36 research outputs found
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy for social anxiety disorder
No full text202309 bcchAccepted ManuscriptSelf-fundedPublishedGreen (AAM
Adrenomedullin: Its role in the cardiovascular system
No full textAdrenomedullin is a 52-amino acid peptide that was first isolated from human pheochromocytoma. Subsequently, it was found to be distributed widely in the body, including throughout the cardiovascular system. It belongs to a family of peptides that include calcitonin gene-related peptide and amylin. Adrenomedullin causes vasorelaxation and influences vascular proliferation and interacts closely with nitric oxide, and it may have a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and cardiac and renal failure. Nonpeptide agonists or antagonists of adrenomedullin may have potential therapeutic application. The role of adrenomedullin in septicemic shock also merits further investigation.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Epigenetic regulation of centromere function
No full textThe centromere is a specialized region on the chromosome that directs equal chromosome segregation. Centromeres are usually not defined by DNA sequences alone. How centromere formation and function are determined by epigenetics is still not fully understood. Active centromeres are often marked by the presence of centromeric-specific histone H3 variant, centromere protein A (CENP-A). How CENP-A is assembled into the centromeric chromatin during the cell cycle and propagated to the next cell cycle or the next generation to maintain the centromere function has been intensively investigated. In this review, we summarize current understanding of how post-translational modifications of CENP-A and other centromere proteins, centromeric and pericentric histone modifications, non-coding transcription and transcripts contribute to centromere function, and discuss their intricate relationships and potential feedback mechanisms.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
“Lessons from the extremes: Epigenetic and genetic regulation in point monocentromere and holocentromere establishment on artificial chromosomes”
No full textThe formation of de novo centromeres on artificial chromosomes in humans (HACs) and fission yeast (SpYACs) has provided much insights to the epigenetic and genetic control on regional centromere establishment and maintenance. Similarly, the use of artificial chromosomes in point centromeric budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScYACs) and holocentric Caenorhabditis elegans (WACs) has revealed epigenetic regulation in the originally thought purely genetically-determined point centromeres and some centromeric DNA sequence features in holocentromeres, respectively. These relatively extreme and less characterized centromere organizations, on the endogenous chromosomes and artificial chromosomes, will be discussed and compared to the more well-studied regional centromere systems. This review will highlight some of the common epigenetic and genetic features in different centromere architectures, including the presence of the centromeric histone H3 variant, CENP-A or CenH3, centromeric and pericentric transcription, AT-richness and repetitiveness of centromeric DNA sequences.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Simplified analytic formulae for magneto-optical Kerr effects in ultrathin magnetic films
No full textExpressions are presented for various magneto-optical Kerr effects in the ultrathin film limit with arbitrary magnetization direction by considering the multiple reflections within an optically thin film. The Kerr effect of p- and s-polarization consists of products of two factors: the prefactor, dependent only on the optical parameters of the system, and the main factor of the polar Kerr effect for normal incidence in the ultrathin limit. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.This work was supported by the Creative Research Initiatives of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea, and
one author (CYY) wishes to acknowledge the financial support of the Korea Research Foundation made in program
Year 1997, and the hospitality of Argonne National Laboratory. Argonne was supported by the US Department of
Energy, BES-Material Science, under contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38
The Cytokine response of rat macrophages to lipopolysaccharide is modulated by adrenomedullin
No full textpublished_or_final_versio
Adrenomedullin expression and cytokine response in experimentally induced endotoxaemia
No full textBACKGROUND: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a potent vasodilatory peptide involved in cardiovascular homeostasis and in inflammation. To study the effect of septicaemia, we examined the temporal changes in tissue AM and preproAM mRNA levels, and cytokine response in a rat model of endotoxaemia. METHOD: Male Sprague–Dawley rats received intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 10 mg/kg weight, or saline as control. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after injection. Concentrations of AM and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6) in the plasma and various tissues were measured. PreproAM mRNA levels were determined using solution hybridization-RNase protection assay. RESULTS: Plasma AM was raised at 3, 6, and 12 h. There were significant increases in preproAM mRNA levels in the lung at 3 and 6 h, in the liver at 3 h, and in the kidney at 1 and 3 h; while there was no change in preproAM mRNA levels in the spleen and adrenal gland. Immunoreactive AM concentration was increased in the lung at 3, 6, and 12 h, but not changed in the liver or the kidney. Concentrations of TNF-a were raised in the plasma at 1, 3 and 6 h, in the lung at 1 h, in the spleen at 1–3 h, and the liver at 1 h. Concentrations of IL-1b were increased in the plasma at 3 and 6 h, in the lung at 3–12 h, in the spleen at 1–12 h, and the kidney at 6 h. Concentrations of IL-6 were increased in the plasma at 3–12 h. However, there was no significant change in IL-6 levels in the tissue extracts tested. CONCLUSIONS: Endotoxin stimulates the expression of AM and proinflammatory cytokines in systemic circulatory and localized tissues. AM may be involved in the systemic response to sepsis
Hamiltonian simulation with optimal sample complexity
No full text© 2017 Author(s). We investigate the sample complexity of Hamiltonian simulation: how many copies of an unknown quantum state are required to simulate a Hamiltonian encoded by the density matrix of that state? We show that the procedure proposed by Lloyd, Mohseni, and Rebentrost [Nat. Phys., 10(9):631-633, 2014] is optimal for this task. We further extend their method to the case of multiple input states, showing how to simulate any Hermitian polynomial of the states provided. As applications, we derive optimal algorithms for commutator simulation and orthogonality testing, and we give a protocol for creating a coherent superposition of pure states, when given sample access to those states. We also show that this sample-based Hamiltonian simulation can be used as the basis of a universal model of quantum computation that requires only partial swap operations and simple single-qubit states
