142,535 research outputs found
Chong xiu wu xiang wu da fu miao ji /
No full textSpecial collection from London Missionary Society.; Inscription on stone.; http://nla.gov.au/nla.gen-vn403749.Rubbing of inscription in Temple of Wu, Prime Minister of Wu Stat
Accounting and Auditing information of publicly listed companies in the U.S manufacturing industry
No full textThis dataset supports the thesis entitled 'Matching Supply and Demand in the Audit Market' by Wu.
The data describes the basic financial information about the publicly listed companies in U.S. manufacturing industry and the audit-related information, including incumbent audit firm and audit fee. The data is collected from Compustat and Audit Analytics.</span
Applying GIS and fine-resolution digital terrain models to assess three-dimensional population distribution under traffic impacts
No full textXinjiang (China), folk dancing of Uyghurs
No full textFolk-dance of UighursImage is part of research conducted by Chang Chih-Yi for the article: Land Utilization and Settlement Possibilities in Sinkiang
Author(s): Chang Chih-Yi
Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Jan., 1949), pp. 57-75
Published by: American Geographical Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/211157http://www.jstor.org/stable/211157Grayscal
sj-pdf-1-spr-10.1177_02654075211064628 – Supplemental Material for Attachment relationship with parents and Taiwanese middle-aged adult children’s filial anxiety: The mediating role of dual filial piety beliefs
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-spr-10.1177_02654075211064628 for Attachment relationship with parents and Taiwanese middle-aged adult children’s filial anxiety: The mediating role of dual filial piety beliefs by Chih-Wen Wu in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</p
Visiting Wusu Village Wu Rongfu Da Rongbao
No full textWu Rongfu talks to Da Rongbao (his wife). Both are filmed and interviewed by Yu Zujing (camera man from the Culture Bureau of Mianning County).Equipment: Fostex Fr-2 AKG C 480 B+CK61-ULS (cardiod) + AKG C 480 B Preamplifier (stereo) Sony XDCAM PXW-X70 (internal mic
Creating a Museum that Touches the Heart: A Case Study of Wu Chuan-Chih
No full text[[abstract]]This study utilized narrative and participatory observation research methods to investigate two local history museums, managed by Mr. Wu Chuan-Chih for two and half years. The purpose of this study was to learn the unique concepts and techniques that Wu has used to activate object displays and to reach a balance between culture and commerce. The results suggest that Wu successfully combines exhibition and commercial elements, and creates a “human-situation interaction’’ for visitors. A fictitious exhibition, shaped according to these factors, had an inspiring effect, and his creative concepts have led to the outstanding performance of the two museums under his supervision. Wu’s experience provides an excellent example for managers of domestic museums.
Monitoring of Landscape Change on Unlawful Cultivated Forestland
No full text摘 要
森林地景變遷監測之目的在掌握過去及現在地景結構的變化過程，並進一步推估未來演變趨勢，以提供森林經營管理之依據。相關研究目前已成為國內外林業科學之重點方向。本研究利用與人為干擾有關之八項量化地景結構指數，比較蓮華池研究中心民國12年、60年及87年三期之地景結構變遷情形，並以Shannon多樣性指數t檢定法評估各期間民墾干擾程度之差異，最後整合馬可夫鏈模式與二項式logit廻歸之分析結果，預測未來之地景變遷和模擬民墾地發生之空間分佈情形，並進而探討民墾地干擾對未來地景之影響效應，提供蓮華池研究中心未來經營管理之參考。本研究結果如下：
1. 三期地景結構分析之結果顯示，由於受到民墾地干擾的影響，造成區塊總數、區塊密度、邊緣密度、形狀指數、碎形維度、Shannon多樣性及Shannon均勻度指數值上升，而平均區塊面積指數值下降之趨勢，惟就Shannon多樣性指數之t測驗檢定結果顯示，雖然三期的Shannon多樣性指數有差異，但其地景變遷在5%顯著水準時，均未達顯著差異，此說明了該期間之民墾地干擾並未達顯著的差異程度。
2. 使用馬可夫鏈模式預測未來之地景變遷結果顯示，根據民國60年至87年間之資料所建立的馬可夫鏈模式，經模式確認與驗證後，適合應用於預測民國141年、195年及249年之地景結構，並發現林業用地面積從民國60年的88.36%和民國87年的85.87%，降為民國141年的81.41%、民國195年的77.18%及民國249年的73.17%；而民墾地面積則由原來的0.90%和3.39%依序增加為7.85%、12.08%及16.09%。至於應用二項式logit廻歸分析模擬民墾地發生之空間分佈結果顯示，民墾地的發生與海拔、坡度、距民墾地、道路及河流的距離均有密切的關係，但其中以距民墾地和距道路的遠近最有相關。
3. 在探討民墾地干擾對未來地景之影響效應方面顯示，民國141年、195年及249年之Shannon多樣性指數隨著民墾地面積之增加而增加，分別為0.61，0.70和0.76，同時，由Shannon多樣性指數之t測驗檢定結果顯示，雖然到民國141年仍未發生民墾地干擾的情形，但到了民國195年，其干擾程度則已達5%顯著水準，而到了民國249年甚至達到1%的極顯著水準。
綜合以上結果可知，整合馬可夫鏈模式和二項式logit廻歸分析預測未來之地景變遷和模擬民墾地發生之空間分佈情形，確實為一有效、可行的方法，此外，Shannon多樣性指數之t測驗檢定亦可用以監測和評估民墾地干擾對未來地景之影響效應，因此，本研究所得結果可提供蓮華池研究中心經營管理之參考。ABSTRACT
The purpose of monitoring forest landscape change is not only to understand the change of past and present landscape structure, but also to predict the future trend for providing the reference of forest management. Therefore, the related research has been growing concern by forester. This study applied eight qualified landscape structure indices, which are related to human disturbance, to compare the landscape change of Lien-Hwa-Chih Research Center among 1923, 1971, and 1998. The t-test based on Shannon diversity index was also used to examine the disturbance differences caused by unlawful cultivated forestland. In addition, the mathematical models such as Markov chain and binomial logit regression analysis were applied to predict the future overall landscape structure and to simulate the spatial distribution of unlawful cultivated forestland. Again, the t-test was applied to monitor the future effect of disturbance caused by unlawful cultivated forestland. The results are as follows.
1. The comparison of landscape structure among three different dates indicated that patch number, patch density, edge density, shape index, fractal dimension, Shannon diversity index, and Shannon evenness index were increased due to the disturbance effect of unlawful cultivated forestland. Conversely, the mean patch was decreased. As for the t-test examination using Shannon diversity index, the landscape change among 1923, 1971, and 1998 showed no differences at the 5% significance level, that is, there was no significant differences about the disturbance caused by unlawful cultivated forestland.
2. The prediction of future landscape change using the Markov chain model indicated that the Markov chain developed by the time step (1971-1998) was matched well after model verification and validation. The projection of overall landscape structure from 1971 to 2052, 2106, and 2160, respectively showed that forestland was decreased from 88.36% in 1971 and 85.87% in 1998 to 81.41% in 2052, 77.18% in 2106, and 73.17% in 2160. The unlawful cultivated forestland was increased from 0.90% and 3.39% to 7.85%, 12.08%, and 6.09%, respectively. As for the spatial distribution using binomial logit regression analysis, the result showed that the occurrence of unlawful cultivated forestland had the relationship with elevation, slope, and the distance of road, river, and previous unlawful cultivated forestland. However, it was strongly correlated with the distance of road and previous unlawful cultivated forestland, and less correlated with elevation, slope, and the distance of river.
3. On the aspect of monitoring the future disturbance effect caused by unlawful cultivated forestland, the Shannon diversity indices among three predicted time steps were increased. They are 0.61, 0.70, and 0.76, respectively. Meanwhile, the Shannon t-test indicated that although there’s no disturbance effect in 2052, it would occur at the 5% significance level in 2106 and had the significant effect of disturbance at the 1% significance level in 2160.
From the result, obviously the integration of Markov chain and binomial logit regression analysis is a feasible approach to predict the overall landscape change in future and to simulate the spatial distribution of unlawful cultivated forestland. Also, the Shannon t-test is a good way to monitor and assess the disturbance effect of unlawful cultivated forestland on future landscape. The above result can be provided to Lien-Hwa-Chih Research Center for the reference of forest management in order to prevent the occurrence of unlawful
cultivated forestland.目 錄
表目錄
圖目錄
中文摘要
英文摘要
第一章、前言 ………………………………………………………… 1
第二章、研究動機與目的 …………………………………………… 2
壹、研究動機 ……………………………………………………… 2
貳、研究目的 ……………………………………………………… 3
第三章、前人研究……………………………………………………… 4
壹、地景生態學……………………………………………………… 4
一、基質…………………………………………………………… 6
二、區塊…………………………………………………………… 6
三、廊道…………………………………………………………… 6
貳、干擾因子與地景結構之關係…………………………………… 7
參、干擾指數 ……………………………………………………… 8
肆、地景結構量化分析 ……………………………………………13
伍、地景變遷研究 ………………………………………………… 19
一、地景變遷預測模式-馬可夫鏈模式…………………………22
（一）馬可夫鏈模式之發展及應用……………………………23
（二）馬可夫鏈模式之數學表示………………………………24
（三）馬可夫特性之檢定………………………………………25
（四）馬可夫鏈模式使用上之限制……………………………26
二、地景變遷空間分析模式-多項式logit廻歸模式……………27
（一）多項式logit廻歸模式之數學表示式……………………28
（二）logit模式之應用…………………………………………30
第四章、研究材料與方法………………………………………………32
壹、研究試區概述 ………………………………………………… 32
一、經營概況………………………………………………………32
（一）氣候………………………………………………………33
（二）土壤………………………………………………………33
（三）植群組成…………………………………………………33
（四）生物資源…………………………………………………34
二、蓮華池地區民墾情形…………………………………………34
貳、研究材料………………………………………………………35
一、圖籍資料………………………………………………………35
二、區塊類型圖……………………………………………………36
三、數值地型模型…………………………………………………38
參、研究方法…………………………………………………………39
一、地景結構分析…………………………………………………39
二、地景變遷模式建立……………………………………………40
（一）地景變遷預測模式………………………………………41
1、樣本取樣…………………………………………………41
2、馬可夫特性檢定…………………………………………41
3、模式建立…………………………………………………42
4、模式檢核…………………………………………………43
5、模式評估…………………………………………………43
（二）空間變遷機率模式………………………………………43
1、影響因子之選擇…………………………………………44
(1)海拔高…………………………………………44
(2)坡度……………………………………………44
(3)距民墾地距離…………………………………44
(4)距道路距離……………………………………45
(5)距河流距離……………………………………45
2、變數的度量………………………………………………45
(1)因變數…………………………………………46
（2）解釋變數……………………………………………46
3、空間資訊分析……………………………………46
4、空間變遷機率模式之建立………………………………49
5、模式驗證…………………………………………………50
三、未來民墾干擾程度之評估……………………………………51
第五章、研究結果…………………………………………………… 52
壹、地景結構分析……………………………………………………52
一、一般性指數……………………………………………………54
二、邊緣密度指數…………………………………………………55
三、形狀性指數……………………………………………………56
四、地景多樣性指數………………………………………………57
貳、地景變遷模式之建立……………………………………………60
一、蓮華池地景變遷預測模式……………………………………60
（一）樣本取樣結果……………………………………………60
（二）馬可夫特性之檢定………………………………………62
（三）抽樣資料與全區資料所建預測模式之比較……………65
（四）模式檢核…………………………………………………68
1、民國12~60年預測模式檢核……………………………68
2、民國60~87年預測模式檢核……………………………69
（五）模式評估…………………………………………………70
二、蓮華池空間變遷機率模式……………………………………71
（一）空間資訊樣本取樣………………………………………71
（二）地景變遷之多項式logit廻歸分析………………………71
參、未來民墾干擾程度之評估………………………………………76
第六章、討論……………………………………………………………81
壹、地景結構分析結果之探討………………………………………81
一、地景結構量化結果與圖籍資料比例尺之關係………………81
貳、地景變遷模式建立結果之探討…………………………………81
一、馬可夫鏈模式評估……………………………………………81
二、民墾干擾影響因子……………………………………………82
三、地景變遷空間分析之準確度…………………………………82
參、未來干擾程度評估結果之探討…………………………………83
一、未來干擾程度評估在生態保育上之意義……………………83
二、未來干擾程度評估對政策制定之影響……………………83
第七章、結論……………………………………………………………85
第八章、展望與建議……………………………………………………87
第九章、參考文獻 ……………………………………………………8
Wu que shuang fei: gu zhuang li shi ai qing xin ju.
No full text吳硏因編.Songs with staff notation.本電子書乃根據《香港版權條例(第528章)》而複製, 並只可在大學圖書館系統內的獨立電子書系統上使用.Wu Yanyin bian.Ben dian zi shu nai gen ju "Xianggang ban quan tiao li (Di 528 zhang)" er fu zhi, bing zhi ke zai da xue tu shu guan xi tong nei de du li dian zi shu xi tong shang shi yong
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