123,334 research outputs found
Balticoroma Wunderlich, 2004, n. gen.
No full textBalticoroma n. gen. Photos 143-151 Remark: WEITSCHAT & WICHARD (2002: 72) published the name Balticorma (misspelling!) as a nomen nudum; see below, B. serafinorum. Diagnosis: A "paracymbium" is present as a large retrodorsal outgrowth (fig. 5b, 13), several bulbus sclerites and a large functional conductor are present. Type species: Balticoroma reschi n. sp. - Further species: Four fossil species (see the cladogram) as well as one or two extant species from SE-Asia: B. maculosa (Ol 1960) (sub Comaroma, n. comb.) and probably B. nakahirai (YAGINUMA 1959) (sub Archerius, later transferred to Comaroma)? unknown) (questionable n. comb.). Relationships: See Comaroma. Distribution: Extant: SE-Asia (Japan, Korea), fossil: Baltic amber forest, incl. Bitterfeld.Published as part of Wunderlich, J., 2004, Descriptions of the remaining fossil spider taxa (excl. Mygalomorpha, Dysderoidea, Eresoidea and Oecobioidea) / Beschreibung der übrigen fossilen Spinnen-Gruppe (excl. Längskieferspinnen, Sechsaugenspinnen-Verwandten, Röhrenspinnen-Verwandten und Scheibennetzspinnen-Verwandten), pp. 1035 in Beitr. Araneol. 3 on page 103
Spatiator martensi Wunderlich, 2006, n. sp.
No full textSpatiator martensi n. sp. Figs 1 –3, 5 Type material: Male holotype in Baltic amber, its origin is most probably the region of Kaliningrad (Königsberg), F 1688 /BB/AR/ CJW, SMF. Derivatio nominis: This species is dedicated to Prof. Jochen Martens, University of Mainz, who discovered numerous arachnids which were new to science; I had the pleasure to describe some of the spiders which were collected by J. Martens in Nepal. J. Martens and the present author have been in close and best contact for 35 years. Diagnosis ( ♂; Ψ unknown ): Close to Spatiator praeceps, but embolus in S. martensi n. sp. not that slender, forming a large triangle, and tips of embolus and conductor separated (Fig. 3). Description ( ♂ ): Measurements (in mm): Body length 4.3, prosomal length 2.1, opisthosoma: Length 1.9, width 1.3; leg I: Femur 1.3, patella 1.7, tibia 1.15, metatarsus 0.85, tarsus 0.8, tibia IV 1.5, its diameter 0.14. Color: Body and legs dark brown, opisthosoma yellow brown. Prosoma (Figs 1, 5) ca. 1.7 times longer than wide, cephalic part distinctly raised, thoracic fissure long, setae indistinct, mostly short, cuticula fairly rugose. 8 eyes in two rows, anterior median eyes distinctly largest, posterior row distinctly procurved. Basal cheliceral articles large, retrolaterally with a large field of stridulatory files, fangs short, peg teeth hidden. Gnathocoxae converging above the labium which is long and slender. Sternum finely rugose, prolongated between the coxae IV. Petiolus is long and apparently symmetrically bipartite. Legs fairly long and slender, order IV/I/II/III, bristles absent, setae short and indistinct Tibia and metatarsus I slightly bent, bearing some prodorsal to prolateral spatulate setae, tarsi I–II bear a weak ventral pseudoscopula, metatarsus III bears a dense field of long ventral preening setae in the distal half. Opisthosoma (Figs 1, 5) oval, 1.45 times longer than wide, dorsally covered with short setae and hardened (apparently leathery) along its whole length. Epigaster sclerotized, lung covers hairless, small; epiandrous gland spigots absent. Spinnerets short and partly hidden. Pedipalpus (Figs 2–3) fairly small, with stout articles, tibia with a short prodorsal bristle and at least one dorsal trichobothrium. Cymbium wide, enclosing the bulbus, with few strong prodorsal setae besides long normal setae, bulbus long, tegulum large, embolus in a retroventral position, conductor distinctly separate from the embolus and in a more prolateral position and bent distally to the embolus, sperm duct easily recognizable. Female: unknown. Relationships: Only a single congeneric species has been described previously: Spatiator praeceps. The holotype of S. praeceps is a female. I described a male which I regarded as conspecific with the holotype, see Wunderlich (2004: 768, 807, fig. 56) (in this figure I probably mistook the embolus for the conductor). This male is probably conspecific with the female holotype of S. praeceps but — according to the distinctly different structures of their bulbi — it is not conspecific with S. martensi n. sp. No somatic differences are known to exist between these three specimens. This case reflects a fundamental problem in the taxonomy of numerous congeneric — fossil species: (a) the generotype is known from one sex only (or is juvenile), (b) no somatic differences between different species are known and (c) it is not likely to find both sexes in the same piece of amber: How do deal with different congeneric species of the other sex? Occasionally — for practical reasons — fossil specimens from the other sex were described as different species (in contrast to extant species), e.g. by Petrunkevitch (1942). So it would be consequent to designate a new name for Spatiator praeceps sensu Wunderlich (2004) but this is not a matter of this paper. I found no somatic differences between the present holotype and the material of praeceps sensu Wunderlich (2004) but the bulbus structures are clearly different (and in my opinion surely not caused by circumstances of the preservation): embolus and conductor are in close contact in the male of S. praeceps (Fig. 4) in contrast to S. martensi n. sp. (Fig. 3). Distribution: Early Tertiary (Eocene) Baltic amber forest. Preservation: The spider is situated at the corner of a yellow piece of amber which has a size of 3.1 x 2.0 x 0.9 mm. Legs and pedipalpi are completely and well preserved, some parts are darkened apparently by heating, the ventral side is weakly covered with a white emulsion, the opisthosoma has a low longitudinal depression dorsally (probably the result of a blow), a bubble is situated close to the left cymbium, but distinctly separated from the cymbial cuticula. Syninclusions: Four Formicidae, workers (body length 1.3, 2.4, 2.4 and 4.3 mm), remains of the abdomen of an ant (two parts, 1.4 mm long) 2 mm right of the spider in the same layer of the amber, an adult Acari (body length 1 mm), few tiny to small larvae of Acari (body length up to 0.5 mm), numerous stellate hairs of plants, numerous small bubbles and bubbleshaped particles which are dried out as well as particles of detritus. Notes: (a) Myrmecophagy: Remains of an ant — two parts of an abdomen — near the spider's body may be remains of the spider's prey, but this presumption is quite tentative: Most relatives of the Spatiatoridae, e. g. Archaeidae and Palpimanidae, are araneophages. The complete ants in the same piece of amber are apparently not injured. (b) Myrmecomorphy: The silvery glancing cuticle in most congeneric specimens (S. praeceps) which are preserved in pieces of amber which were not heated, the slender body and legs as well as the raised cephalic part — which give the illusion of a tripartite body of the spider — may be hints that these spiders were only weakly antshaped. We do not know the behavior of the fossil spiders, and a saddleshaped inclination of the opisthosoma is absent. Therefore I am not sure about the actual antmimicry of these fossil spiders. The largest ant which is embedded together with the spider has the same body size as the spider and may have been a model of a probable Batesian mimicry. The small ants may have been the model of conspecific juveniles.Published as part of Wunderlich, Jörg, 2006, Spatiator martensi n. sp., a second species of the extinct spider family Spatiatoridae in Eocene Baltic amber (Araneae), pp. 313-318 in Zootaxa 1325 on pages 314-317, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17402
Nasoonaria Wunderlich & Song 1995
No full textNasoonaria Wunderlich & Song, 1995 Type species. Nasoonaria sinensis Wunderlich & Song, 1995, by original designation. Species included. The genus contains five species, including the new one described below: Nasoonaria mada Tanasevitch, 2018, N. magna Tanasevitch, 2014, N. pseudoembolica Tanasevitch, 2019, N. sinensis Wunderlich & Song, 1995, and N. annam, new species. Distribution. Southern China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra) (World Spider Catalog, 2022).Published as part of Tanasevitch, Andrei V., 2022, Two new species and six new records of linyphiid spiders from Vietnam (Araneae: Linyphiidae), pp. 305-311 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 70 on page 308, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2022-0014, http://zenodo.org/record/717486
Austrochilus parwis Wunderlich 2017, sp. n.
No full textAustrochilus parwis sp. n. (Figs 1–13) Type material. Male holotype and three female paratypes from Chile, Region IX (Araucanía), west of Angol, 10 km around the Nahuelbuta National Park, 900 m, margin of the forest, collected at night, 15 February 2002, leg. Parwis Nabavi, deposited in MNHNC and ZIMG (holotype MNHNC-8020; paratypes ZIMG II-28327-28329). Other material examined. CHILE: Region IX (Araucanía): Same data as the types (1 female deposited in SMF; 2 penultimate males in ZSM; 1 female, 1 penultimate male in BMNH; 1 female, 3 penultimate males in CJW; 2 females, 4 penultimate males in ZIMG). Derivatio nominis: The species epithet is a noun in apposition in honour of the collector of the type material, Parwis Nabavi (Freiburg, Germany). Diagnosis. General body appearance as in other Austrochilus species (Fig. 1), and similar to A. forsteri by the clypeal height (around 3–3.5 x the diameter of AME) (Figs 2, 3; see also Grismado et al. 2003, p. 149). Males of A. parwis sp. n. resemble those of the remaining congeners by the general morphology of the copulatory bulb, with a median apophysis of similar length to the embolus (Figs 4, 14–19), but clearly differ by the hook-shaped tip of the tegulum and the shape of the subtegulum (Figs 4, 14–19; see also Forster et al. 1987, figs 124, 130, 136, 142, 148; Grismado et al. 2003, fig. 1). The shape of subtegulum, median apophysis and conductor are similar to A. forsteri, but the subtegular process is more slender in A. parwis sp. n. and the dorsal hump on the prolateral side of the subtegulum is less prominent (Figs 4–6, 19; see also Grismado et al. 2003, fig. 1). The female genitalia have a prominent scape (‘anterior knob’ sensu Forster et al. 1987) as in A. franckei, A. newtoni and A. forsteri, but this is more rounded in A. parwis sp. n. (Figs 7, 8; see also Forster et al. 1987, figs 145, 151; Grismado et al. 2003, fig. 4). The internal genitalia are most similar to A. forsteri, but the lateral lobes are longer, distally curved and connected to the anterior lobe (Fig. 9; see also Grismado et al. 2003, fig. 6). Description. Male (holotype, MNHNC-8020). Total length 8.2. Prosoma 4.5 long, 3.4 wide. Leg formula: 1243. Leg measurements: total length (femur/patella/tibia/metatarsus/tarsus): I 29.6 (7.5/1.9/8.5/8.3/3.4), tibia II 6.8, tibia III 3.8, tibia IV 5.8, pedipalpal femur 2.5. Coloration: Prosoma mainly light brownish, darkened medially and laterally, sternum brown, legs medium brown, opisthosoma mainly dark grey brown, book lungs and tracheal patches yellow. Prosoma: 1.32 x longer than wide; cuticule smooth, with feathery hairs similar to those on the pedipalpal and leg articles; fovea well developed; posterior row of eyes distinctly procurved, AME 0.15, ALE 0.27, PME 0.24, PLE 0.25, clypeus height at midline 0.45 (= three times the diameter of AME); basal cheliceral article large, promargin with five large teeth, retromargin with denticles on a hump, laterally with a small field of stridulatory files, fangs large in an oblique position. Legs: long, numerous bristles of medium length, single lined calamistrum in the middle third of metatarsus IV. Opisthosoma: oval, covered with short hairs, cribellum large and undivided. Pedipalp (Figs 4–6): Trochanter proventrally with a blunt stridulatory outgrowth facing the stridulatory files (no pick); tibia with two irregular rows of more than a dozen long trichobothria and feathery hairs; cymbium long and slender, subtegulum with large hook-like retrolateral process, and dorsal hump on prolateral side (Fig. 4, arrowhead), tegulum with a blunt hook-like tip, median apophysis slender and weakly sclerotized in basal half, embolus large with retrolateral sclerotized tip, distal part of spermophor clearly visible (Fig. 4, arrow). Note that the prosoma of the holotype is dorsally compressed and the right legs I and II are missing. Female. Similar to male but larger, the stridulatory files slightly corniculate and without a distinct hump on the pedipalpal trochanter. Total length 11–14, prosoma 5.5–6.2 long, 4.2–5.3 wide; leg I 8.2/2.5/9.8/8.7/3.8, tibia II 6.9, tibia III 4.5, tibia IV 6.0, pedipalpal tarsus 2.5. Eyes and clypeus variable, clypeus at midline 2.6–4.5 x diameter of AME. Pedipalp large and spiny, tarsal claw well developed, toothed. Genitalia (Figs 7–13): scape prominent and rounded, extending over epigastric furrow, cuticle anterior to scape folded (Fig. 11); genital opening with strong and large sclerotized area (=transversal plate sensu Forster et al. 1987) with ridge-like sclerotization pattern laterally (Figs 10, 11), anterior lobe (aL) weakly sclerotized anteriorly and with strongly sclerotized plate (aP) (Figs 11, 12), long, curved lateral lobes (LL) connecting the anterior lobe with the basis of the uterus externus (Figs 9, 13). Distribution. Known only from type locality.Published as part of Wunderlich, Joerg, 2017, The spider genus Austrochilus Gertsch & Zapfe, 1955 (Araneae: Austrochilidae) - a new species from Chile and a documentation of the male genitalia of austrochilines, pp. 323-332 in Zootaxa 4312 (2) on pages 325-327, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/85290
Spatiator martensi n. sp., a second species of the extinct spider family Spatiatoridae in Eocene Baltic amber (Araneae)
No full textWunderlich, Jörg (2006): Spatiator martensi n. sp., a second species of the extinct spider family Spatiatoridae in Eocene Baltic amber (Araneae). Zootaxa 1325: 313-318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17402
Paragongylidiellum caliginosum Wunderlich 1973
No full textParagongylidiellum caliginosum Wunderlich, 1973 MATERIAL: 4 Ƌ, 7 ♀; 2 Ƌ, 2 ♀ (ZMMU), India, Madras (= Chennai), Anaimalai Hills, 18 km N of Valparai, 1250 m a.s.l., forest, sifting litter; 18.XI.1972; leg. C. Besuchet & I. Löbl [35]. REMARKS: This species was hitherto known only from Nepal (Wunderlich, 1973, 1983), and is here recorded from India for the first time. DISTRIBUTION: Nepal Himalayas and southern India.Published as part of Tanasevitch, Andrei V., 2011, Linyphiid spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from Pakistan and India, pp. 561-598 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (3) on page 583, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.117817, http://zenodo.org/record/631201
Klaus Wunderlich, Rudolf Leuckart, Weg und Werk
No full textKlaus Wunderlich, Rudolf Leuckart, Weg und Werk. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 35, n°1, 1982. pp. 92-94
Klaus Wunderlich, Rudolf Leuckart, Weg und Werk
No full textKlaus Wunderlich, Rudolf Leuckart, Weg und Werk. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 35, n°1, 1982. pp. 92-94
La langue parlée chez Hermann Wunderlich (1858-1916)
No full textThe main characteristics of spoken language such as described by Hermann Wunderlich (1893 ; 1894 ; 1897 ; 1898) are the tendency to economy and on the other hand the tendency to redundancy. Wunderlich describes spoken language from the speaker's point of view.Les caractéristiques fondamentales de la langue parlée, telles qu'elles ressortent des principaux ouvrages de Hermann Wunderlich (1893 ; 1894 ; 1897 ; 1898) , sont la tendance à l'économie des moyens linguistiques et
simultanément la tendance à la redondance. Wunderlich décrit le fonctionnement de la langue parlée en situation du point de vue du locuteur.Behr Irmtraud. La langue parlée chez Hermann Wunderlich (1858-1916). In: Documentation et recherche en linguistique allemande contemporain - Vincennes, n°36-37, 1987. Dialogues. Du marivaudage à la machine. pp. 227-241
On applying the set covering model to reseeding
No full textThe Functional BIST approach is a rather new BIST technique based on exploiting embedded system functionality to generate deterministic test patterns during BIST. The approach takes advantages of two well-known testing techniques, the arithmetic BIST approach and the reseeding method. The main contribution of the present paper consists in formulating the problem of an optimal reseeding computation as an instance of the set covering problem. The proposed approach guarantees high flexibility, is applicable to different functional modules, and, in general, provides a more efficient test set encoding then previous techniques. In addition, the approach shorts the computation time and allows to better exploiting the tradeoff between area overhead and global test length as well as to deal with larger circuits
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