21,644 research outputs found
Measurement of dwell times of spin polarized rubidium atoms on octadecyltrichlorosilane- and paraffin-coated surfaces
No full textWe report the measurement of dwell times of spin polarized Rb atoms on octadecyltrichlorosilane OTS- and paraffin-coated surfaces. We find that at a cell temperature of 72 °C the dwell times for OTS- and paraffin-coated surfaces are 0.9+-0.1 microsecond and 1.8 +-0.2 microsecond , respectively. Since the relaxation probability on paraffin is almost one order of magnitude smaller than that on OTS, the longer dwell time for paraffin indicates that the average strength of the interactions experienced by Rb atoms while they are inside paraffin is much weaker than while they are inside OTS.Peer reviewe
Wu dai shi zuan wu: [3 juan.
No full text吳縝撰]武英殿聚珍版.Wu ying dian ju zheng ban.In oriental style.Wu Zhen zhuan
Wu Yingniang with finished zhen xian bao
No full textPhoto from Dimen Village of Wu Yingniang with a completed colorful zhen xian bao. She is sitting down and holding the zhen xian bao up to the camera.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/kam-photos/1401/thumbnail.jp
Wu Yingniang making zhen xian bao
No full textPhoto from Dimen Village of Wu Yingniang making zhen xian bao.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/kam-photos/1385/thumbnail.jp
Wu Yingniang shows how to make a zhen xian bao
No full textPhoto from Dimen Village of Wu Yingniang demonstrating how to make zhen xian bao using her handmade paper. The zhen xian bao is used as a paper purse to hold items for sewing and embroidery.https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/kam-photos/1369/thumbnail.jp
Nanniwan (China), General Wang Zhen and Wu Man-yu
No full textChina: 40,000, Wu Man Yu, Min Ping; Naniwan [Nanniwan] stokes mortarOn the left, Wu Man-yu, Labour Hero Number One of the Border Regions, with General Wang Cheng [Wang Zhen], youthful Commander of the famous 359th Brigade.Caption from similar image published in Harrison Forman's book Report from Red ChinaGrayscaleForman Nitrate Negatives, Box 2
Zhenshi and Shizaishi in Taiwan Mandarin: Intensification and Lexicalization
No full text[[abstract]]This study explores the lexicalization of zhenshi and shizaishi. They originate as a fusion of an adverb (zhen(de) and shizai respectively) and the copula/focus marker (shi), and further develop an idiomatic meaning through discourse interaction. Three types of zhen(de) and shizai are first identified: descriptive, expressive, and interactive. Descriptive zhen(de) denotes something as real/true. Expressive zhen(de) intensifies the speaker’s advocacy about a statement. Interactive zhende typically appears in two constructions: shuozhende emphasizes the speaker’s seriousness about a subsequent utterance, signaling that the following speech may sound less believable or worthy of the addressee’s extra attention; zhende followed by a particle demonstrates various interpersonal functions like questioning or responding. On the other hand, descriptive shizai denotes something as strong and full of content, which can metaphorically and metonymically represent the quality of being reliable and realistic. Expressive shizai, similar to expressive zhen(de), also emphasizes the speaker’s support for a statement. Finally, interactive shizai typically appears in the construction shuoshizaide, which, like its English equivalent, frankly, signals an unexpected or non-preferential upcoming utterance.
Of all the polysemous meanings of zhen(de) and shizai, the expressive meaning is most pertinent to the lexicalization of zhenshi and shizaishi. They start out as a fusion of an adverb, zhen and shizai respectively, and the copula/focus marker, shi, which is a common morphological trend in Modern Mandarin. The compositional meaning of the fused forms, zhenshi and shizaishi, is similar to the expressive zhen and shizai, i.e. to intensify a statement, typically an evaluation. However, the speech carrying the evaluation is often truncated due to limitation on cognitive processing and avoidance of social impropriety. Still, with the frequent co-occurrence of zhenshi/shizaishi and an evaluative speech, the speaker’s evaluative intent can be readily inferred by the addressee through metonymy. The evaluative meaning of zhenshi is also supported by another evaluative expression zhenshide.
In exploring the lexicalization of zhenshi and shizaishi, this study thus illustrates the emergent nature of grammar/lexicon by showing how the interaction among language (syntagmatic co-occurrence), culture (communicative politeness), and cognition (pragmatic inference) contributes to the emergence of novel lexical items.
Jiu guo zhi: [12 juan]. v.105
No full text路振撰 ; 張唐英補 ; [伍崇曜輯]Date from preface.框13.1 x 9.1 cm., 9行21字, 黑口, 左右雙邊, 無魚尾, 版心中鐫分冊書名, 下鐫叢書名.Lu Zhen zhuan ; Zhang Tangying bu ; [Wu Chongyao ji]Kuang 13.1 x 9.1 cm., 9 xing 21 zi, hei kou, zuo you shuang bian, wu yu wei, ban xin zhong juan fen ce shu ming, xia juan cong shu ming
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