1,721,462 research outputs found
Poverty and the Policy Response to the Economic Crisis in Liberia
No full textThe purpose of this study is to provide in one place a set of papers that were written at various points in time over the last four years on poverty and the response to the recent economic crisis in Liberia. More precisely, the objective of the study is twofold. First it is to provide a basic diagnostic of both consumption-based poverty and human development (especially education and health) in the country using the 2007 CWIQ (Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire) survey. Second, it is to assess the likely impact on the poor of the recent economic crisis, and especially the increase in rice prices, and to document the targeting performance of measures taken by the government in 2008/09 to help the poor cope with the crisis. These measures included a reduction in import taxes for rice, a reform of the personal income tax, and the implementation of cash for work temporary employment program. This introductory chapter outlines the topics covered in the various chapters of the study and summarizes their main results. The study is structured in three parts. Part one consists of three basic diagnostic chapters for poverty, education, and health. Part two is devoted to assessing the likely impact on the poor of the recent economic crisis, and especially the increase in rice prices, and to document the targeting performance of fiscal measures taken by the government to help the poor cope with the crisis. Part three provides an evaluation of cash for work temporary employment program also put in place by the authorities to help the poor cope with the crisis
Improving the Targeting of Social Programs in Ghana
No full textThis study provides a diagnostic of the benefit incidence and targeting performance of a large number of social programs in Ghana. Both broad-based programs (such as spending for education and health, and subsidies for food, oil-related products and electricity) as well as targetd programs (such as LEAP, the indigent exemption under the NHIS, school lunches and uniforms, or fertilizer subsidies) are considered. In addition, the study provides tools and recommendations for better targeting of those programs in the future. The tools include new maps and data sets for geographic targeting according to poverty and food security, as well as ways to implement proxy means-testing. The purpose of this introductory chapter is to provide a brief synthesis of the key findings and messages from the study
The Role of Faith-inspired Health Care Providers in Sub-Saharan Africa and Public-Private Partnerships : Strengthening the Evidence for Faith-inspired Health Engagement in Africa, Volume 1
No full textThis role of faith-inspired health care
providers in sub-saharan Africa and public-private
partnerships is comprised of a three volume series on
strengthening the evidence for faith inspired engagement in
health in sub-Saharan Africa. An increasing level of
interest in the role of faith in development has generated
much debate and dialogue at the international and national
levels over the last decade. Despite difficulties in
communication and differences in cultures within such
debates, there has been a continued reaffirmation of the
potential benefits that faith-inspired communities can bring
towards efforts to achieve the millennium development goals
(MDGs), especially in the areas of health. This series
focuses on assessing the role and market share of
faith-inspired providers and on assessing the extent to
which they are involved in and benefit from public-private
partnerships. The purpose of this series of three HNP
discussion papers is to round up various analytical
perspectives and emerging research on faith engagement in
health in Africa from a range of researchers and
practitioners from the north as well as the south. The
series is structured into three volumes: a first volume on
the role and market share of faith-inspired providers and
public-private partnerships, a second on satisfaction and
the comparative nature of faith-inspired health provision,
and the third on mapping of faith inspired provision and the
extent to which faith-inspired providers reach to the poor
The Comparative Nature of Faith-Inspired Health Care Provision in Sub-Saharan Africa : Strengthening the Evidence for Faith-inspired Health Engagement in Africa, Volume 2
No full textThis role of faith-inspired health care
providers in sub-saharan Africa and public-private
partnerships is comprised of a three volume series on
strengthening the evidence for faith inspired engagement in
health in sub-Saharan Africa. An increasing level of
interest in the role of faith in development has generated
much debate and dialogue at the international and national
levels over the last decade. Despite difficulties in
communication and differences in cultures within such
debates, there has been a continued reaffirmation of the
potential benefits that faith-inspired communities can bring
towards efforts to achieve the millennium development goals
(MDGs), especially in the areas of health. This series
focuses on assessing the role and market share of
faith-inspired providers and on assessing the extent to
which they are involved in and benefit from public-private
partnerships. The purpose of this series of three HNP
discussion papers is to round up various analytical
perspectives and emerging research on faith engagement in
health in Africa from a range of researchers and
practitioners from the north as well as the south. The
series is structured into three volumes: a first volume on
the role and market share of faith-inspired providers and
public-private partnerships, a second on satisfaction and
the comparative nature of faith-inspired health provision,
and the third on mapping of faith inspired provision and the
extent to which faith-inspired providers reach to the poor
Mapping, Cost, and Reach to the Poor of Faith-inspired Health Care Providers in Sub-Saharan Africa : Strengthening the Evidence for Faith-inspired Health Engagement in Africa, Volume 3
Full text linkThis role of faith-inspired health care
providers in sub-saharan Africa and public-private
partnerships is comprised of a three volume series on
strengthening the evidence for faith inspired engagement in
health in sub-Saharan Africa. An increasing level of
interest in the role of faith in development has generated
much debate and dialogue at the international and national
levels over the last decade. Despite difficulties in
communication and differences in cultures within such
debates, there has been a continued reaffirmation of the
potential benefits that faith-inspired communities can bring
towards efforts to achieve the millennium development goals
(MDGs), especially in the areas of health. This series
focuses on assessing the role and market share of
faith-inspired providers and on assessing the extent to
which they are involved in and benefit from public-private
partnerships. The purpose of this series is three HNP
discussion papers is to round up various analytical
perspectives and emerging research on faith engagement in
health in Africa from a range of researchers and
practitioners from the north as well as the south. The
series is structured into three volumes: a first volume on
the role and market share of faith-inspired providers and
public-private partnerships, a second on satisfaction and
the comparative nature of faith-inspired health provision,
and the third on mapping of faith inspired provision and the
extent to which faith-inspired providers reach to the poor
An Assessment of Policies Using SABER
No full textSince the early 2000s, Indonesia has taken a number of steps to prioritize early childhood development – ranging from the inclusion of Early Childhood Development (ECD) in the National Education System Law No. 20 in 2003 to a Presidential Declaration on Holistic and Integrated ECD and the launch of the country’s first ever ECD Census in 2011. These policy milestones have occurred in parallel with sustained progress on outcomes included in the Millennium Development Goals, including for child malnutrition, child mortality and universal basic education. Additional progress could be achieved by strengthening ECD policies further. This report presents findings from an assessment of ECD policies and programs in Indonesia based on two World Bank tools: the ECD module of the Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) and a guide on essential interventions for investing in young children. Results from the application of both tools to Indonesia are used to suggest a number of policy options for consideration
Escuelas religiosas en America Latina : estudios de caso sobre Fe y Alegría
No full textMany observers consider Fe y Alegría a successful organization, but very few rigorous evaluations have been conducted.
This volume is devoted to an assessment of the performance and selected aspects of the management and pedagogical practices of Fe y Alegría, a federation of Jesuit schools serving approximately one million children in 20 countries, mostly in Latin America. The available quantitative evidence suggests that the federation’s schools often do reach the poor, and that students in Fe y Alegría schools tend to perform as well on test scores, if not slightly better than comparable students in other schools. Qualitative data and case studies suggest that the factors that lead to good performance are complex and related not only to the types of “inputs” or resources used by the schools in the education process, but also to the management of these resources, and the ability to implement and test innovative programs. Other factors that support this argument include the capacity and flexibility to implement and test innovative programs that take into account the local realities.
This volume will be of interest to researchers, policy makers and practitioners working in service provision through public-private partnerships and especially by faith-based organizations.Este volumen está dedicado a una valoración del desempeño y aspectos seleccionados de la gestión y las prácticas pedagógicas de las escuelas Fe y Alegría, una federación de colegios Jesuitas que prestan sus servicios a aproximadamente un millón de niños en 20 países, principalmente en América Latina. La evidencia cuantitativa disponible sugiere que las escuelas de la federación frecuentemente favorecen a las personas más pobres, y que los estudiantes de las escuelas Fe y Alegría tienden a rendir igual en las pruebas estandarizadas, si no ligeramente mejor, que otros estudiantes comparables en otras escuelas. Los datos cualitativos y los estudios de caso analizados en este documento sugieren que los factores que conducen a buenos resultados son complejos y están relacionados no sólo con los tipos de “inputs” o de recursos utilizados por las escuelas en el proceso educativo sino también con la gestión de estos recursos. Asimismo, otros factores que apoyan este argumento incluyen la capacidad y la flexibilidad para implementar y probar programas innovadores que tienen en cuenta las realidades locales. Los autores también analizan la replicabilidad de estos factores de éxito en las escuelas públicas y ofrecen algunas recomendaciones para conseguirlo
Growth, poverty, and inequality : a regional panel for Bangladesh
Full text linkMost empirical work on how growth affects poverty and inequality has been based on international panel data sets. Panels can also be used within a country, if the analysis is carried out at the regional level. The author does this for Bangladesh, where regional panel estimates indicate that growth reduces poverty in both urban and rural areas. Growth is associated with rising inequality only in urban areas. Simulations based on these estimates indicate how much poverty reduction could increase in the next 10 years if growth were promoted in rural areas rather than urban areas.Services&Transfers to Poor,Economic Conditions and Volatility,Public Health Promotion,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators,Poverty Assessment,Services&Transfers to Poor,Rural Poverty Reduction,Achieving Shared Growth
Residential Piped Water in Uganda
No full textThis World Bank Study provides a basic diagnostic of residential piped water coverage and affordability in Uganda and its relationship with poverty using a series of nationally representative household surveys for the period 2002–13. The study fi rst analyzes trends in piped water coverage using both administrative and survey data. Demand-side and supply-side factors reducing the take-up of piped water service by households in areas where the service is available are estimated. The study also documents the extent to which piped water coverage enables households to shift time use away from domestic tasks toward market work, and the benefi cial effect that this may have on poverty. The targeting performance to the poor of water subsidies is estimated and results obtained for Uganda are compared with estimates for other countries. Finally, the study analyzes issues related to affordability—including the impact of the tariff increase of 2012 on household consumption, poverty, and piped water affordability—as well as the cost for households to connect to the piped water network
Analyzing the Potential Impact of Indirect Tax Reforms on Poverty with Limited Data: Niger
Full text linkMany countries in sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with the need to raise tax revenues in order to be able to provide a range of services to their populations. Yet taxes and other government revenues as a proportion of GDP are lowest in the poorest countries that need to expand their services the most. In addition, because of high level of informality in their economies, very-low-income countries obtain a large share of tax revenues through consumption taxes which tend to be more regressive than taxes on incomes levied in richer countries. Such a situation poses a difficult dilemma. Very-low-income countries are trying to increase their tax revenues to provide better services to their populations in need, but at the same time a substantial part of the burden of increased taxation may fall on the poor. Furthermore, because the poor in very-low-income countries are often extremely poor, even small increases in the price of the goods they consume related to an increase in tax rates on those goods may have important negative implications for the households’ ability to meet their basic needs. This implies that government must be especially careful when raising taxes in order to provide social services. The type of household survey-based analysis that can be conducted to inform governments in this area is illustrated in this paper with a case study on Niger.Indirect taxes; social services; poverty; Niger
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