305 research outputs found
Qualitative Assessment
No full textHealth psychology is a rapidly expanding discipline at the interface of psychology and clinical medicine. This new edition is fully reworked and revised, offering an entirely up-to-date, comprehensive, accessible, one-stop resource for clinical psychologists, mental health professionals and specialists in health-related matters. There are two new editors: Susan Ayers from the University of Sussex and Kenneth Wallston from Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The prestigious editorial team and their international, interdisciplinary cast of authors have reconceptualised their much-acclaimed handbook. The book is now in two parts: part I covers psychological aspects of health and illness, assessments, interventions and healthcare practice. Part II covers medical matters listed in alphabetical order. Among the many new topics added are: diet and health, ethnicity and health, clinical inrterviewing, mood assessment, communicating risk, medical interviewing, diagnostic procedures, organ donation, IVF, MMR, HRT, sleep disorders, skin disorders, depression and anxiety disorders.
ContentsPart I. Psychology and Health and Illness; Part II. Medical Topics.
ContributorsLeif Edvard Aaro, Gail Williamson, David Shaffer, Elaine Leventhal, Angela Liegey Dougall, Stacie Spencer, Andrew Baum, Yael Benyamini, Howard Leventhal, Elaine Leventhal, Julie Turner-Cobb, Richard Boles, Michael Roberts, Margaret Stroebe, Henk Schut, Wolfgang Stroebe, Keith Petrie, Lisa Reynolds, Naomi Lester, Francis Keefe, Meredith Rumble, Jeffrey Labban, Colin Murray Parkes, Yael Benyamini, John Berry, David Sam, Suzanne Scott, Jane Ogden, Timothy Elliott, Laura Dreer, Richard Slatcher, James Pennebaker, Jim Maddux, Jane Ussher, Charles Abraham, Tim Carmody, Rachael Powell, Marie Johnston, Thomas Whelan, Willem Kop, David Krantz, Howard Leventhal, Yael Benyamini, Christina Shafer, Tirrill Harris, Christina Lee, R. Glynn Owens, Staffan Hygge, Dennis Turk,Tasha Burwinkle, Kenneth Wallston, Stephanie Stone, Robert McCrae, Neville Owen, Kym Spathonis, Eva Leslie, Irving Kirsch, Elizabeth Bachen, Sheldon Cohen, Anna Marsland, Christopher Bass, Lena Ring, Karen Kim, Harold Koenig, Baruch Fischhoff, Albert Bandura, Lorraine Sherr, Jason Ellis, Thomas Ashby Wills, Michael Ainette, Lion Shahab, Robert West, Ainsley Hardy, Susan Ayers, Andrew Steptoe, Elizabeth Broadbent, Keith Petrie, Stephen Sutton, Stanislav Kasl, Beth Jones, Erin Bigler, Linda Worrall, Ellen Skinner, Richard Rogers, Peggilee Wupperman, Ray Fitzpatrick, Mark Conner, Brian McMillan, Ann Bowling, Ad Kaptein, Elizabeth Broadbent, Robert Sternberg, Michele Tugade, Tamlin Conner, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Jane Powell, Melissa Lamar, Amir Raz, Nancy Chiaravalloti, Amanda O'Brian, John DeLuca, Sandra Waters, Kim Dixon, Lisa Caitlin Perri, Francis Keefe, Susan Eisen, Angela Liegey Dougall, Felicity Bishop, Lucy Yardley, Ann Bowling, Brian Lakey, Jay Cohen, Gerald Davison, Raymond Gaeta, Carl Noe, Robert Gatchel, Andrew Eagle, Michael Worrell, Deborah Polk, Christie King, Kenneth Heller, Robert Bor, John Allen, Peter Hajek, Gerjo Kok, Michael Heap, Janet Tresure, Esther Maissie, Barbara Wilson, Stephen Morley, Michael Ussher, Jo-anne Carlyle, Jennifer Morse, Charles Reynolds, Michael Bruch, Kathleen Mulligan, Stan Newman, Benjamin Gottlieb, Dianne Kenny, Paul Estabrooks, Russell Glasgow, Rob Horne, Hannah McGee, Katherine Joekes, Christina Maslach, David French, Theresa Marteau, Rudolph Moos, Jeanne Schaefer, Bernice Moos, John Weinman, Robin Fiore, Hugh Barr, Clare Harries, Peter Ayton, Jonathon Silverman, Peter Bower, Nicki Mead, Maria Woloshynowych, Charles Vincent, Ray Fitzpatrick, Valerie Sutherland, Patricia Loft, Geraldine Meechan, Keith Petrie, Anne Miles, Katharine Parkes, Chris McManus, Claus Vogele, Angela Hall, Jane Kidd, Lorraine Noble, Pauline Slade, Robert Frank, Andrea, Lee Stephen Kellett, Michael Sayette, Mary Gregerson, Barbara Wilson, Narinder Kapur, Ronald Melzack, Joel Katz, Kirstie McKenzie-McHarg, Rachel Rowe, Ad Kaptein K. F. Rabe, Amanda C de C Williams, Linda Pring, Sarah Amponsah, Anthony Manstead, Claire Phillips, Alice Simon, Katie Robb, Sharon Manne, Barbara Andersen, Laura Simonelli, Kristen Carpenter, Gerry Humphris, Jennifer Devlen, Janelle Wagner, Ronald Brown, Angela Dougall, Stephen Lepore, Katherine Roberts, Ron Borland, Suzanne Dobbinson, Jan Stygall, Stan Newman, Kevin Browne, Catherine Hamilton-giachritsis, Jeremy Turk, Ruth Cairns, Trudie Chalder, Matthew Speltz, Anna Marsland, Sheldon Cohen, Elizabeth Bachen, Felicity Bishop, George Lewith, Paul Bennett, Beth Alder, Robert Allan, Stephen Scheidt, Christopher Smith, Kathleen Mulligan, Stan Newman, Bob Lewin, Jan Stygall, Stan Newman, Claire Glasscoe, Laurence McKenna, David Scott, Jenny Rusted, Alison Woodcock, Clare Bradley, Irene Frieze, Maureen McHugh, Heather Ashton, Sari Schwartz, David Krantz, Andrew Scholey, Andy Parrott, David Kennedy, Christine Temple, Eric Stice, Heather Shaw, David Horne, Elizabeth Ann Coombes, Eric Storch, Gary Geffken, Martin Herbert, Graham Scambler, Rona Moss-Morris, Meagan Spence, Nichola Rumsey, Peter Hepper, James Dornan, Dan McKenna, P
Women's life writing 1760-1830 : spiritual selves, sexual characters, and revolutionary subjects
No full textPhDThis thesis uses print and manuscript sources to analyse and interpret women's life
writing at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries. I
explore printed works by Catharine Phillips, Mary Dudley, Priscilla Hannah Gurney,
Ann Freeman, Elizabeth Steele, Mary Robinson, Helen Maria Williams, Mary
Wollstonecraft, Grace Dalrymple Elliott, and Charlotte West and discuss the
manuscripts of Mary Fletcher, Mary Tooth, Sarah Ryan, and Elizabeth Fox. Of these
sources, five have never been analysed in the critical literature and six have received
little attention. Considered as a group, this large corpus of texts offers new insights
into the personal and political implications of different models of female selfhood and
social being.
In chapter one, I compare the religious identities presented in the spiritual
autobiographies of Quakers and Methodists. For these women, religious identification
provides a powerful sense of social belonging and enables public participation.
However, it may also lead to a loss of self in the demand for religious conformity and
self-abnegation. In chapter two, I consider the life writing of late eighteenth-century
courtesans. These women adapt available models of femininity and female authorship
in order to establish themselves as socially connected subjects. However, their
narratives also reveal that dependence on the sexual and literary marketplace puts
female selfhood under pressure. In chapter three, I explore the eyewitness accounts of
British women in the French Revolution. I argue that, for these writers, connecting
personal identity to political history is an enabling source of self-definition but it also
exposes them to the risks of self-fragmentation.
In my focus on the social function of women's life writing, I present an alternative to
the traditional alignment of the eighteenth-century autobiographical subject with the
autonomous self of individualism. These narratives allow us to reconsider the
productive and problematic dialectic between personal expression and representative
selfhood, self-authorship and collective narratives, and individualism and social
being. They suggest that women's life writing has the potential to be both the self-expression
of a unique heroine and the self-inscription of a politicised subject
Now you see it, now you don’t - frequency distribution of articulatory information reflected in speech face motion
No full textAlthough the increase in intelligibility of spoken language when watching the speaker’s face is well documented, the characteristics and the distribution of phonetic information over the frequency range of visual speech remain largely unknown. For this study face motion and tongue movements were measured simultaneously for three speakers of American English. The motion signals were subjected to a multiresolution analysis using spline wavelets and partial least squares regression was applied to estimate tongue movements from face motion. The amount of recovered variance was found to be small (below 30%) compared to previous studies and more pronounced in the lower frequencies
Health economic evaluation using Markov models in R for microsoft excel users: a tutorial
Get PDFA health economic evaluation (HEE) is a comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both costs and consequences. A cost-effectiveness analysis is a type of HEE that compares an intervention to one or more alternatives by estimating how much it costs to gain an additional unit of health outcome. Cost-effectiveness analyses are commonly performed using Microsoft (MS) Excel. However, there is current interest in using other software that is better suited to more complex problems, methods, and data, as well as improved reproducibility and transparency. That is, it is increasingly important to be able to repeat an analysis of a particular data set and obtain the same results, and access the analysis and results in a clear and comprehensive openly available form. In this tutorial we provide a step-by-step guide on how to implement a mainstay model of HEE, namely a Markov model, in the statistical programming language R. The adoption of R for the purpose of cost-effectiveness analysis is highly dependent on the ability of the health economic modeller to understand, learn, and apply programming-type skills. R is likely to be less familiar than MS Excel for many modellers and so coding a cost-effectiveness model in R can be a large jump. We describe the technical details from the perspective of a MS Excel user to help bridge the gap between software and reduce the learning curve by providing for the first-time side-by-side comparisons of the Markov model example in MS Excel and R
Extensions of health economic evaluations in R for Microsoft Excel users: a tutorial for incorporating heterogeneity and conducting value of information analyses
Get PDFAdvanced health economic analysis techniques currently performed in Microsoft Excel, such as incorporating heterogeneity, time-dependent transitions and a value of information analysis, can be easily transferred to R. Often the outputs of survival analyses (such as Weibull regression models) will estimate the impacts of correlated patient characteristics on patient outcomes, and are utilised directly as inputs for health economic decision models. This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide of how to conduct such analyses with a Markov model developed in R, and offers a comparison with established analyses performed in Microsoft Excel. This is done through the conversion of a previously published Microsoft Excel case study of a hip replacement surgery cost-effectiveness model. We hope that this paper can act as a facilitator in switching decision models from Microsoft Excel to R for complex health economic analyses, providing open-access code and data, suitable for future adaptation
Using passive and active acoustic methods for impact damage assessment of composite structures
No full textThis study aims to use the passive and active acoustic-based health monitoring methods for impact damage assessment of composite structures. To this aim, a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composite plate was fabricated and subjected to a simulated low-velocity impact by performing repeated quasi-static indentation tests where a loading-unloading-reloading test profile with 5 repetitions was adopted. Two Acoustic Emission (AE) broadband sensors and a network of eight piezoelectric (PZT) sensors were attached on the composite plate surface. AE (passive method) was employed during the loading and reloading phases of the indentation tests to online monitor the critical damage occurrence and also specify the damage type while scanning of the plate with Lamb waves (active method) was done to localize the damage when the structure was unloaded. Felicity Ratio (FR) index which was calculated based on the AE data could accurately detect that critical damage occurred during the 5th loading-unloading-reloading stage when the structural integrity dropped to 60% of its initial stage. Furthermore, Lamb wave signals of central frequency 150 kHz localized the impact damage with error of 0.89 cm (3.6% error respect to the shortest dimension of the scanned area).Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Structural Integrity & Composite
SAM-Melt_EA v5.0 (R Code)
No full textOverviewThe notebooks in this repository contain R code that has been used to investigate the influence of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on surface melt in East Antarctica.This work has been undertaken as part of my PhD with MISI and SAEF at Monash University, where I am supervised by Prof. Andrew Mackintosh, Dr. Felicity McCormack, and Dr. Richard Jones. The work has also been supported by co-author Dr. Christiaan van Dalum (IMAU, Utrecht University).This project uses output from the RACMO2.3p3 regional climate model to identify spatiotemporal variability in the SAM-Melt relationship, and to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the relationship. An accompanying manuscript is currently under review for publication.Code & InstructionsThis project uses the R programming language and was written using RStudio, on both Windows 10 and MacOS 14.1. It uses the renv package to help with portability / replicability.The code here can also be found on GitHub in the SAM-Melt_EA repository, and is tagged as Version v5.0. See the "README.md" file on GitHub for more information about the project and the repository set-up, plus where to download the necessary raw data. In particular, it is necessary to download the RACMO2.3p3 data, available online at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639053.NOTE: This version of the code (v5.0) makes some minor changes to the formatting of the v4.1 figures following the first stage of the peer review process, and includes more comments and notes in the code.Note: In addition to standard R packages from CRAN, it will be necessary to install 5 packages from my GitHub page. These packages (and the version used in this project) are:polarcm (v0.1.3) eases use of output from the polar regional climate models RACMO and MARterrapin (v0.1.1) spinoff from terra that eases handling dates for spatial datafiguR (v0.1.2) for easy-to-customise figureskulaR (v0.1.5) a wrapper around khroma to ease colour management in plotsdomR (v0.1.5) functions for easing how I approach a project with R</p
The resurgence of breastfeeding, 1975–2000
No full textAs breast-milk substitutes became increasingly sophisticated and heavily marketed in the mid-twentieth century, bottle-feeding became regarded worldwide as safe, convenient, normal and even preferable to breastfeeding. From 1975, research conducted in the developing world, particularly Gambia, began to converge with work on immunology and child psychology to reassert the value of mothers’ own milk. At the same time, growing understanding of physiology, reproductive and developmental biology shifted interest from the composition of infant formulae to the biology of infant feeding. Insights from comparative zoology, dairy science and animal husbandry, shared with research in human lactation and ‘naturalization’ of childbirth all helped to de-medicalize infant feeding. Chaired by Professor Lawrence Weaver, this Witness Seminar was attended by representatives from women’s groups, pressure groups and international organizations, including Baby Milk Action, IBFAN, La Leche League, the National Childbirth Trust, WHO and UNICEF, as well as paediatricians, obstetricians, physiologists, nutritional scientists, zoologists, psychologists and members of industry. The discussion addressed the critical events, scientific advances, and social and political steps that drove the resurgence of breastfeeding, focusing not only on the nutritional science but also on the social context in which the changes took place. Participants included: Mr James Akre, Professor Elizabeth Alder, Mrs Phyll Buchanan, Professor Forrester Cockburn, Ms Rosie Dodds, Mrs Jill Dye, Professor Fiona Dykes, Ms Hilary English, Miss Chloe Fisher, Professor Anna Glasier, Professor Lars Hanson, Dr Elisabet Helsing, Dr Edmund Hey, Professor Peter Howie, Professor Alan McNeilly, Professor Kim Michaelsen, Mrs Rachel O’Leary, Ms Gabrielle Palmer, Professor Malcolm Peaker, Dr Ann Prentice,Professor Mary Renfrew, Mrs Patti Rundall, Ms Ellena Salariya, Dr Felicity Savage, Professor Roger Short, Dr Mary Smale, Dr Alison Spiro, Dr Penny Stanway, Dr Tilli Tansey, Mrs Jenny Warren, Mr John Wells, Professor Brian Wharton, Professor Roger Whitehead, Dr Anthony Williams, Miss Carol Williams and Dr Michael Woolridge
SAM-Melt_EA - R Code used in Saunderson et al. (2023; GRL Submission)
No full textOverviewThe notebooks in this repository contain R code that has been used to investigate the influence of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on surface melt in East Antarctica.This work has been undertaken as part of my PhD with the Monash Ice Sheet Initiative and SAEF at Monash University, where I am supervised by Prof. Andrew Mackintosh, Dr. Felicity McCormack, and Dr. Richard Jones. An accompanying manuscript has been submitted to the Geophysical Research Letters journal.Code & InstructionsThis project uses the R programming language and was written using RStudio, on both Windows 10 and MacOS 12.6.3. It uses the renv package to help with portability / replicability.The code here can also be found on GitHub in the SAM-Melt_EA repository, and is tagged as version v4.0. See the README.md file there for more information about the project and the repository set-up, plus where to download the necessary raw data. In particular, it is necessary to download the RACMO2.3p3 data, provided by co-author Christiaan van Dalum, and available online at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639053.Note: In addition to standard R packages from CRAN, it will be necessary to install 5 packages from my GitHub page. These packages (and the version used in this project) are:polarcm (v0.1.3) eases use of output from the polar regional climate models RACMO and MARterrapin (v0.1.1) spinoff from terra that eases handling dates of spatial datafiguR (v0.1.2) for easily customisable figureskulaR (v0.1.5) a wrapper around khroma to ease colour management in plotsdomR (v0.1.5) functions for easing how I approach a project with R</ul
Prehabilitation and General Management
No full textLiver transplant (LT) offers the only durable hope for cure in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). The LT wait-list time period provides an opportunity to deliver prehabilitation and improve physical fitness, in parallel to optimizing the more established complications, which include encephalopathy, ascites, varices, infection, anemia, diabetes, and renal impairment. Prehabilitation requires a multidisciplinary team approach in order to optimize nutrition, exercise, lifestyle, pharmacotherapy, mental health, and well-being. Exercise is different from physical activity, as it is planned and performed on a repeated basis over an extended period of time for the specific purposes of improving physical fitness, performance, and overall health. The application of exercise training in patients awaiting LT has previously lagged behind other forms of solid organ transplantation. ESLD is not only accompanied by physical frailty and functional dependence, but also emotional, cognitive, and social changes, requiring extensive psychologic adjustments and coping skills.</p
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