South Australia: metropolitan Adelaide and five rural regions. Trained field observers recorded the vehicle type, plates displayed on the vehicle, and the seating position, gender and restraint use of vehicle occupants including the uses and types of any child restraints. For the first time in this series of surveys, restraint use was observed on weekends in addition to weekdays. Observed rates of restraint wearing for all vehicle occupants were relatively high, ranging from 98.9% in Murray Bridge (on a weekend) to 96.8% in Clare (on a weekday). Rear seat passengers had the lowest observed rates of restraint wearing. Adult males wore seat belts less often than adult females. Child restraint use varied by region but was relatively high. Findings from this survey might assist in the development of restraint use publicity campaigns and the monitoring of their effectiveness.L.N. Wundersitz and R.W.G. Anderso
What can we learn from recent evaluations of road safety mass media campaigns?
No full textMass media campaigns can play an important role in promoting road safety issues to a large proportion of the population. In order to understand what elements make a road safety mass media campaign effective and how we might enhance future campaigns, a review of the literature published during the last decade was conducted. Any general principles concerning effective mass media campaign design and development were identified within the literature. Following this, recent evaluations of road safety mass media campaigns were examined to determine whether campaigns were adopting these best practice principles and the quality of these evaluations was reviewed. A number of broad principles that can enhance the effectiveness of road safety mass media campaigns were identified. While campaign designers appear to be increasingly adhering to these principles, there is still much room for improvement. Closer examination of the road safety campaigns revealed that few were subject to thorough scientific evaluation. It is suggested that evaluations may need to be based on 'before and after' comparison of behaviours or variables that can be objectively observed and are closely linked to safety.Lisa Wundersitz and T. Paul Hutchinso
- …
