3,047 research outputs found
Productivity Growth in Canadian and U.S. Regulated Industries
No full textThis article compares the productivity growth of a set of Canadian and U.S. regulated industries. Using data from Statistics Canada’s KLEMS database and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, the article examines productivity growth in transportation services (which includes air, rail, and other transportation services), broadcasting and telecommunications, cultural industries (which include publishing and information services, and motion pictures and sound recording), and financial services (which includes financial intermediation and insurance) over the period from 1977 to 2006. These industries provide the foundational networks on which other industries rely. In 1977, they were quite heavily regulated in Canada. They experienced deregulation after 1977, but still faced various types of regulation in 2006. Deregulation also occurred in the United States, but regulation has generally been less restrictive in that country over the period.productivity growth, deregulation, Canada, United States
New Estimates of Multifactor Productivity Growth for the Canadian Provinces
No full textThis article presents new estimates of multifactor productivity for the Canadian provinces for the 1997-2007 period. In contrast to earlier estimates, these estimates incorporate both changes in labour and capital composition or quality. Reflecting differences in labour productivity and capital productivity, multifactor productivity growth varies greatly by province. Newfoundland enjoyed the strongest multifactor productivity growth and Alberta the weakest.multifactor productivity, labour composition, capital composition, capital quality, labour quality,
The Effect of Organizational Innovation and Information and Communications Technology on Firm Performance
No full textA key lesson from the U.S. literature on the impact of ICT on productivity is that ICT can only be effective if appropriate organizational structures are in place. This article by Surendra Gera of Industry Canada and Wulong Gu of Statistics Canada provides Canadian evidence to support this view. Using the Workplace and Employee Survey, the authors find evidence that firms that implement organizational changes and introduce ICT have a higher incidence of productivity improvement, increased sales and profits, and product and process innovation than firms that do not follow this path. Their findings suggest that to be successful firms typically need to adopt ICT as part of a system or cluster of mutualy reinforcing organizational approaches.Productivity Growth, Productivity, Information and Communication Technologies, Information Technology, Firm-level, Firm Performance, Human Capital, Training, Management Practices, Organization, Organizational Change, Organizational Innovation, Process Innovation, Innovation
Gu Xiong : The River
No full textGu Xiong’s installation “The River” is described by O’Brian as a meditation on migrancy and displacement. The author situates the work within the life of the artist, who left China because of political oppression, and the history of the Canadian West, which has marginalized its Chinese inhabitants. Short poetic texts by Gu Xiong in which he identifies with spawning salmon are included. Biographical notes. 19 bibl. ref
A Synthesis of the CSLS Provincial Productivity Reports, 1997-2007
No full textThis report, based on the CSLS Provincial Productivity Database, provides a portrait of the productivity performance of the ten Canadian provinces over the 1997-2007 period. Level and growth rate estimates of labour and multifactor productivity are presented and discussed, with an emphasis on the provinces’ market sector. Two-digit NAICS industry level estimates are also presented. Capitalintensity and labour quality figures are also provided, and a standard growth accounting framework is used to determine the sources of labour productivity growth, as well as the sources of labour productivity level gaps between Canada and the provinces.labour productivity, multifactor productivity, capital intensity, labour quality, Canadian provinces, growth accounting
La productivite du Canada de 1961 a 2008 : mise a jour des tendances a long terme
No full textBaldwin et Gu (2008) donnent un apercu du programme de la productivite de Statistique Canada et une breve description du rendement du Canada en matiere de productivite. Le present document offre une mise a jour de la productivite du Canada au cours des annees plus recentes et une analyse des sources de faible productivite au Canada depuis 2000.Economic accounts, Productivity accounts
Deng Erya jiu cang jia gu.
No full text李宗焜拓摹并題."鄧爾雅(一八八四-一九五四)舊藏甲骨. 一九六九年五月鄧祖玄奉母葉多福女士之命以其父爾雅先生所藏甲骨慨贈香港中文大學聯合書院. 二〇一五年夏移藏大學圖書館""乙未仲冬余應香港中文大學圖書館李露絲館長之邀為館藏甲骨之儲存與展示貢愚余以坐言不如起行遂為之董理重為類次並施拓摹携歸裱冊而還之且識數語以記因緣李宗焜於史語所""Deng Erya (yi ba ba si - yi jiu wu si) jiu cang jia gu. Yi jiu liu jiu nian wu yue Deng Zuxuan feng mu Ye Duofu nü shi zhi ming yi qi fu Erya xian sheng suo cang jia gu kai zeng Xianggang Zhong wen da xue Lian he shu yuan. Er ling yi wu nian xia yi cang Da xue tu shu guan""Yi wei zhong dong yu ying Xianggang Zhong wen da xue tu shu guan Li Lusi guan zhang zhi yue wei guan cang jia gu zhi chu cun yu zhan shi gong yu yu yi zuo yan bu ru qi xing sui wei zhi dong li chong wei lei ci bing shi tuo mo xie gui biao ce er huan zhi qie shi shu yu yi ji yin yuan Li Zongkun yu Shi yu suo"In accordion binding.Li Zongkun tuo mo bing ti
Sensitivity of Capital Stock and Multifactor Productivity Estimates to Depreciation Assumptions: A Canada-U.S. Comparison
No full textThis article provides consistent estimates for capital stock and multifactor productivity (MFP) for Canada and the United States across major industries for the 1987-2007 period. For this purpose, capital stock estimates are developed for Canadian and U.S. industries using the same asset depreciation rates (either from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis or from Statistics Canada) for the two countries. The results show that on an hours worked basis Canadian industries invest more in total capital than their U.S. counterparts. This situation reflects much greater investment in structures, with less in machinery and equipment (including information and communications technologies). The results imply that all of the Canada-U.S. labour productivity gap arises from the multifactor productivity gap.multifactor productivity, capital stock, depreciation rate, labour productivity
Bargaining Structure and Bargaining Outcomes
No full textA recent development in the analysis of strikes and contract negotiations strategic bargaining models with asymmetric information -- allows us to study bargaining structure and outcomes via its effects on information transfer and learning among parties to bargaining. This thesis continues this new approach and attempts to add to our knowledge of bargaining structure, both theoretically and empirically. The whole thesis can be viewed as three main essays. In the first main essay(Chapter 2), we study learning and information transfer among unions when negotiations are sequential and there is no collusion among either unions or firms. That chapter attempts to further our understanding of relative rewards, imitation and learning. The model, which considers two union-firm bargaining pairs, generates an interest by workers in each other's wages which is based on learning their own firm's ability to pay by observing the preceding negotiations. But rather than being socially harmful, as it can be in the "informational cascade" literature, learning from actions of the others is, in a number of cases, socially beneficial. This is because learning reduces the costly mistakes made in bargaining due to asymmetric information. Using a large sample of Canadian contract negotiations for the period from 1965-1988, we find strong evidence that the more negotiations which have been concluded in the recent past in a union's industry, the less likely is a strike to occur. This can be seen as relatively convincing evidence that some social learning, with beneficial social consequences, does occur among unions negotiating wages within an industry. In the second main essay (Chapter 3), we use a model of learning among unions to compare bargaining outcomes in various bargaining structures and examine the effects of centralization when negotiations are simultaneous. Existing formal models of bargaining structure and outcomes typically ignore one or both of two key issues: the issue of asymmetric information and the nature of bargaining process simultaneous versus sequential negotiation). Among other things, this means that they cannot capture the implicit coordination, or' social learning, in decentralized bargaining structures. Neither can they examine the wage leapfrogging phenomenon that has been suggested as a potential important disadvantage of decentralized bargaining structures. The current model allows us to examine these key issues. We found that when negotiations are simultaneous, collusion by firms or by both firms and unions reduces expected wage settlements and raises strike incidence since they reduce learning and information transfer among unions in contract negotiations. In the model of learning among unions examined in the second main essay, there are clear first mover disadvantages for both unions and firms. Early negotiations generate valuable information about firms' ability to pay which unions in later negotiations can use to improve their wage settlements. Unions have an incentive to free ride and delay their wage settlements and let other unions conclude their negotiations first. In the third main essay (Chapter 4), we examine this information externality and interpret the delaying of wage settlements without strikes as holdouts. As in Cramton and Tracy's model of holdouts (1992), the model predicts that holdouts should be shorter and less frequent when the wage settlement in the existing contract is lower, and when the unions are more optimistic about the firm's ability to pay. But the model also has a number of predictions about some issues on which Cramton and Tracy's model is silent, one of which is the following: as the number of unions in the model expands, the above information externality is exacerbated, generating longer holdouts in equilibrium. This implication is tested using the large sample of Canadian contract negotiations used in the first essay, yielding strong evidence that the larger the number of negotiations taking place at the same time, the greater are both holdout incidence and duration.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD
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