48 research outputs found
A decision support tool for response to global change in marine systems : the IMBER-ADApT Framework
No full textAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Fish and Fisheries 17 (2016): 1183–1193, doi:10.1111/faf.12110.Global change is occurring now, often with consequences far beyond those anticipated. Although there is a wide range of assessment approaches available to address specific aspects of global change, there is currently no framework to identify what governance responses have worked and where, what has facilitated change, and what preventative options are possible. To respond to this need, we present an integrated assessment framework that builds on knowledge learned from past experience of responses to global change, to enable decision makers, researchers, managers and local stakeholders to: (1) make decisions efficiently; (2) triage and improve their responses; and (3) evaluate where to most effectively allocate resources to reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience of coastal peoples. This integrated assessment framework, IMBER-ADApT is intended to enable and enhance decision making through the development a typology of case studies providing lessons on how the natural, social and governance systems respond to the challenges of global change. The typology is developed from a database of case studies detailing the systems affected by change, responses to change and, critically, an appraisal of these responses, generating knowledge-based solutions that can be applied to other comparable situations. Fisheries, which suffer from multiple pressures, are the current focus of the proposed framework, but it could be applied to a wide range of global change issues. IMBER-ADApT has the potential to contribute to timely, cost-effective policy and governing decision making and responses. It offers cross-scale learning to help ameliorate, and eventually prevent, loss of livelihoods, food sources and habitat
The role of sand lances (Ammodytes sp.) in the Northwest Atlantic ecosystem: a synthesis of current knowledge with implications for conservation and management
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Staudinger, M. D., Goyert, H., Suca, J. J., Coleman, K., Welch, L., Llopiz, J. K., Wiley, D., Altman, I., Applegate, A., Auster, P., Baumann, H., Beaty, J., Boelke, D., Kaufman, L., Loring, P., Moxley, J., Paton, S., Powers, K., Richardson, D., Robbins, J., Runge, J., Smith, B., Spiegel, C., & Steinmetz, H. The role of sand lances (Ammodytes sp.) in the Northwest Atlantic ecosystem: a synthesis of current knowledge with implications for conservation and management. Fish and Fisheries, 00, (2020): 1-34, doi:10.1111/faf.12445.The American sand lance (Ammodytes americanus, Ammodytidae) and the Northern sand lance (A. dubius, Ammodytidae) are small forage fishes that play an important functional role in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (NWA). The NWA is a highly dynamic ecosystem currently facing increased risks from climate change, fishing and energy development. We need a better understanding of the biology, population dynamics and ecosystem role of Ammodytes to inform relevant management, climate adaptation and conservation efforts. To meet this need, we synthesized available data on the (a) life history, behaviour and distribution; (b) trophic ecology; (c) threats and vulnerabilities; and (d) ecosystem services role of Ammodytes in the NWA. Overall, 72 regional predators including 45 species of fishes, two squids, 16 seabirds and nine marine mammals were found to consume Ammodytes. Priority research needs identified during this effort include basic information on the patterns and drivers in abundance and distribution of Ammodytes, improved assessments of reproductive biology schedules and investigations of regional sensitivity and resilience to climate change, fishing and habitat disturbance. Food web studies are also needed to evaluate trophic linkages and to assess the consequences of inconsistent zooplankton prey and predator fields on energy flow within the NWA ecosystem. Synthesis results represent the first comprehensive assessment of Ammodytes in the NWA and are intended to inform new research and support regional ecosystem‐based management approaches.This manuscript is the result of follow‐up work stemming from a working group formed at a two‐day multidisciplinary and international workshop held at the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge, Massachusetts in May 2017, which convened 55 experts scientists, natural resource managers and conservation practitioners from 15 state, federal, academic and non‐governmental organizations with interest and expertise in Ammodytes ecology. Support for this effort was provided by USFWS, NOAA Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center (Award # G16AC00237), an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to J.J.S., a CINAR Fellow Award to J.K.L. under Cooperative Agreement NA14OAR4320158, NSF award OCE‐1325451 to J.K.L., NSF award OCE‐1459087 to J.A.R, a Regional Sea Grant award to H.B. (RNE16‐CTHCE‐l), a National Marine Sanctuary Foundation award to P.J.A. (18‐08‐B‐196) and grants from the Mudge Foundation. The contents of this paper are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New England Fishery Management Council and Mid‐Atlantic Fishery Management Council. This manuscript is submitted for publication with the understanding that the United States Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government
Influence of author's gender on the peer-review process in vision science
No full textAbstract: PURPOSE To investigate the gender gap in first/last authors in vision science and whether gender affects manuscript review times. DESIGN Observational retrospective database study. METHODS First/last author's gender and country were assigned to 30\u2009438 PubMed records (data derived from Q1-Q2 Ophthalmology journals for 2016\u20132020). Using mixed models, the influence of First Author Female (FAF) and Last Author Female (LAF) were evaluated on the manuscripts\u2019 review timeline. This analysis was performed globally and in predefined subgroups (English names, Asian names, specific topics). Additionally, the gender GAP was explored by country, journal, and research topics. RESULTS The percentages of FAF/LAF were unevenly distributed by country; in the top 30 ophthalmology journals, FAF accounted for 40.0%\ub16.7% of the publications whereas LAF accounted for 27.1%\ub14.9%. Overall, FAF/LAF papers underwent significantly longer times to be reviewed (up to +10 days) and accepted (+5 days). These differences persisted when only English names\u2014easily recognizable worldwide\u2014were considered, but not for Asian names. Delays >1 month to get published were found for FAF in 3 of 4 topics analyzed (eg, amblyopia). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were found in both review and acceptance times for FAF or LAF papers. The causes for this are likely multifactorial and could be explained by a combination of gender bias and by women's concerns with being held to higher standards, something that has been previously documented, thereby perhaps delaying the rebuttal to reviewers. Increased awareness of this source of potential bias may assist in the implementation of preventive and corrective measures
Drug Information Centre service analysis VI. - drug enquires on social media
No full textDrug Information Centre service analysis VI. Author: Magdaléna Dražanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction and aim: The Facebook website related to Mladí lékárníci, z. s., association was founded in 2010 and offers, among others, space for discussion of drug-related queries. The Drug Information Center (DIC) of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, and the University Hospital Hradec Králové (FaF UK and FN HK) was founded in 1994 and its main activity is the processing of drug enquiries from healthcare professionals. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the functioning of the Facebook website with a focus on drug-related queries and its comparison with DIC FaF UK and FN HK in 2021 and 2022. Methods: The posts with drug-related topics were separated from the other posts within the Facebook website. They were anonymized and sorted by the date of their publishing. Then, they were numbered according to the focus of the query and the group of the patient population. The categorization was created based on the DIC FaF UK and FN HK system. Special attention was paid to the covid-19, the so-called Ukrainian...Analýza činnosti Lékového informačního centra VI. Autor: Magdaléna Dražanová Školitel: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Konzultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Katedra sociální a klinické farmacie, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové, Univerzita Karlova, Česká republika Úvod a cíl práce: Facebooková stránka spolku Mladí lékárníci z.s., byla založena v roce 2010 a nabízí, mimo jiné, prostor k diskuzi farmakoterapeutických dotazů. Lékové informační centrum (LIC) Farmaceutické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Hradci Králové a Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové (FaF UK a FN HK) bylo založeno v roce 1994 a jeho stěžejní činností je zpracovávání lékových dotazů od zdravotnických pracovníků. Cílem práce byla analýza fungování facebookové stránky se zaměřením na farmakoterapeutické dotazy a její následné srovnání s LIC FaF UK a FN HK v letech 2021 a 2022. Metodika: Z příspěvků uveřejněných na facebookové stránce ve sledovaném období byly identifikovány farmakoterapeutické dotazy, které byly anonymizovány a řazeny dle data přidání. Následovala jejich kategorizace po vzoru LIC FaF UK a FN HK - dle typu populace a dle typu dotazu. Zvláštní pozornost byla věnována aktuálním tématům jako covid-19, tzv. ukrajinská krize a výpadky léčiv. Podobně byly analyzovány všechny dotazy řešené v LIC v zadaném období. Získaná...Katedra sociální a klinické farmacieDepartment of Social and Clinical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéFarmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králov
Drug Information Centre service analysis VI. - drug enquires on social media
No full textDrug Information Centre service analysis VI. Author: Magdaléna Dražanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction and aim: The Facebook website related to Mladí lékárníci, z. s., association was founded in 2010 and offers, among others, space for discussion of drug-related queries. The Drug Information Center (DIC) of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, and the University Hospital Hradec Králové (FaF UK and FN HK) was founded in 1994 and its main activity is the processing of drug enquiries from healthcare professionals. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the functioning of the Facebook website with a focus on drug-related queries and its comparison with DIC FaF UK and FN HK in 2021 and 2022. Methods: The posts with drug-related topics were separated from the other posts within the Facebook website. They were anonymized and sorted by the date of their publishing. Then, they were numbered according to the focus of the query and the group of the patient population. The categorization was created based on the DIC FaF UK and FN HK system. Special attention was paid to the covid-19, the so-called Ukrainian..
Drug Information Centre service analysis VI. - drug enquires on social media
No full textAnalýza činnosti Lékového informačního centra VI. Autor: Magdaléna Dražanová Školitel: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Konzultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Katedra sociální a klinické farmacie, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové, Univerzita Karlova, Česká republika Úvod a cíl práce: Facebooková stránka spolku Mladí lékárníci z.s., byla založena v roce 2010 a nabízí, mimo jiné, prostor k diskuzi farmakoterapeutických dotazů. Lékové informační centrum (LIC) Farmaceutické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Hradci Králové a Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové (FaF UK a FN HK) bylo založeno v roce 1994 a jeho stěžejní činností je zpracovávání lékových dotazů od zdravotnických pracovníků. Cílem práce byla analýza fungování facebookové stránky se zaměřením na farmakoterapeutické dotazy a její následné srovnání s LIC FaF UK a FN HK v letech 2021 a 2022. Metodika: Z příspěvků uveřejněných na facebookové stránce ve sledovaném období byly identifikovány farmakoterapeutické dotazy, které byly anonymizovány a řazeny dle data přidání. Následovala jejich kategorizace po vzoru LIC FaF UK a FN HK - dle typu populace a dle typu dotazu. Zvláštní pozornost byla věnována aktuálním tématům jako covid-19, tzv. ukrajinská krize a výpadky léčiv. Podobně byly analyzovány všechny dotazy řešené v LIC v zadaném období. Získaná...Drug Information Centre service analysis VI. Author: Magdaléna Dražanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction and aim: The Facebook website related to Mladí lékárníci, z. s., association was founded in 2010 and offers, among others, space for discussion of drug-related queries. The Drug Information Center (DIC) of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, and the University Hospital Hradec Králové (FaF UK and FN HK) was founded in 1994 and its main activity is the processing of drug enquiries from healthcare professionals. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the functioning of the Facebook website with a focus on drug-related queries and its comparison with DIC FaF UK and FN HK in 2021 and 2022. Methods: The posts with drug-related topics were separated from the other posts within the Facebook website. They were anonymized and sorted by the date of their publishing. Then, they were numbered according to the focus of the query and the group of the patient population. The categorization was created based on the DIC FaF UK and FN HK system. Special attention was paid to the covid-19, the so-called Ukrainian...Department of Social and Clinical PharmacyKatedra sociální a klinické farmacieFarmaceutická fakulta v Hradci KrálovéFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králov
Drug Information Centre service analysis VI. - drug enquires on social media
No full textDrug Information Centre service analysis VI. Author: Magdaléna Dražanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction and aim: The Facebook website related to Mladí lékárníci, z. s., association was founded in 2010 and offers, among others, space for discussion of drug-related queries. The Drug Information Center (DIC) of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, and the University Hospital Hradec Králové (FaF UK and FN HK) was founded in 1994 and its main activity is the processing of drug enquiries from healthcare professionals. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the functioning of the Facebook website with a focus on drug-related queries and its comparison with DIC FaF UK and FN HK in 2021 and 2022. Methods: The posts with drug-related topics were separated from the other posts within the Facebook website. They were anonymized and sorted by the date of their publishing. Then, they were numbered according to the focus of the query and the group of the patient population. The categorization was created based on the DIC FaF UK and FN HK system. Special attention was paid to the covid-19, the so-called Ukrainian..
Direct measurements of OH and other product yields from the HO<sub>2</sub> + CH<sub>3</sub>C(O)O<sub>2</sub> reaction
No full textPressure-dependent calibration of the OH and HO<sub>2</sub> channels of a FAGE HO<sub>x</sub> instrument using the Highly Instrumented Reactor for Atmospheric Chemistry (HIRAC)
No full textPilot Projects in Water Management
No full textPilot projects appear in many forms in policy making and management. In an effort to understand the nature and use of pilot projects and improve their effectiveness, we undertake a practice-based and theoretical study of the pilot project phenomenon. First, we examine the roles assigned to pilot projects in the policy development literature and explore their use in a Dutch water innovation platform. Second, we determine characteristics of pilot projects to deepen insights into the nature of the pilot project phenomenon and the dimensions useful in the design of pilot projects. Third, we identify three pilot types and nine ways to use a pilot project and we develop a Pilot Project Nonagon that can be used to assess pilot projects’ uses and to compare stakeholders’ perspectives on these uses. Fourth, we identify hurdles to diffusion of the knowledge developed from pilot projects and suggest strategies to overcome these. Lastly, we formulate a research agenda aimed at addressing the identified knowledge gaps.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen
