19,115 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
Full text linkAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
Full text linkAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
Full text linkThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Wojciech Witkowski, Historia administracji w Polsce 1764-1989, 2007
Full text linkRecenzja: Wojciech Witkowski, Historia administracji w Polsce. 1764-1989. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2007, ss. 47
Satisfiability for SCULPT-Schemas for CSV-Like Data
Full text linkSCULPT is a simple schema language inspired by the recent working effort towards a recommendation by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for tabular data and metadata on the Web. In its core, a SCULPT schema consists of a set of rules where left-hand sides select sets of regions in the tabular data and the right-hand sides describe the contents of these regions. A document (divided in cells by row- and column-delimiters) then satisfies a schema if it satisfies every rule. In this paper, we study the satisfiability problem for SCULPT schemas. As SCULPT describes grid-like structures, satisfiability obviously becomes undecidable rather quickly even for very restricted schemas. We define a schema language called L-SCULPT (Lego SCULPT) that restricts the walking power of SCULPT by selecting rectangular shaped areas and only considers tables for which selected regions do not intersect. Depending on the axes used by L-SCULPT, we show that satisfiability is PTIME-complete or undecidable. One of the tractable fragments is practically useful as it extends the structural core of the current W3C proposal for schemas over tabular data. We therefore see how the navigational power of the W3C proposal can be extended while still retaining tractable satisfiability tests
Andrzej Witkowski, Pełnomocnicy rządowi do spraw podatku gruntowego w Polsce (1947- 1950), 2009
Full text linkRecenzja: Andrzej Witkowski, Pełnomocnicy rządowi do spraw podatku gruntowego w Polsce (1947-1950), Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa 2009, ss. 40
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
Full text linkThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
Artur Korobowicz, Wojciech Witkowski, Ustrój i prawo na ziemiach polskich. Od rozbiorów do odzyskania niepodległości, 1994
Full text linkRecenzja: Artur Korobowicz, Wojciech Witkowski, Ustrój i prawo na ziemiach polskich. Od rozbiorów do odzyskania niepodległo ci. Lublin 1994
Andrzej Witkowski, Podatki państwowe w Polsce w latach 1944-1950, Wyższa Szkoła Administracji i Zarządzania w Przemyślu, Przemyśl 2005, ss. 269
Full text linkReview: Andrzej Witkowski, Podatki państwowe w Polsce w latach 1944-1950, 2005 (Robert Jastrzębski)Recenzja: Andrzej Witkowski, Podatki państwowe w Polsce w latach 1944-1950, 2005 (Robert Jastrzębski
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