2,465 research outputs found
Data from: Recording and reproducing the diurnal oviposition rhythms of wild populations of the soft- and stone- fruit pest Drosophila suzukii
No full textOviposition dataData collected from all oviposition assays. This file includes both field and laboratory collected data under various conditions. Excel was used to generate this file.OvipositionData.xlsxLocomotionDataActivity counts of locomotion. Originally recorded in MatLab and Clocklab and exported to an excel file.,Drosophila suzukii is a horticultural pest on a global scale which causes both yield and economic losses on a range of soft- and stone-fruit. Tackling this pest is problematic but exploiting behavioural rhythms could increase the impact of control. To do this, a better understanding of behavioural patterns is needed. Within this study we aimed to investigate rhythms in reproductive behaviour of wild D. suzukii under natural conditions in the field. Environmental parameters were also recorded to decipher how they influence these rhythms. Assays were then performed on laboratory cultures, housed under artificial conditions mimicking the temperature and light cycles, to see if these patterns were reproducible and rhythmic. We were able to promote field like oviposition patterns within the laboratory using realistic temperature and light cycles regardless of variations in other factors including substrate, humidity, and lighting type. Locomotion activity was also recorded under these mimicked conditions to identify how this behaviour interacts with oviposition rhythms. Both our field and laboratory assays show that oviposition behaviour is likely under the control of the circadian clock and primarily occurs during the day. However, consistent with prior reports we observed that these patterns become crepuscular when day-time temperature peaks exceeded 30°C. This was also found within locomotion rhythms. With an increased understanding of how these behaviours are influenced by environmental conditions, we highlight the importance of using realistic temperature and light cycles when investigating behavioural patterns. From an increased understanding of D. suzukii behaviour we increase our ability to target the pest in the field.</span
Behaviour and Reproduction of Drosophila Melanogaster Exposed to 3.5 GHz Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields - Underlying data
No full textOverview
This dataset contains segmented STL 3D models, TIFF imaging data, and visualisations of the Drosophila (fruit fly) scan used in this study </span
Dataset in support of the thesis 'Light-Mediated Switching of Circadian Pacemaker Function Across the Neural Clock Circuit of Drosophila'
No full textDataset in support of the thesis 'Light-Mediated Switching of Circadian Pacemaker Function Across the Neural Clock Circuit of Drosophila'</span
Selective entrainment of the Drosophila circadian clock to daily gradients in environmental temperature
No full textThe present study systematically examined the entrainment of clock-controlled behavior to daily environmental temperature gradients. As a result, a number of key properties of circadian temperature entrainment were identified. Collectively, these properties represent a circadian temperature entrainment mechanism that is optimized in its ability to detect the time-of-day information encoded in natural environmental temperature profiles. The molecular events synchronized to the daily phases of ascending and descending temperature are expected to play an important role in the mechanism of circadian entrainment to daily temperature cycles
Supplemental_Figure_S1_300dpi_1 – Supplemental material for Control of Daily Locomotor Activity Patterns in Drosophila suzukii by the Circadian Clock, Light, Temperature and Social Interactions
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental_Figure_S1_300dpi_1 for Control of Daily Locomotor Activity Patterns in Drosophila suzukii by the Circadian Clock, Light, Temperature and Social Interactions by Bethan Shaw, Michelle Fountain and Herman Wijnen in Journal of Biological Rhythms</p
Data from: Temperature-dependent resetting of the molecular circadian oscillator in Drosophila.
No full textCircadian clocks responsible for daily time keeping in a wide range of organisms synchronize to daily temperature cycles via pathways that remain poorly understood. To address this problem from the perspective of the molecular oscillator, we monitored temperature-dependent resetting of four of its core components in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster: the transcripts and proteins for the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). The molecular circadian cycle in adult heads exhibited parallel responses to temperature-mediated resetting at the levels of per transcript, tim transcript and TIM protein. Early phase adjustment specific to per transcript rhythms was explained by clock-independent temperature-driven transcription of per. The cold-induced expression of Drosophila per contrasts with the previously reported heat-induced regulation of mammalian Period 2. An altered and more readily re-entrainable temperature-synchronized circadian oscillator that featured temperature-driven per transcript rhythms and phase-shifted TIM and PER protein rhythms was found for flies of the 'Tim 4' genotype, which lacked daily tim transcript oscillations but maintained post-transcriptional temperature entrainment of tim expression. The accelerated molecular and behavioural temperature entrainment observed for Tim 4 flies indicates that clock-controlled tim expression constrains the rate of temperature cycle-mediated circadian resetting.</span
Recording and reproducing the diurnal oviposition rhythms of wild populations of the soft- and stone- fruit pest <i>Drosophila suzukii</i>
No full textDrosophila suzukii is a horticultural pest on a global scale which causes both yield and economic losses on a range of soft- and stone-fruit. Tackling this pest is problematic but exploiting behavioural rhythms could increase the impact of control. To do this, a better understanding of behavioural patterns is needed. Within this study we aimed to investigate rhythms in reproductive behaviour of wild D. suzukii under natural conditions in the field. Environmental parameters were also recorded to decipher how they influence these rhythms. Assays were then performed on laboratory cultures, housed under artificial conditions mimicking the temperature and light cycles, to see if these patterns were reproducible and rhythmic. We were able to promote field like oviposition patterns within the laboratory using realistic temperature and light cycles regardless of variations in other factors including substrate, humidity, and lighting type. Locomotion activity was also recorded under these mimicked conditions to identify how this behaviour interacts with oviposition rhythms. Both our field and laboratory assays show that oviposition behaviour is likely under the control of the circadian clock and primarily occurs during the day, but these patterns will be disrupted by unfavourable temperature conditions. This was also found within locomotion rhythms. With an increased understanding of how these behaviours are influenced by environmental conditions, we highlight the importance of using realistic temperature and light cycles when investigating behavioural patterns. From an increased understanding of D. suzukii behaviour we increase our ability to target the pest in the field
Temperature-dependent resetting of the molecular circadian oscillator in Drosophila
No full textCircadian clocks responsible for daily time keeping in a wide range of organisms synchronize to daily temperature cycles via pathways that remain poorly understood. To address this problem from the perspective of the molecular oscillator, we monitored temperature-dependent resetting of four of its core components in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster: the transcripts and proteins for the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). The molecular circadian cycle in adult heads exhibited parallel responses to temperature-mediated resetting at the levels of per transcript, tim transcript and TIM protein. Early phase adjustment specific to per transcript rhythms was explained by clock-independent temperature-driven transcription of per. The cold-induced expression of Drosophila per contrasts with the previously reported heat-induced regulation of mammalian Period 2. An altered and more readily re-entrainable temperature-synchronized circadian oscillator that featured temperature-driven per transcript rhythms and phase-shifted TIM and PER protein rhythms was found for flies of the 'Tim 4' genotype, which lacked daily tim transcript oscillations but maintained post-transcriptional temperature entrainment of tim expression. The accelerated molecular and behavioural temperature entrainment observed for Tim 4 flies indicates that clock-controlled tim expression constrains the rate of temperature cycle-mediated circadian resettin
Control of daily locomotor activity patterns in Drosophila suzukii by the circadian clock, light, temperature and social interactions
No full textUnderstanding behavioural rhythms in a pest species can contribute to improving the efficacy of control methods targeting that pest. However, in some species the behavioural patterns recorded in artificial conditions contrast greatly with observed ‘wild-type’ behavioural rhythms. In this study we identify the determinants of daily activity rhythms of the soft and stone fruit pest Drosophila suzukii. The impact of gender, space, social housing, temperature, light, fly morph and the circadian clock on D. suzukii locomotor rhythms were investigated. Assays were performed under artificial laboratory conditions or more natural semi-field conditions to identify how these factors impacted daily locomotor behaviour. Daily locomotor activity patterns collected under semi-field conditions varied very little between the various sex and social condition combinations. However, in lab-based assays, individual and group-housed males often exhibited divergent activity patterns with more prominent hyperactivity at light/dark transitions. In contrast, hyperactivity responses were suppressed under lab protocols mimicking summer conditions for groups of females and mixed sex groups. Moreover, when environmental cues were removed, flies held in groups displayed stronger rhythmicity than individual flies. Thus, social interactions can reinforce circadian behaviour and resist hyperactivity responses in D. suzukii. Fly morph appeared to have little impact on behavioural pattern, with winter and summer morph flies displaying similar activity profiles under ‘April’ semi-field and laboratory mimic environmental conditions. In conclusion, separate and combined impacts of light, temperature, circadian clock function and social interactions were apparent in the daily activity profiles of D. suzukii. When groups of female or mixed sex flies were used, implementation of matching photoperiods and realistic daily temperature gradients in the lab was sufficient to recreate behavioural patterns observed in summer semi-field settings. The ability to leverage lab assays to predict D. suzukii field behaviour promises to be a valuable asset in improving control measures for this pest
Adult Circadian behavior in Drosophila requires developmental expression of cycle, but not period
No full textCircadian clocks have evolved as internal time keeping mechanisms that allow anticipation of daily environmental changes and organization of a daily program of physiological and behavioral rhythms. To better examine the mechanisms underlying circadian clocks in animals and to ask whether clock gene expression and function during development affected subsequent daily time keeping in the adult, we used the genetic tools available in Drosophila to conditionally manipulate the function of the CYCLE component of the positive regulator CLOCK/CYCLE (CLK/CYC) or its negative feedback inhibitor PERIOD (PER). Differential manipulation of clock function during development and in adulthood indicated that there is no developmental requirement for either a running clock mechanism or expression of per. However, conditional suppression of CLK/CYC activity either via per over-expression or cyc depletion during metamorphosis resulted in persistent arrhythmic behavior in the adult. Two distinct mechanisms were identified that may contribute to this developmental function of CLK/CYC and both involve the ventral lateral clock neurons (LNvs) that are crucial to circadian control of locomotor behavior: (1) selective depletion of cyc expression in the LNvs resulted in abnormal peptidergic small-LNv dorsal projections, and (2) PER expression rhythms in the adult LNvs appeared to be affected by developmental inhibition of CLK/CYC activity. Given the conservation of clock genes and circuits among animals, this study provides a rationale for investigating a possible similar developmental role of the homologous mammalian CLOCK/BMAL1 complex
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