1,721,064 research outputs found
The impact of livestock and gender on household expenditure patterns in the Copperbelt province of Zambia
Full text linkLivestock have long been considered an important asset, especially for poor people in developing countries. Many researchers have suggested that livestock can provide a means for development and growth and can be an effective pathway out of poverty for millions of people. Despite the recognized importance of livestock, there remains a dearth of studies that have used household data to test the impact of this asset. Using a panel data set from the Copperbelt Rural Livelihood Enhancement Support Project (CRLESP), this study examines the impact of livestock on household expenditures. Specifically, the study compares the changes in food budget shares for households that have income from livestock and households that did not have livestock income during the study period. Furthermore, the study examines whether the impact of livestock as an asset is different when women control the asset. Unique features of the data and the setting avert concerns of endogeneity that affect studies of this type. The thesis first uses non-parametric local polynomial smoothing estimation to create Engel curves for households exogenously treated with livestock ownership and control households. Next, budget share regressions are run using Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR). A relationship appears to exist between food shares and the sex of the household head, but tends to vary with changes in the specification of the econometric model. The results indicate that households receiving livestock income are more likely to spend their additional income on food, compared to other sources of income. Thus, livestock development might be a particularly effective mechanism for addressing some forms of food insecurity.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2013-07-12T16:03:32Z
Item was in collections:
University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemItem marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Seth Robbins ([email protected]) on 2013-08-22T16:49:40Z
Item is restricted until 2015-08-22T16:49:27ZU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 45561 on 2015-08-22T10:00:34Z
Passing on dietary diversity? Livestock ownership in the Copperbelt Region of Zambia
Full text linkSmallholder livestock ownership has potential for nutritional impacts in excess of its effects on income, and may be one method of reducing food insecurity through an increase in dietary diversity. Dietary diversity can be understood both as a measure of macronutrient and micronutrient consumption as well as a household’s ability to access a variety of food. As production of animal products tends to have a significant local aspect, there may be spatial spillovers allowing for improved nutrition both for the recipient households and for their communities as well. This research uses a unique dataset from Zambia to measure food security effects, and dietary diversity specifically, of livestock development.
Using a balanced panel of 300 households from the Copperbelt Region of Zambia, this research calculates a Household Dietary Diversity Score (HHDDS) as well as a frequency-weighted dietary diversity score in order to evaluate the impact of receiving livestock on dietary diversity as a measure of food security. By exploiting the staggered rollout of livestock distribution by Heifer International, the organization distributing the livestock, the thesis uses a statistically similar treatment and control group. The results indicate that dairy cows are the most effective livestock studied for improving dietary diversity, both of the households that received them and of their neighbors. However, draft cattle recipient households also see significant improvements in their expenditure per capita, which in turn has a strong, significant, and consistent positive effect on dietary diversity. Thus, livestock improve dietary diversity through both a direct mechanism of consumption of animal products as well as indirectly through an increase in expenditure, some of which is used to purchase a larger variety of food.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2014-04-29T21:39:20Z
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University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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Item is restricted until 2016-05-30T17:09:03ZRestriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:39:16-05:00
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Release Date: 2016-05-30 12:09:03 UTC
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 49785 on 2016-09-22T20:59:24Z
Determinants of soybean adoption and performance in northern Ghana
Full text linkSoybean has capacity as a development crop to generate new sources of income for smallholder farmers. Yet as an unfamiliar commercial crop, soybean requires farmers to move beyond traditional production practices and market engagements in order to succeed. In this context soybean represents a long-jump agricultural technology, requiring significant, non-incremental changes for smallholder farmers. This research addresses the adoption process for long-jump agricultural technologies like soybean to understand the drivers that enable or hinder farmer participation in this dynamic agricultural market.
Specifically, I explore the role experience, space, economies of scale, demographics, market access, and land rights play in understanding adoption and performance in soybean production among smallholder women farmers. I consider three estimation strategies using a primary dataset on smallholder soybean producers in the Upper West region of Ghana. I first employ probit and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models to understand adoption and performance. I then employ a combined spatial-autoregressive with spatial-autoregressive disturbances (SARAR) model using a generalized spatial two-stage least squares to understand cross-unit interactions in a spatial dimension.
I demonstrate that there exists positive, large, and significant spatial autoregressive dependence and knowledge spillover in soybean yields among smallholder female farmers within spatial networks. This finding provides guidance for agricultural development programs about the importance of social interaction and information provision through farmer networks in improving farmer performance in soybean production. Further, I show that larger farms and producers who allocate more land to soybean cultivation are associated with higher yields and sustained soybean adoption, which may indicate economies of scale. Finally, I demonstrate that experience and extension access are important drivers of success in soybean cultivation. These findings ultimately contribute to the understanding of whether soybean as a development crop can directly benefit smallholder farmer livelihoods.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo termsThe student, Courtney Tamimie, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-24 at 11:21.The student, Courtney Tamimie, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2017-04-24 at 11:25.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2017-04-28 at 11:48.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11003 on 2017-08-10 at 13:45:36Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:15:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2017-04-2
Spatial Models of Animal Disease Control in South America: The Case of Foot -and -Mouth Disease
No full textThis research presents three complementary models of FMD control. The first model is a spatially sensitive epidemiological representation of disease spread. The second model is integrated with the first model to determine the short and long run regional and aggregate costs and benefits of alternative mitigation strategies. Results from the integrated epidemiological-economic model indicate that the highest long-term benefits arise from a combined strategy of vaccination in Paraguay and stamping out in the rest of the Southern Cone, though this is sensitive to the size of the outbreak and certain parameter assumptions. While this strategy yields the maximum benefit of those considered, the gains are not distributed equally over the different regions in the Southern Cone. The third model analyzes FMD control behavior in the context of spatial interactions between actors, emphasizing how countervailing incentives based on asymmetries resulting from location and endowments mitigate successful control efforts in the Southern Cone. This model is based on recent literature on social interactions and combines theoretical results using spatial games with cellular automata simulations. The analysis illustrates the difficulties in disease control efforts in the presence of spatial interactions and provides new theoretical insights on spatial games, through the incorporation of heterogeneous incentives and fixed boundaries in the analysis.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T20:55:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2005Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 84257
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only342 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005
Economic Integration: Impacts and Alternative Responses in Brazil's Northeast
No full text149 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998.The impacts of economic integration on Brazil's Northeast are evaluated using a static, long run, general equilibrium model of trade with Armington and small country assumptions to identify sectoral impacts. Based on the results, alternative responses for the region are discussed. The model includes six aggregated sectors: grains, non-grains, food, minerals, and machinery and five regions/countries: Northeast Brazil, Brazil, Mercosul, Alca and the rest of the world. The simulations performed included: the reduction of trading barriers based on the Mercosul agenda, including the elimination of tariffs among Mercosul member countries and stipulation of common external tariffs; the formation of a free trade area of the Americas-Alca (i.e. no tariffs for goods imported from Nafta, Central America, Caribbean and rest of South America); and the maintenance of a uniform exchange rate overvaluation on a customs union scenario. Results indicate improved trade balance for Mercosul and changes in sectoral contributions to gross regional product, with loses for the mineral sector and gains for the machinery and the Northeast textile sectors. This pattern is strongest for the tariff reduction scenarios. In terms of exchange rate overvaluation the losers are agricultural export producers. It is shown that the Northeast non-agricultural sectors have higher opportunities with economic integration and so special emphasis should be given to textiles and cotton production through investment in training and technology.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
Social Capital Effects on Poverty and Technical Efficiency in Rural KwaZulu -Natal, South Africa
No full textAlthough, many studies have documented that social capital works, how and why it works will greatly contribute to understanding how and when it can be used to influence development. This work will require collaborative efforts between economists, sociologists and/or anthropologists.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T20:55:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2002Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 84242
Lift date: Forever
Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only202 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2002
Is subsistence enough? Examining the impact of household farm bio-diversity on dietary diversity in Bukidnon, Philippines.
No full textHunger and malnutrition have plagued the developing world for decades. Not only are individuals not meeting their daily energy requirements, but individuals are also not meeting their daily micronutrient requirements. Many researchers and health institutions recommend consuming a diverse diet to increase the likelihood of meeting nutritional requirements. In the literature debate exists concerning whether households should focus on increasing income by commercializing and improve their diets by purchasing a more diverse mix of foods, or if households should diversify production at home in order to meet nutritional needs.
This thesis uses household data from Bukidnon, Philippines to develop a Production Diversity Score (PDS) that is used to examine the impact of farm biodiversity on an individual’s Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and the likelihood that individuals are meeting their micronutrient needs. The results suggest that compared to raising production diversity, a more effective route to increasing dietary diversity is to increase income and total expenditures of the household. A relationship appears to exist between children’s diets and production diversity but the relationship is weak and varies with changes in the specification of the econometric model. Results suggest that to increase dietary diversity and the likelihood that individuals are meeting daily dietary needs, households should in fact commercialize and increase their incomes. Moreover, it appears that improvements in infrastructure could have a significant impact on diets in this study area.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2011-04-28T17:15:58Z
Item was in collections:
University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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Empirical Evidence of Changes in the Coffee Market After Liberalization: A Case of Northern Tanzania
No full text210 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.The study recommends further research in input marketing and output market niches for Tanzanian coffee farmers. It recommends interventions to reduce credit problems, and to encourage market coordination.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
Economic Integration: Impacts and Alternative Responses in Brazil's Northeast
No full textThe impacts of economic integration on Brazil's Northeast are evaluated using a static, long run, general equilibrium model of trade with Armington and small country assumptions to identify sectoral impacts. Based on the results, alternative responses for the region are discussed. The model includes six aggregated sectors: grains, non-grains, food, minerals, and machinery and five regions/countries: Northeast Brazil, Brazil, Mercosul, Alca and the rest of the world. The simulations performed included: the reduction of trading barriers based on the Mercosul agenda, including the elimination of tariffs among Mercosul member countries and stipulation of common external tariffs; the formation of a free trade area of the Americas-Alca (i.e. no tariffs for goods imported from Nafta, Central America, Caribbean and rest of South America); and the maintenance of a uniform exchange rate overvaluation on a customs union scenario. Results indicate improved trade balance for Mercosul and changes in sectoral contributions to gross regional product, with loses for the mineral sector and gains for the machinery and the Northeast textile sectors. This pattern is strongest for the tariff reduction scenarios. In terms of exchange rate overvaluation the losers are agricultural export producers. It is shown that the Northeast non-agricultural sectors have higher opportunities with economic integration and so special emphasis should be given to textiles and cotton production through investment in training and technology.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T20:55:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1998Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 84303
Lift date: Forever
Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only149 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998
Ex-Ante Welfare Effects From Scale-Neutral Productivity Growth for Semi-Subsistence Orphan Crops: Genetically Modified Cassava in Sub-Sahara Africa
No full text222 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008.The results find that the estimation of production and home consumption elasticities of cassava producers may need to account for producers' self-selections on whether to be a seller and whether to sell at distant markets to correct the estimation bias. Conventional EDM may overestimate total welfare effects for GM cassava in Benin at significantly high probability, may lead to a point estimate of producers' welfare effects substantially different from that of an alternative model, and may slightly underestimate welfare gains for lower-income cassava producers. Policy makers in the least developed countries may be able to make more informed decisions on public investment in cassava by relying on both conventional and the alternative EDMs presented in this dissertation.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
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