4,273 research outputs found
New insights into protein recommendations for promoting muscle hypertrophy
No full textIn this article, Lindsay Macnaughton and Dr Oliver Witard critique the latest information regarding athletespecific protein recommendations for promoting muscle hypertrophy
Understanding the complex relationship between amino acid absorption kinetics and postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy adults and critically ill patients
No full textPurpose of review: protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics are quantifiable metrics commonly utilized to determine the quality of a protein source. This review critically evaluates recent evidence (primarily from studies that provided commonly consumed protein-rich foods) regarding the relationship between in vivo protein digestion and amino acid absorption rates with the postprandial stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with an emphasis on healthy adults and critically ill patients.Recent findings: ingested protein sources that elicit moderate amino acid bioavailability, including leucine, stimulate MPS rates to a comparable extent as protein sources that elicit high amino acid bioavailability in healthy young adults. Amino acid absorption kinetics appear to be modulated in critically ill patients, leading to a marked reduction in postprandial MPS rates. Preliminary studies demonstrate that enteral feeding of high dose free amino acids increase amino acid bioavailability to a greater extent than intact protein, leading to a positive whole-body net protein balance in critically ill patients. However, in practice, the high osmolarity of free amino acids leads to a high prevalence of diarrhoea and thus limits the clinical application of this intervention.Summary: the enteral provision of free amino acids represents a theoretical, but not practically-relevant, clinical nutrition strategy to mitigate the catabolic response to critical illness. Future studies are warranted to establish targeted protein/amino acid-based interventions to mitigate skeletal muscle atrophy during the metabolic care of critically ill patients.</p
The British ‘Bluesman’ Paul Oliver and the Nature of Transatlantic Blues Scholarship
No full textRecent revisionist studies have argued that much of what is known about music known as the blues’ has been 'invented' by the writing of enthusiasts far removed from the African American culture that created the music. Elijah Wald and Marybeth Hamilton in particular have attempted to sift through the clouds of romanticism, and tried to unveil more empirical histories that were previously obscured by the fallacious genre distinctions conjured up during the 1960s blues revival. While this revisionist scholarship has shed light on some previously ignored historical facts, writers have tended to concentrate on the romanticism of blues writing strictly from an American perspective, failing to acknowledge the genesis and influence of transatlantic scholarship, and therefore ignoring the work of the most prolific and influential blues scholar of the twentieth century, British writer Paul Oliver. By examining the core of Oliver’s research and writing during the 1950s and 1960s, this study aims to place Oliver in his rightful place at the centre of blues historiography. His scholarship allows a more detailed appreciation of the manner in which the blues was studied, through lyrics, recordings, oral histories, photography and African American literature. These historical sources were interpreted in accordance with the author’s attitudes to the commercial popular music, which allowed the ‘reconstruction’ of an African American ‘folk’ culture in which the blues became the antithesis of pop. Importantly, this study seeks to transcend dominant discourses of national cultural ownership or ethnocentrism, and demonstrate that representations of African American music and culture were constructed within a transatlantic context. The blues is music with roots in the African American experience within the United States; however, as Paul Oliver’s writing shows, its reception and representation were not limited by the same national, cultural or racial boundaries
Beach body' row misses the key points about protein and weight loss
No full textFirst paragraph: Protein-based fitness products are now big business. Once aimed largely at athletes and hardcore gym-goers seeking to “bulk up”, protein shakes, powders and bars are now being consumed by “ordinary” people seeking to lose weight or tone their bodies. UK sales increased from £73m in 2007 to £170m in 2012 and are expected to reach £358m by 2017.https://theconversation.com/beach-body-row-misses-the-key-points-about-protein-and-weight-loss-4099
The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle and whole-body protein synthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textContext: Sarcopenia describes the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that is driven, at least in part, by an imbalance between rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown. An expanding body of literature has examined the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) ingestion on MPS rates in older adults, with mixed findings. Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of n-3 PUFA ingestion in stimulating rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis in healthy adults and clinical populations. Data Sources: Searches were conducted of the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases from inception until December 2022 for articles on randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion vs a control or placebo on rates of MPS and whole-body protein synthesis. The search yielded 302 studies, of which 8 were eligible for inclusion. Data Extraction: The random effects inverse-variance model was used and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95%CIs were calculated to assess the pooled effect. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool. Data Analysis: The main analysis indicated no effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on MPS rates (k = 6; SMD: 0.03; 95%CI, -0.35 to 0.40; I2 = 30%; P =. 89). Subgroup analysis based on age, n-3 PUFA dose, duration of supplementation, and method used to measure fractional synthetic rate also revealed no effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on MPS. In contrast, the main analysis demonstrated an effect of n-3 PUFA ingestion on increasing whole-body protein synthesis rates (k = 3; SMD: 0.51; 95%CI, 0.12-0.90; I2 = 0%; P =. 01). Conclusions: n-3 PUFA ingestion augments the stimulation of whole-body protein synthesis rates in healthy adults and clinical populations
The effect of bed rest, unilateral limb immobilization and head-down tilt on muscle protein synthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textMuscle disuse leads to muscle atrophy and a decrease in muscle function that is primarily driven by reduced muscle protein synthesis (MPS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of different models of muscle disuse on rates of MPS. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library. Eligible randomized and non-randomized controlled trials compared the effect of bed rest (BR), unilateral lower limb immobilization (ULLI), and 6° head-down tilt (HDT) on pre-post muscle disuse changes in MPS in adults. Using the random and fixed effects inverse-variance model, we calculated the mean difference (MD) in the effect of BR on mixed MPS and ULLI on myofibrillar MPS (MyoPS) (both expressed as fractional synthetic rate,%/h). The effect of HDT on MPS was examined through a narrative synthesis of data. A total of 16 studies were included in the systematic review and 13 in the meta-analysis. A significant reduction in mixed MPS was observed after BR (k = 4; MD: -0.017%/h, 95% CI: -0.023 to -0.011, I 2 = 24%, P < 0.01) and a significant reduction in MyoPS was observed after ULLI (k = 9; MD: -0.015%/h, 95% CI: -0.021 to -0.008, I 2 = 94%, P < 0.01). HDT led to reductions in both mixed MPS and MyoPS. A comparable reduction in mixed MPS and MyoPS was observed between different models of muscle disuse. </p
A Reading By Poet Mary Oliver
No full textMary Oliver\u27s poetry, with her lyrical connection to the natural world, has firmly established her in the highest realm of American poets. She is renowned for her evocative and precise imagery, which brings nature into clear focus, transforming the everyday world into a place of magic and discovery. As poet Stanley Kunitz has said, Mary Oliver\u27s poetry is fine and deep; it reads like a blessing. Her special gift is to connect us with our sources in the natural world, its beauties and terrors and mysteries and consolations. Please join Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Mary Oliver as she shares her joyous, accessible, and intimate observations of the natural world.
Mary Oliver is the celebrated author of more than a dozen books of poetry and prose. With her lyrical connection to the natural world, Oliver\u27s poetry has firmly established her in the highest realm of American poets. Oliver has been honored with the National Book Award for Poetry, the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, and a Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship, among others
"Hi, fellas. come on in." Norman Carlson, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and the Rise of Prison Fellowship
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in the Journal of Church and State following peer review. The version of record - Kendrick Oliver; “Hi, Fellas. Come on in.” Norman Carlson, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and the Rise of Prison Fellowship, Journal of Church and State, Volume 55, Issue 4, 1 December 2013, Pages 740–757 - is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/css05
Biography of Mary Jane Oliver
No full textTypescript of a sketch biography about Mary Jane (Oliver) Barlow, who came came from England around 1851 and with her husband, Oswald Barlow, helped to settle Saint George. Author unknown, but copied on January 13, 1937 by Virginia M. Lee of the Federal Writers Project, WPA, at Ogden, Uta
A conversation between Sandy Oliver of Isleboro, cookery author and columnist, a
No full textA conversation between Sandy Oliver of Isleboro, cookery author and columnist, and Melissa Kelly, author, chef, and founder of Primo restaurants in Rockland, Tucson, and Orlando. Oliver is updating Marjorie Mosser\u27s Good Maine Food, and Kelly is updating Marjorie Standish\u27s Cooking Down East . They share their thoughts on traditional Maine food, vegetable gardening, using local and seasonal food, and raising livestock for food
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