44,372 research outputs found
Summer snow extent heralding of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation
No full text[1] Winter climate over the North Atlantic and European sector is modulated by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). We find that the summer extent of snow cover over northern North America and northern Eurasia is linked significantly (p < 0.01) to the upcoming winter NAO state. Summers with high/low snow extent precede winters of low/high NAO index phase. We suggest the linkage arises from the summer snow-associated formation of anomalous longitudinal differences in surface air temperature with the subpolar North Atlantic. Our findings indicate the seasonal predictability of North Atlantic winter climate may be higher and extend to longer leads than thought previously
AHC interview with Stephen Winter.
No full textOctober 26, 2017Bettina Winter (Stephen Winter's wife)0:20-5:45 Memories of growing up in Vienna5:46-6:55 First encounter with Nazis6:55-8:55; 1:46:33-1:47:42 Attending school in Vienna8:56-10:54; 1:47:45-1:49:38 Impact of the “Anschluss”10:55-17:38 Leaving Vienna by train to Pilsen, Czechoslovakia20:42-22:43 Receiving a visa for the US22:44-23:47 Jewish identity23:49-26:36 Staying in Czechoslovakia27:39-35:26 From Prague to Zurich 35:27-39:39 Traveling per train form Zurich to Genoa, Italy39:40-52:06; 1:52:10-1:52:59 Traveling on the ship Conte di Savoia via Cannes and Gibraltar to New York52:07-56:16 Staying with Mr. Baumberger in Reading, PA56:25-1:02:33 Pennsylvanian Dutch1:02:34-1:06:30 School in the US1:06:50-1:17:19; 1:26:24-1:28:32 Albright College1:17:20-1:26:23 Serving in the Army1:28:37-1:33:40 Columbia University and life in NYC1:34:57-1:37:35 Grandparents, Leopold and Rosa Heiss Winter; Samuel and Joesphine (née Spitz) Federmann1:37:37-1:38:45 Mother Anna Winter, née Federmann1:39:28-1:41:56; 1:44:39-1:46:28; 2:12:57-2:16:00 Religion1:41:59-1:44:37 Vienna’s 9th district1:49:39- 1:50:41; 1:54:27-2:02:02 Going back to Austria and visiting former apartment1:50:42-1:52:05 Attitude towards Zionism2:02:03-2:10:56 Relations to AustriaStephen (Stefan) S. Winter was born on February 27, 1926 in Vienna, Austria. He grew up with his parents (Max Winter and Anna née Federmann), his older sister and a nanny in an apartment building in Loeblichgasse 6, in Vienna’s ninth district. He attended Realgymnasium Schottenbastei until early summer 1938. He left Vienna in August 1938 for Pilsen, Czechoslovakia (today Plzeň, Czech Republic), where his uncle was living. Shortly after, his parents joined him in Czechoslovakia, where they lived with relatives for a few months. In January 1939 the family went via Prague and Zurich to Genoa and from there on the ship Conte de Savoia to New York. They arrived in early February and then headed to Reading, Pennsylvania, to live with a family named Baumberger, who had provided US visas for them. Stephen attended high school in Reading, and then went to Albright College. In September 1946 he was drafted into the army in Maryland and was discharged in 1947. Afterwards he got his bachelor's degree at Albright College and a PhD at Columbia University. In addition, he did Post Doc Studies at Harvard University and ultimately became professor and chairman at Tufts University.Austrian Heritage Collectio
Seasonal predictability of the winter NAO from north Atlantic sea surface temperatures
No full text[1] We examine the seasonal predictability of the winter (December-January-February) North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) from lagged north Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for the period 1950/1-2000/1. We identify two lagged modes of SST variability whose principal components (PCs) are correlated significantly to upcoming winter NAO indices. We use linear regression with the PCs as predictors to assess the predictability of the winter NAO from cross-validation over the full period and from replicated real-time forecasts over the recent 15 year period 1986/7-2000/1. The model anticipates, in early November, the upcoming winter NAO - for a range of NAO indices - with a correlation between 0.47 and 0.63 for 1950/ 1-2000/1, and between 0.51 and 0.65 for the replicated real-time forecast period. The model also anticipates the correct NAO sign in 67% to 75% of the last 51 winters and in 80% to 93% of the last 15 winters
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Winter Wheat in England and Wales, 1923-1995 : What do Indices of Genetic Diversity Reveal?
No full textGenealogical data have been used very widely to construct indices with which to examine the contribution of plant breeding programmes to the maintenance and enhancement of genetic resources. In this paper we use such indices to examine changes in the genetic diversity of the winter wheat crop in England and Wales between 1923 and 1995. We find that, except for one period characterized by the dominance of imported varieties, the genetic diversity of the winter wheat crop has been remarkably stable. This agrees with many studies of plant breeding programmes elsewhere. However, underlying the stability of the winter wheat crop is accelerating varietal turnover without any significant diversification of the genetic resources used. Moreover, the changes we observe are more directly attributable to changes in the varietal shares of the area under winter wheat than to the genealogical relationship between the varieties sown. We argue, therefore, that while genealogical indices reflect how well plant breeders have retained and exploited the resources with which they started, these indices suffer from a critical limitation. They do not reflect the proportion of the available range of genetic resources which has been effectively utilized in the breeding programme: complex crosses of a given set of varieties can yield high indices, and yet disguise the loss (or non-utilization) of a large proportion of the available genetic diversity
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Rushlight: Volume XLII, Winter Term 1897, No.2 (typewritten)
No full textWheaton College (Norton, MA) student literary magazine.A Morning with Professor Young (Essay)Course of Lectures of Astronomy (Report)Bara Jane's Piano (Essay)The Antigone of Sophocles (Essay)From my Window (Sketch)Calendar for Winter Term, 1896-7Seminary Notes (Seminary LIfe and Interests)Waiting (Poem)Reports of the New England Wheaton ClubReport of the New York, Wheaton Clu
Rushlight: Volume XL, Winter Term 1895, No.2 (typewritten)
No full textWheaton College (Norton, MA) student literary magazine.The Woods (Poem)A Rail-road Accident (Story)A Joke the Worked Both Ways (Story)Misfortune (Poem)"A Winter's night" (Poem)Chaucer as a Poet of Nature (Essay)ThemeA Night (Theme)Hebe (Theme)A FableMiss Maria (Story)Seminary Notes (Seminary Life and Interests)Wheaton Calendar-Winter Term-189
Small and medium-size enterprises in economic development : possiblities for research and policy
No full textThe World Bank's most important long-term advantage in promoting development, says the author, may lie in opportunities to address related obstacles simultaneously. It could mount concurrent efforts to address the problems of small and medium-size enterprises in a particular sector, region, or economy, for example. It could address the conditions of founding new firms, providing finance or technical assistance, developing mutual support institutions, resolving disputes, and perhaps reducing counterproductive government interventions. Were the Bank to follow such a coordinated approach, programs could be designed to generate data to illuminate the impacts and interactions of various elements of policy. These data could be exploited, then, in research designs, or even the design of management information systems, shaped by program evaluation. The author proposes four general issues for research (plus a series of topics for each issue). (1) Can Bank initiatives involving small and medium-size enterprises in developing countries facilitate the entry of these enterprises into similar learning relationships with other firms - foreign firms, larger firms in their own countries, or each other? (2) The economic significance of high"turbulence"(entry and exit rates) in small-firm populations is poorly understood. The fact of high turbulence is well-documented in industrial countries; it is not for developing countries, but available data suggest a broadly similar pattern. Are high failure rates for small businesses symptomatic of an important shortcoming in the system of economic organization itself? Or should the unit of analysis be the enterprise, the entrepreneur, or the entrepreneur's family? (3) Is the apparent trend favoring a larger economic role for smaller production units autonomous rather than induced by other changes? Does it depend on general operating factors such as the declining costs of communication and computation? (4) The rate of learning by a small firm may depend on the nature of its transacting partner. Certain multinational enterprises make good teachers, for example, but certain local labor markets or markets for consumer goods and services may not be well-positioned for relevant learning. They may learn well how to adjust to local circumstances but not to the international diffusion of technology and ways of organizing (the main source of hope for developing countries). Perhaps Bank policy should be more concerned with transaction patterns.General Technology,Environmental Economics&Policies,Decentralization,ICT Policy and Strategies,Small and Medium Size Enterprises,Environmental Economics&Policies,General Technology,Small and Medium Size Enterprises,ICT Policy and Strategies,Small Scale Enterprise
Rushlight: Volume XXXVIII, Winter Term 1894, No.2 (typewritten)
No full textWheaton College (Norton, MA) student literary magazine.Easter Lilies (Poem)The Morte d'Arthur and the Idyls of the King. A Comparison (Essay)Science Study in the lower Schools (Essay)Pussy-willows (Poem)Tarpeia (Story)Our Table (Sketch)The Morning Mail (Sketch)Does it pay? (Sketch)A Little Stocking (Sketch)The Little Sleeper (Sketch)The Pop-corn Man (Sketch)"Van Bibber and Others" by R.H Davis (Book Review)What the Maple-tree Saw (Poem)Upon the Beach (Poem)Calendar for Winter Term , 1894[Seminary Notes] (Seminary Life and Interests
Winter Extremes of Beryllium-7 Surface Concentrations in Northern Europe
No full textSpecific activity of cosmogenic 7Be in surface air generally shows a spring-summer maximum. However, extremely high 7Be concentrations in surface air also occur during winter. The aim of our analysis is to characterise temporal and spatial prevalence of winter extreme events, and to investigate the associated synoptic meteorological conditions in northern Europe. Four measurement sites, with an approximate weekly sampling rate over the 2001–2010 period, are selected from the online Radioactivity Environmental Monitoring (REM) Database. The extremes in the 7Be surface concentration are defined as measurements above the 90th percentile in each location.The results indicate that at each measurement site, 10–20 % of the extremes occur during winter (November, December, January and February). Two types of 7Be extremes are distinguished: 1) approximately half of these occurrences are isolated events detected in one or two stations,
and 2) the other half are events grouped within four months, when at least three 7Be extremes per month are observed. The monthly Scandinavia (SCAND) teleconnection index for isolated extreme events (type-1) is positive and, with only one exception, larger than 0.4, while in the case of type-2 events, the monthly SCAND is very high (larger than 1).This finding implies that in northern Europe during winter, the atmospheric conditions associated with a high SCAND index facilitate an occurrence of extreme 7Be surface concentration
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