2,654 research outputs found

    The politics of fashion: perceptions of power in female clothing and ornamentation as reflected in the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei

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    This thesis examines issues of female power and influence in sixteenth-century China focusing on how women and their roles were perceived in the changing social environment of the mid-late Ming dynasty. Using aspects of a New Historicist approach, information from contemporary literary and historical sources are analysed alongside each other. With its emphasis on the lives of women and preoccupation with the description of material objects, the late Ming novel Jin Ping Mei forms an important element in the thesis. China in the sixteenth century saw expanding urbanisation, the emergence of a new wealthy merchant class, increasing visibility of women and a questioning of traditional morality. Fashion consciousness, as one of the most conspicuous aspects of the new material culture, is a possible indicator of these trends. Traditional Western theories contend that fashion began in the particular context of Renaissance Europe. However, this study argues that a similar fashion awareness existed in China too, and was manifested in a competitive striving for social status, in this case specifically among women. In contrast to previous studies which downplayed the impact women had on defining traditional Chinese culture, this thesis demonstrates how women and their sartorial choices began to redefine the boundaries of material culture, influencing literati discourse which, in turn, re- influenced female behaviour

    A history of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen

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    This study examines the history of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen from the Ming dynasty to the present day, but with special emphasis on the Ming and Qing periods. After a chronological survey of the town's history from earliest times to 1949, various aspects of the production and distribution of porcelain are considered: the raw materials used and their manufacture, transport and marketing, management and labour,finance and overseas trade, and their significance in the industry's development is assessed. Among the problems that are examined throughout the study and in the conclusion are the reasons for the establishment of the industry in Jingdezhen in the first place, its great progress during the Ming dynasty and failure to modernise in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the connections between economic development, state involvement and technological progres

    On some equations concerning quantum electrodynamics coupled to quantum gravity, the gravitational contributions to the gauge couplings and quantum effects in the theory of gravitation: mathematical connections with some sector of String Theory and Number Theory

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    This paper is principally a review, a thesis, of principal results obtained from various authoritative theoretical physicists and mathematicians in some sectors of theoretical physics and mathematics. In this paper in the Section 1, we have described some equations concerning the quantum electrodynamics coupled to quantum gravity. In the Section 2, we have described some equations concerning the gravitational contributions to the running of gauge couplings. In the Section 3, we have described some equations concerning some quantum effects in the theory of gravitation. In the Section 4, we have described some equations concerning the supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory applied in string theory and some lemmas and equations concerning various gauge fields in any non-trivial quantum field theory for the pure Yang-Mills Lagrangian. Furthermore, in conclusion, in the Section 5, we have described various possible mathematical connections between the argument above mentioned and some sectors of Number Theory and String Theory, principally with some equations concerning the Ramanujan’s modular equations that are related to the physical vibrations of the bosonic strings and of the superstrings, some Ramanujan’s identities concerning π and the zeta strings

    Li Fang-Kuei (1902-1987)

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    Fang-Kuei Li was one of the foremost scholars of Thai and Sino-Tibetan studies and a major contributor to Amerind studies. Born in China, he was one of the early scholars sent to the United States to study. He had developed an interest in language while learning English, Latin, and German as part of his studies in China, and so he decided to study linguistics in the United States. In 1924, he went to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, receiving his B.A. 2 years later, then moved to the University of Chicago, where he received his M.A. and Ph.D., studying with Edward Sapir, Leonard Bloomfield, and Carl Darling Buck

    Letter from Edward J. Galvin to Hagan

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    Typescript letter signed Edward J. Galvin, St. Columban's Mission, Han Yang, Hupeh, China, to Hagan. Enclosing copy typescript letter he is sending to Cardinal Van Rossum of Propaganda Fide petitioning a second time for funds for the Hanyang mission. Explaining that neighbouring provinces, though with less Catholics, received funding and they did not. Then reporting that during the struggle between the Cantonese and Wu Pei-fu over the Wu- Han cities they were right on the battleline, the priests' house being hit several times; it is a miracle everybody escaped. Many Christians lost their homes during the summer floods and have not yet returned. 'It will be hard, bitter work to get them to do the Mission this year, as they will have to slave from morning till night to eke out a living'. Asking him to urge their case with respect to the allocation of alms

    The lost tradition : changing interpretations of music in the three Chinese Confucian ritual classics from the Han to the Qing dynasty.

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    SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX185476 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

    "Racial Wealth Disparities Is the Gap Closing?"

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    Despite decades of policies aimed at improving the economic position of African Americans in terms of relative income and earnings, they remain substantially behind whites, and research presented in this brief indicates that the wealth gap is even more staggering. Following families over time in order to understand racial differences in the sources and patterns of wealth accumulation, the author finds that African Americans would have gained significant ground relative to whites in the past 30 years if they had inherited similar amounts, comparable levels of family income, and more similar portfolio compositions. Therefore, even if the income gap between whites and African Americans were immediately eliminated, it may take another two generations for the wealth gap to close. However, certain policies could help speed up the process.

    Density alteration in non-physiological cells

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    In the present study an important phenomenon of cells was discovered: the change of intracellular density in cell's response to drug and environmental factors. For convenience, this phenomenon is named as "density alteration in non-physiological cells" ( DANCE). DANCE was determined by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation (DSGC), in which cells were separated into several bands. The number and position of the bands in DSGC varied with the change of cell culture conditions, drugs, and physical process, indicating that cell's response to these factors was associated with alteration of intracellular density. Our results showed that the bands of cells were molecularly different from each other, such as the expression of some mRNAs. For most cells tested, intracellular density usually decreased when the cells were in bad conditions, in presence of drugs, or undergoing pathological changes. However, unlike other tissue cells, brain cells showed increased intracellular density in 24 hrs after the animal death. In addition, DANCE was found to be related to drug resistance, with higher drug-resistance in cells of lower intracellular density. Further study found that DANCE also occurred in microorganisms including bacteria and fungus, suggesting that DANCE might be a sensitive and general response of cells to drugs and environmental change. The mechanisms for DANCE are not clear. Based on our study the following causes were hypothesized: change of metabolism mode, change of cell membrane function, and pathological change. DANCE could be important in medical and biological sciences. Study of DANCE might be helpful to the understanding of drug resistance, development of new drugs, separation of new subtypes from a cell population, forensic analysis, and importantly, discovery of new physiological or pathological properties of cells
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