39,872 research outputs found
Petzold & Aulhorn AG, Schokolade Deutschmeister einzig in ihrer Art.
No full textPETZOLD & AULHORN AG, SCHOKOLADE DEUTSCHMEISTER EINZIG IN IHRER ART.
Petzold & Aulhorn AG, Schokolade Deutschmeister einzig in ihrer Art. ( -
Nanospherical-lens lithographical Ag nanodisk arrays embedded in p-GaN for localized surface plasmon-enhanced blue light emitting diodes
No full textLarge-scale Ag nanodisks (NDs) arrays fabricated using nanospherical-lens lithography (NLL) are embedded in p-GaN layer of an InGaN/GaN light-emitting diode (LED) for generating localized surface plasmon (LSP) coupling with the radiating dipoles in the quantum-well (QWs). Based on the Ag NDs with the controlled surface coverage, LSP leads to the improved crystalline quality of regrowth p-GaN, increased photoluminescence (PL) intensity, reduced PL decay time, and enhanced output power of LED. Compared with the LED without Ag NDs, the optical output power at a current of 350 mA of the LSP-enhanced LEDs with Ag NDs having a distance of 20 and 35 nm to QWs is increased by 26.7% and 31.1%, respectively. The electrical characteristics and optical properties of LEDs with embedded Ag NPs are dependent on the distance of between Ag NPs and QWs region. The LED with Ag NDs array structure is also found to exhibit reduced emission divergence, compared to that without Ag NDs. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License
The Decomposition Theorems of AG-Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Loops and Strong AG-(l, l)-Loops
No full textIn this paper, some new properties of Abel Grassmann‘s Neutrosophic Extended Triplet Loop (AG-NET-Loop) were further studied. The following important results were proved: (1) an AG-NET-Loop is weakly commutative if, and only if, it is a commutative neutrosophic extended triplet (NETG); (2) every AG-NET-Loop is the disjoint union of its maximal subgroups. At the same time, the new notion of Abel Grassmann’s (l, l)-Loop (AG-(l, l)-Loop), which is the Abel-Grassmann’s groupoid with the local left identity and local left inverse, were introduced. The strong AG-(l, l)-Loops were systematically analyzed, and the following decomposition theorem was proved: every strong AG-(l, l)-Loop is the disjoint union of its maximal sub-AG-groups
Vom Guten das Beste ist Fama Margarine Feinstem Eigelb Fama Margarine Special-Marke der Frankfurter Margarin-Gesellschaft AG Frankfurt a/Main
No full textVOM GUTEN DAS BESTE IST FAMA MARGARINE FEINSTEM EIGELB FAMA MARGARINE SPECIAL-MARKE DER FRANKFURTER MARGARIN-GESELLSCHAFT AG FRANKFURT A/MAIN
Vom Guten das Beste ist Fama Margarine Feinstem Eigelb Fama Margarine Special-Marke der Frankfurter Margarin-Gesellschaft AG Frankfurt a/Main ( -
Novel thermo-sensitive hydrogels containing polythioether dendrons: facile tuning of LCSTs, strong absorption of Ag ions, and embedment of smaller Ag nanocrystals
No full textA novel "clawlike" dendritic monomer, 3, 2,3-bis((2,3-bis(ethylthio)propyl)-thio)propyl methacrylate was prepared and successfully incorporated into a thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel system by free radical polymerization. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of these hydrogels can be altered in the range of 31.0 degrees C to 81.1 degrees C by varying the amount of dendritic monomers and oxidants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated the successful preparation of hydrogels and the oxidation of the hydrogels. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the molar ratio of thioether and sulfoxide groups. The hydrogels containing thioether or sulfoxide groups show excellent absorption towards Ag+ ions, and every dendritic monomer and its oxidized derivative can capture on average 1.31 and 1.62 Ag+ ions, respectively. These Ag+ ions in the hydrogel were in situ reduced by NaBH4. Thioether or sulfoxide groups in the hydrogel made the size of Ag nanoparticles (about 20 nm) much smaller than those nanoparticles in PNIPAM hydrogel. These hydrogels containing thioether groups as oxidant scavengers and broad spectrum antimicrobial Ag nanoparticles may have promising application in dealing with infected wounds
A new internal field-assisted photocathode based on Ag-O-Cs composite thin films
No full textInternal field-assisted Ag-O-Cs photocathode with sandwich-like structure was successfully fabricated by depositing a silver electrode on the surface of Ag-O-Cs composite thin films that were pre-grown onto a conductive glass substrate. Enhanced photoemission was observed from Ag-O-Cs composite thin films when an internal assistant electric field was applied to the photocathode through the designed sandwich-like structure. The total increase of photoelectronic quantum yield corresponding to the applied 30 V bias was about 15.7% while the photocathode was irradiated by the light with wavelength of 510 nm. Theoretical analysis indicates that such an enhanced photoemission can be attributed to the field-induced variations in the energy-band structure of Ag-O-Cs thin films, including both the decrease of interfacial barrier between the embedded Ag nanoparticles and the CsxO (2 less than or equal to x < 3) semiconductor matrix and the degradation of the vacuum level at the surface. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.Physics, Condensed MatterSCI(E)EI0ARTICLE9515-51812
Enhanced photoemission of Ag-O-Cs composite thin films with an internal electric field
No full textAg-O-Cs thin films with internal field-assisted structure were fabricated, and enhanced photoemission was observed when the internal electric field was applied to the thin films. The increase of photoelectronic quantum yield, corresponding to the applied 30 V bias, was about 15.7%, while the thin films were irradiated by the light with wavelength of 510 nm. From an analysis of the electric potential distribution in the Ag-O-Cs thin films with the applied internal electric field, it is found that the interfacial barrier between the Ag nanoparticles and the Cs2O matrix is decreased and the vacuum level at the surface is degraded. The calculated barrier curves for various applied biases are illustrated to show the thinning effect of internal electric field on the interfacial barrier width. The theoretical lowering of interfacial barrier height is obtained as 0.08 and 0.22 eV when the thin films are stimulated by applied bias of 1 and 30 V, respectively. Further, a group of formulas as well, based upon the electric potential distribution in the Ag-O-Cs thin films, is deduced to describe the relationship between the applied bias and the degradation of the surface vacuum level. The enhanced photoemission of Ag-O-Cs thin films is attributed to the field-induced variations in the energy band structure which are considered to result in the increased probabilities for the photoexcited electrons to travel through the interfacial barrier and escape into the vacuum. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.Physics, AppliedSCI(E)EI0ARTICLE42227-22318
Antibacterial abilities and biocompatibilities of Ti-Ag alloys with nanotubular coatings
No full textXingwang Liu,1 Ang Tian,2 Junhua You,3 Hangzhou Zhang,4 Lin Wu,5 Xizhuang Bai,1 Zeming Lei,1 Xiaoguo Shi,2 Xiangxin Xue,2 Hanning Wang4 1Department of Orthopedics, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University, 2Liaoning Provincial Universities Key Laboratory of Boron Resource Ecological Utilization Technology and Boron Materials, Northeastern University, 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 4Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 5Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China Purpose: To endow implants with both short- and long-term antibacterial activities without impairing their biocompatibility, novel Ti–Ag alloy substrates with different proportions of Ag (1, 2, and 4 wt% Ag) were generated with nanotubular coverings (TiAg-NT). Methods: Unlike commercial pure Ti and titania nanotube, the TiAg-NT samples exhibited short-term antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and double staining with SYTO 9 and propidium iodide. A film applicator coating assay and a zone of inhibition assay were performed to investigate the long-term antibacterial activities of the samples. The cellular viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated through a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining was used to assess the level of MG63 cell apoptosis on each sample. Results: All of the TiAg-NT samples, particularly the nanotube-coated Ti–Ag alloy with 2 wt% Ag (Ti2%Ag-NT), could effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion and kill the majority of adhered S. aureus on the first day of culture. Additionally, the excellent antibacterial abilities exhibited by the TiAg-NT samples were sustained for at least 30 days. Although Ti2%Ag-NT had less biocompatibility than titania nanotube, its performance was satisfactory, as demonstrated by the higher cellular viability and lower cell apoptosis rate obtained with it compared with those achieved with commercial pure Ti. The Ti1%Ag-NT and Ti4%Ag-NT samples did not yield good cell viability. Conclusion: This study indicates that the TiAg-NT samples can prevent biofilm formation and maintain their antibacterial ability for at least 1 month. Ti2%Ag-NT exhibited better antibacterial ability and biocompatibility than commercial pure Ti, which could be attributed to the synergistic effect of the presence of Ag (2 wt%) and the morphology of the nanotubes. Ti2%Ag-NT may offer a potential implant material that is capable of preventing implant-related infection. Keywords: titanium, silver, nanotube, antibacterial, biocompatibilit
Biocompatibility evaluation of antibacterial Ti–Ag alloys with nanotubular coatings
No full textXingwang Liu,1,2,* Chen Chen,3,* Hangzhou Zhang,4 Ang Tian,5 Junhua You,6 Lin Wu,7 Zeming Lei,8 Xi Li,8 Xizhuang Bai,8 Shiyi Chen1 1Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; 2State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200082, China; 3Department of Arthroscopic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China; 4Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; 5Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Resources Circulation Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; 6School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China; 7Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China; 8Department of Orthopaedics, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Implant-related infection is a major problem postsurgery. As an alternative to a localized antibiotic release system, we used Ag to fabricate Ti–Ag alloys with nanotubular coatings (TiAg-NTs). Ag has excellent antibacterial properties, but its biological toxicity is a concern. Therefore, we performed biological experiments both in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the biocompatibility of TiAg-NTs with different concentrations of Ag (1%, 2%, and 4%). Methods: For in vitro experiments, cytocompatibility, including cell attachment, viability, and proliferation, was tested, and genes and proteins related to osteogenic differentiation were also evaluated. For in vivo assays, the rat femoral condylar insertion model was used, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis were conducted to analyze bone formation around implants at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. Results: Both in vitro and in vivo results indicate that Ti2%Ag-NT showed comparable cytocompatibility with commercially pure Ti (cp-Ti), and it could achieve good osseointegration with the surrounding bone tissue. Conclusion: We thus believe that Ti2%Ag-NT is a potential biomaterial for orthopedics. Keywords: Ag, Ti, alloy, nanotube, biocompatibilit
Transient relaxation of optical transmissivity of composite thin films with different nano-scale Ag particles
No full textThe development of photon devices requires the materials with high optical response speed. A type of composite thin films composed of nano-scale Ag particles and barium oxide medium was fabricated. There were two methods in the formation of the thin films: single metallic layer method and triple metallic layer method. The thickness of the thin films in different formation methods was approximately 150 nm or 300 nm, while, Ag particles had an average diameter of 20 nn or 15 nm. A pump-probe method was used for measuring the transient change of optical transmissivity of thin films which were stimulated by ultrashort laser pulses of duration 150 fs and wavelength 647 nm. The Ag-BaO thin films presented that the transmissivity increased rapidly. The thin films containing smaller metallic Ag particles with average diameter of 15 nm exhibited shorter relaxation time of the optical transmissivity with 1.6 ps, but the thin films containing particle diameter of 20 nm resulted in an optical relaxation time of 2.0 ps. Optical relaxation is a process in which nonequilibrium electrons, excited by laser pulses and originating from nano-scale metallic particles, return to the equilibrium state. The Ag-BaO thin films, with extremely fast optical response time, are promising materials for high speed optical devices.Materials Science, CeramicsOpticsEICPCI-S(ISTP)
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