5,418 research outputs found
DIETARY CONDITIONS AND DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS TO FOOD RESOURCES AMONG THE VARIOUS CLASSES DURING THE HAN PERIOD
No full textIn this thesis, I study how food resources and dietary conditions were determined by social and economic status during the Han period in China, B.C. 206~A.D.220. Even though earlier scholars have published research concerning the Chinese food culture of this period, these studies were limited in that they only illustrated the dietary culture of the upper class or the available food resources in one geographic area. Also, without any persuasive data, it has been assumed by these earlier scholars that there were big differences in food resources and food consumption between the upper and lower classes. In this thesis, for comparison among the classes, I divide the social and economic classes into five stratified groups: nobles, officials, peasants, soldiers and convicts. After a brief introduction of the nature of each social class, I examine the food resources and nutritional condition of each group using information such as the wealth and income of each group, the market price of food resources, the agricultural products of peasants, and the amount of food distribution to soldiers and convicts. I found these data from archaeological remains, received historical records and pictorial data, and excavated texts. This research shows a broader view of Chinese dietary condition focusing not only on the variety of food resources of nobles, but also on the different food accessibilities among the officials, and the food deficiencies of peasants. It also deals with the situations of food supply for soldiers and convicts in an effort to reveal the true dietary consumption and nutritional conditions for all Chinese. This research proves that the various classes during the Han period in China had different food resources and dietary conditions
Qidan yu he Liao dai Han yu ji qi jie chu yan jiu
No full text"Qi dan yu he liao dai han yu ji qi jie chu yan jiu" ben shu li yong qi dan yu wen ben he han yu xiang guan wen ben dui qi dan yu he liao dai han yu zuo zong he yan jiu,xi tong ti qu qi dan wen zi dan wei he han yu,Menggu yu yu yan dan wei de dui ying,bing zong he gen ju wen ben fen bu,shi dai fen bu he han yu fang yan yu yin te zheng wei ju ti de dui ying xun zhao xian zhi tiao jian.ran hou zai ci ji chu shang tui qiu liao dai han yu yin xi he qi dan yu de ge zhong xin xi,bing jin yi bu gui na qi dan yu he han yu xiang hu pi pei de gui l
Teachings of the Wu tou mi tao : A Survey of Lao tzu hsiang erh chu
No full textLao tzu hsiang erh chu 老子想爾注 was written in the form of a commentary on Tao te ching 道徳経 by Chang Lu 張魯, 1eader of the Wu tou mi tao 五斗米道 Sect, toward the end of the Latter Han 後漢 Dynasty of China. The book, whose main aim is exhortation to the faithful of the adherence to the tao chieh 道誡 or the norm of their everyday life, is generally understood to be a discourse on the tao 道. Despite its personification at times, the tao here is conceived as something inconcrete, in that sense not departing from the nature of its counterpart in Tao te ching. Yet Lao tzu’s thought itself is not explicitly quoted in the book, in effect contained in the tao.The book which exhorts adherence to the tao chieh is of practical nature, and all questions are discussed from the practical point of view. Such practicality is not only a tendency generating from the book’s special standpoint, but should be taken as the fundamental attitude of Chang Lu’s Wu tou mi tao. Thus its practicalism, to be more specific the strict adherence to the tao chieh following the teachings of Hsiang erh chu or the tao, rejects religious services beseeching fortune, rejects sexual techniques, and declares that a man should expect rewards and penalties meted out to him by the heavenly god according to his practice or negligence of morals, since even the span of his life is lengthened or shortened depending on his deeds.“The thorough study of the 5,000-word scripture of Lao tzu” said in historical records to have been assigned to the newly initiated in the Wu tou mi tao, must mean no more than a reading of the text with the help of Hsiang erh chu, not to be understood that the scripture was merely chanted.journal articl
Martial arts fiction : translational migrations east and west
No full textThis thesis was motivated by Robert Chard's puzzlement over the translational
phenomenon of martial arts fiction in the West. It proposes to address how the
translational migration of martial arts fiction took place, first to other Asian countries in the
1920's, but to the West only after a lapse of a few decades beginning in the early 1990's.
Adopting a descriptive approach as described by Gideon Toury, the thesis is intended to
add further to the limited inventory of case studies in urgent demand to test the polysystem
theory propounded by Even-Zohar.
The thesis is made up of two parts. Part I is a macro-level study of martial arts fiction,
intended to contribute to testing the limits of the polysystem theory. After examining
Chinese fiction as a low form in the Chinese literary polysystem and its weak function as
translated literature in the Western literary polysystem, the study explores the translational
phenomenon of martial arts fiction in the West as well as the concurrent phenomenon as to
why so little of martial arts fiction has been translated into Western languages, compared to
the copious amount into other Asian languages, to the extent of stimulating a new literary
genre or (re)writing martial arts fiction in indigenous languages in Indonesia, Vietnam and
Korea, sinicized countries or countries boasting large overseas Chinese communities.
Issues and problems related to these translational activities and cultural phenomena are
presented as tools to test the limits of the polysystem theory.
Part II is a micro-level study focussing on the specifics of rendering Fox Volant of the
Snowy Mountain by Jin Yong into English. I will argue, in the main, that many difficulties,
inherent in both the translating and reading processes, can be constructed within the
theoretical framework of Andre Lefevere's concept of "constraint", particularly that of the
universe of discourse. Lefevere's connotation of the universe of discourse will be expanded
to embrace different cultural presuppositions and literary assumptions underlying two
divergent world cultures, hence different reader expectations in the reading process.
It is hoped that the findings and results of this descriptive case history of martial arts fiction
as a literary genre in translational migrations will contribute to the accumulation of
knowledge
Song Qinghu Wangzi Zisu xian sheng chu shou Sizhou xu
No full text卷一. 奏疏 -- 卷二. 序 -- 卷三. 記 -- 卷四. 雜著 -- 卷五. 祭文 -- 卷六. 銘志 -- 卷七. 書柬 -- 卷八. 五言古詩 -- 卷九. 七言古詩 -- 卷十. 五言律詩 -- 卷十一-十二. 七言律詩 -- 卷十三. 五言絶句 -- 卷十四. 七言絶句.Juan yi. Zou shu -- juan er. Xu -- juan san. Ji -- juan si. Za zhu -- juan wu. Ji wen -- juan liu. Ming zhi -- juan qi. Shu jian -- juan ba. Wu yan gu shi -- juan jiu. Qi yan gu shi -- juan shi. Wu yan lü shi -- juan shi yi - shi er. Qi yan lü shi -- juan shi san. Wu yan jue ju -- juan shi si. Qi yan jue ju.汪應軫著 ; 汪延艮編 ; 楊汝輔輯.綫裝, 1函.框18.2x13.8公分, 10行20字. 白口, 四周單邊, 無魚尾. 版心上鐫題名, 中鐫小題, 下鐫葉次並記刻工.出書年據序.前有嘉靖丙辰[1556]翁溥序, 及嘉靖三十八年[1559]葉邦榮序.文集共五冊, 存於精美木函套中, 函套附鎖及銷匙, 上刻有"青湖集 嘉靖栞本"見《香港中文大學圖書館古藉善本書錄》(2001, p. 242)附錄題: 送青湖汪子子宿先生出守泗州序 / 朱節撰.鈐有"姜公銓鑒藏圖書", "汪兆鏞印", "番禺汪氏藏書", "汪兆鏞長壽年宜子孫", "宣統辛亥得番禺汪氏賜福堂印", "微尚齋", "番禺何氏靈壁山房藏", "三十二芙蓉山主曼庵", "何曼盦鑒藏", "靈壁何氏"Xian zhuang, 1 han.Kuang 18.2 x 13.8 gong fen, 10 hang 20 zi. Bai kou, si zhou dan bian, wu yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan xiao ti, xia juan ye ci bing ji ke gong.Chu shu nian ju xu.Qian you Jiajing bing chen [1556] Weng Pu xu, ji Jiajing san shi ba nian [1559] Ye Bangrong xu.Wen ji gong wu ce, cun yu jing mei mu han tao zhong, han tao fu suo ji xiao shi, shang ke you "Qinghu ji Jiajing kan ben"Jian "Xianggang Zhong wen da xue tu shu guan gu ji shan ben shu lu"(2001, p. 242)Wang Yingzhen zhu ; Wang Yangen bian ; Yang Rufu ji.Fu lu ti: Song Qinghu Wangzi Zisu xian sheng chu shou Sizhou xu / Zhu Jie zhuan.Qian you "Jiang gong Quanjian cang tu shu", "Wang Zhaoyong yin", "Panyu Wang shi cang shu", "Wang Zhaoyong chang shou nian yi zi sun", "Xuantong xin hai de Panyu Wang shi Ci fu tang yin", "Wei shang zhai", "Panyu He shi Ling bi shan fang cang", "San shi er fu rong shan zhu man an", "He Manan jian cang", "Lingbi He shi
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