31,570 research outputs found
Paleosisyra electrobaltica Wichard, Grohn & Seredszus 2009
No full textPaleosisyra electrobaltica Wichard, Gröhn & Seredszus, 2009 Figs. 3–4 Holotype. Female, embedded in Eocene Baltic amber amber, deposited in the Geologisch-Paläontologisches Museum of the University of Hamburg, Inv.-No.: GPIMH 4522 (ex coll. Gröhn 6997). Additional description. Paleosisyra electrobaltica Wichard et al., 2009 was described on base of a female and is now re-described in consideration of the male genitalia of two new male specimens, described as: Paratype 1: Male, embedded in Eocene Baltic amber, deposited in coll. W. Wichard, well preserved, in lateral view male genitalia partially covered with a white reflecting air film (verlumt). Paratype 2: Male, embedded in Eocene Baltic amber, deposited in coll. T. Weiterschan, coll-no. 1380, well preserved, male genitalia in lateral view. Diagnosis. Paleosisyra electrobaltica Wichard et al., 2009 comes with the traits of the genus Paleosisyra and differs from P. m i no r n. sp. by the coxopodits which are elongate and digitiform, slightly curved ventrad. Compared with the description of the “long” coxopodits of P. eocenica Nel et al., 2003 the elongate and digitiform coxopodits of P. electrobaltica do not currently allow a significant differentiation. In the forewing of P. electrobaltica RP is 4-branched. The apical cross-veins are arranged in a more or less aligned outer gradate series. CuA is running to the wing margin with 5-6 terminal branches and finally a terminal fork. In the hindwing the sinusoid cross-vein rpma-mp originates basally from MP and enters RP+MA apically close to the dichotomous branch. The residual distance to the dichotomous branch is a little longer than in P. eocenica and P. minor and distinctly shorter than in the Cretaceous Prosisyrina sukachevae. Description. Head (Fig. 3 a, 4a): Antenna filamentous, about two-thirds of the length of the forewings. Scapus distinctly larger than the other segments; pedicellus smaller, basally narrow and distally globular. The following 36 flagellomeres slightly longer than wide and approximately cylindrical. Maxillary palp 5-segmented, with first, second and fourth segments shorter than the third; terminal segment triangular in dorsal view, twice as long as the third, broadest at base, narrowed and tapered at apex. Labial palps with third terminal segment enlarged, flattened, triangle shaped, the second segment smaller than the terminal and the narrow first segments. Forewing (Fig. 3 b): Length 4.5 (male)–5 (female) mm; membrane hyaline; costal area widened, costal crossveins all simple, about 29 cross-veins before the apical fusion between Sc and RA; subcostal area between Sc and RA with a basal cross-vein, sc-ra, below the bifurcation of RA and RP+MA; then followed by the separating of RP+MA in RP and MA. RP is 4-branched, RP4, RP3, RP2 and RP1 separating in a row from RP, all branches apically with short terminal forks. MA simple, divided apically into several terminal branches; MP forking midway into two branches MP1+2 and MP3+4, both divided apically into short terminal branches. CuA and CuP separated at wing base; CuA running to margin with 5-6 terminal branches and a terminal fork; CuP simple. Anal veins (1A, 2A, 3A) all simple and ending in short terminal forks at wing margin. Forewing with basal (sc-ra), inner, middle and outer cross-vein gradate series. It is noteworthy that the wing venation is highly variable, in particular the cross-veins vary in presence and location and e.g. MP is incomplete on the right forewing of the female holotype (Fig. 3 b). Hindwing (Fig. 4 a): Length about 3.8 mm (male); membrane hyaline. Costal cross-veins simple and numerous before the apical fusion of Sc and RA; subcostal area between Sc and RA with basal cross-vein sc-ra. At wing base the stem of R is hypothetically fused with MA along a short distance; following the dichotomous branch with RA and RP+MA. Sinusoid cross-vein rpma-mp originating basally of MP and entering apically RP+MA, thereafter MA separating from RP. RP is 3-branched; RP3 and RP1+2 separating in a row from RP; RP1+2 dichotomously branched into RP1 and RP2, all branches apically with short terminal forks. MA and MP simple, divided apically into several terminal branches. CuA with terminal branches, CuP simple. Anal veins (1A, 2A, 3A) simple, running separately to anal margin. Apical cross-veins forming an outer gradate series. Male genitalia (Fig. 4 b, c): The outer genital structures are poorly preserved, partially covered by a white film (verlumt). The dorsal ectoproct (e) bulblike in lateral view. Gonocoxite (gx9) elongate, digitiform, at apex rounded, slightly curved medioventrad. Ninth sternite (S9) slightly sclerotized and slightly pre-bulged, in lateral view. Outer male genitalia loosely hairy; setae at ninth sternite longer than setae at ectoproct and gonocoxite. Female genitalia: Tenth tergite dorsally forming a small and sclerotized ectoproct. Ninth tergit, in lateral view, bulky and rounded, at its base broad, apically slightly tapered, bearing the gonapophysis lateralis, which is elongate and at apex pointed, strongly curved dorsad. Ventrally the subgenital plate formed by two parallel slim plates.Published as part of Wichard, Wilfried, Wedmann, Sonja & Weiterschan, Thomas, 2016, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) in Baltic amber, pp. 117-125 in Zootaxa 4158 (1) on pages 121-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25837
FIGURE 1. Paleosisyra minor n in Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) in Baltic amber
No full textFIGURE 1. Paleosisyra minor n. sp. (holotype, deposited in the Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, coll-no. SMF Be 2519). a—male in dorsal view; right forewing apically distored, left forewing length 3.5 mm. b—left forewing, scale bar = 1 mm, labelling see material and methods.Published as part of Wichard, Wilfried, Wedmann, Sonja & Weiterschan, Thomas, 2016, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) in Baltic amber, pp. 117-125 in Zootaxa 4158 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25837
Thomas Grisell letter to Thomas Rotch, 2nd mo 19th 1823
No full textThomas Grisell's letter reached the Rotch household several months before the unexpected death of Thomas Rotch in August, 1823. This is the last letter of the series and presumably the author learned of his friend's death before another letter was penned. 7.95" x 10" (20.2 by 25.5 cm
Paleosisyra
No full textKey to the species in the genus Paleosisyra 1 In forewing radius posterior 3-branched......................................................... P. minor n. sp. - In forewing radius posterior 4-branched................................................................... 2 2 In male genitalia ectoproct bulbous, coxopodite digitiform, curved ventrad............................ P. electrobaltica - In male genitalia ectoproct broader than long, coxopodite long, straight................................... P. eocenicaPublished as part of Wichard, Wilfried, Wedmann, Sonja & Weiterschan, Thomas, 2016, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) in Baltic amber, pp. 117-125 in Zootaxa 4158 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25837
Failed Censures: Ecclesiastical Regulation of Women’s Clothing in Late Medieval Italy
No full textChurchmen in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries tried to regulate the costume of Italian women. These efforts failed, and regulation was largely left thereafter to civic authorities.The published version was published as Chapter 3 in Medieval Clothing and Textiles 5Izbicki, Thomas M. (2009), "Failed Censures: Ecclesiastical Regulation of Women’s Clothing in Late Medieval Italy" in Netherton, Robin and Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds., Medieval Clothing and Textiles 5 (Boydell Press), 37-53ISBN: 9781843834519 (published book)Peer reviewe
Paleosisyra minor Wichard, Wedmann & Weiterschan, 2016, n. sp.
No full textPaleosisyra minor n. sp. Figs. 1–2 Holotype. Male, deposited in the Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, coll-no. SMF Be 2519 (ex coll. Weiterschan no. 1551). The specimen is embedded in a very small piece of amber; it is well preserved, in dorsal view the hindwings are largely covered by the forewings, in ventral view the right fore- and hindwing are distorted and partially covered by thin air films; male genitalia are poorly preserved. Etymology. The species minor (latin: small) is named after its small size (forewing length 3.5 mm), smaller than P. electrobaltica (forewing length 4–5 mm) and P. eocenica (forewing length 5.2 mm) Diagnosis. Paleosisyra minor n. sp. comes with the traits of genus Paleosisyra and differs from P. eocenica and P. electrobaltica mainly by the male genitalia. The coxopodits are stocky and almost hemispherical, compared to the elongate and digitiform coxopodits of P. electrobaltica and to the “long” coxopodits of P. eocenica. The forewing venation is characterised by the 3-branched RP in contrast to the 4-branched RP in P. eocenica and P. electrobaltica. Three gradate series of cross-veins can be discerned (Fig. 1 b). The apical cross-veins are arranged in a more or less aligned outer gradate series. In the forewing of Paleosisyra minor n. sp., CuA runs to the wing margin with only two terminal branches and a final terminal fork. In the hindwing the sinusoid cross-vein rpma-mp originates from MP and enters RP+MA directly at the dichotomous branch (Fig. 2 b). Description. Head (Fig. 1 a): Antenna filamentous, two-thirds of the length of the forewings. Scapus distinctly larger than the other segments; pedicellus smaller, basally narrow and distally globular. The following 29 flagellomeres slightly longer than wide and approximately cylindrical. Maxillary palp 5-segmented, with first, second and fourth segments shorter than the third; terminal segment triangular in dorsal view, twice as long as the third, broadest at base, narrowed and tapered at apex. Labial palps with third terminal segment enlarged, flattened, triangle-shaped, the second segment smaller than the terminal and than the narrow first segments. Dorsal region of the head capsule (vertex) slightly convex, on both sides large compound eyes well visible. Forewing (Fig. 1 b): Length 3.5 mm; membrane hyaline; costal area widened, costal cross-veins all simple, about 14 before the apical fusion between Sc and RA; subcostal area between Sc and RA with subcostal cross-vein sc-ra below the 2nd costal cross-vein and above the dichotomous branch of RA and RP+MA, then followed by the dichotomous branch in RP and in MA below the 3rd costal cross-vein. Between RA and RP cross-vein 2ra-rp just placed basally of the dichotomous branch of RP in RP1+2 and RP3+4. The dichotomous branch of RP1+ 2 in RP1 and RP2 is located close to the next cross-vein 3ra-rp; RP3+4 unbranched, simple; RP 3-branched (RP1, RP2, RP3+4), all 3 branches apically with short terminal forks. MA simple, divided apically into two short terminal branches; MP midway with dichotomous branch MP1+2 and MP3+4, both divided apically into two or three terminal branches. CuA and CuP separated from wing base; CuA running parallel to margin with two terminal branches and finally a terminal fork; CuP simple. Anal veins 1A to 3A all simple, running separately to anal margin. The area between RA and RP has three cross-veins: 2ra-rp, 3ra-rp and 4ra-rp. Cross-vein 2ra-rp participates in the inner cross-vein gradate series. Crossvein 3ra-rp is connected to the middle cross-vein gradate series. The outer cross-vein gradate series consists of cross-veins running along the furcation of the terminal branches at the apical wing margin, including cross-vein 4ra-rp of the area between RA and RP. Hindwing (Fig. 2 a): Costal cross-veins all simple and numerous before the apical fusion of Sc and RA; subcostal area between Sc and RA with a basal cross-vein. At wing base the stem of R hypothetically present and fused with MA; subsequently follows the dichotomous branch with RA and RP+MA; then MA separating from RP. Sinusoid cross-vein rpma-mp originating basally of MP and entering apically RP+MA directly at the dichotomous branch with separated RP and MA (Fig. 2 b). RP 2-branched, separated in RP1+2 and RP 3+4, all of them with terminal forks. MA and MP simple, with terminal forks. CuA with terminal branches, CuP simple. Anal veins (1A, 2A, 3A) simple, running separately to anal margin. Apical cross-veins forming an outer gradate series. Male genitalia (Fig. 2 c, d): The outer genital structures are poorly preserved. The ectoproct is horseshoeshaped but largely covered by a white reflecting air film (verlumt), the gonocoxites (cp) heavily sclerotized, stocky and almost hemispherical; their inner sides slightly concave, apparently with a spacer to keep apart the gonocoxites. Ninth sternite (S9) slightly sclerotized, V-shaped, wide angled, without any posterior processes.Published as part of Wichard, Wilfried, Wedmann, Sonja & Weiterschan, Thomas, 2016, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) in Baltic amber, pp. 117-125 in Zootaxa 4158 (1) on pages 118-121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/25837
Coralline algae preparation for scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy
No full textProtocols for Macroalgae Research describes state-of-the-art approaches and applications in seaweed research. The book is comprised of 31 protocols in all and provides critical information regarding the cultivation and preservation of seaweeds, their chemical composition, as well as their cellular and molecular characterization. This type of research is critical and timely, as the last few decades have witnessed remarkable advancements in phycological research worldwide. Consideration of algal resources for food, fuel, chemicals, feed, and fertilizer has furthered the development of diverse laboratory techniques that not only advance their utilization substantially, but also provided new insights in understanding the molecular basis of their form and function. This recent progress has enabled researchers to determine and quantify various metabolites and organic macromolecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Protocols for Macroalgae Research thus uses macroalgae as a model organism for addressing fundamental research problems. No recent comprehensive literature of this format exists on this topic. As such, this state-of-the-art protocol text both develops and standardizes the various macroalgae approaches located within the field. It does so by featuring a wide-range of protocols from invited experts; each protocol features a brief introductory overview, an inventory of materials and reagents, and step-by-step experimental procedures, which include helpful notes offering care and cautions. This protocol book is an invaluable reference for beginning and preexisting researchers within the field of macroalgae
Western medieval legal manuscripts in the collections of the University of Pennsylvania
No full textWestern legal manuscripts of the Middle Ages in North American collections are among the least known to scholars. The University of Pennsylvania has a rich collection of these texts, several of which were in the collection of the historian Henry Charles Lea. Included are works of civil law and canon law, as well as collections of papal letters and guides to pastoral care. The descriptions of most of these manuscripts in the catalog of Norman P. Zacour and Rudolf Hirsch are perfunctory, sometimes erring or omitting valuable information. Other manuscripts were added in recent years in the Lawrence J. Schoenberg Collection. Much of this material is being added to the Franklin online catalog of the University’s libraries, but researchers frequently do not search these digital resources. This article provides more complete guidance to the University’s medieval legal manuscripts than any of the existing catalogs offers, whether in print or online. It also provides updated bibliographic information in print or online. Every manuscript has been examined by the author in situ. Among the important works represented in the collection is the Panormia (a work of canon law often attributed to Ivo of Chartres). Authors present include the curialist Thomas of Capua, canonists Petrus de Braco, William of Pagula, Bernardus Raimundi, Adam of Aldersbach, Raymond of Peñafort, and civil lawyers Baldus de Ubaldis, and Bartolus de Saxoferrato. Three of these manuscripts were owned in the past by Sir Thomas Phillipps
Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)
No full textMedieval canon law attempted to distinguish clergy from the laity by restricting their dress choices. The article focuses on prohibition of wearing red or green on the street. Both colors were identified with the nobility.The published version was published as Chapter 7 in Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1Izbicki, Thomas M. (2005), "Forbidden Colors in the Regulation of Clerical Dress from the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) to the Time of Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464)" in Netherton, Robin and Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds., Medieval Clothing and Textiles 1 (Boydell Press),105-114ISBN: 9781843831235 (published book
Thomas Crutchfield account book, 1848-1861
No full textA book containing business accounts, including details about travel expenses and the purchase and sale of lumber as well as other goods and services. The author also catalogs personal spending, the dates and pricing of properties offered for rent, and the purchase and leasing of enslaved people. Many entries are consistent with the business activities of Thomas Crutchfield Sr., who died in 1850. Someone continued to make entries in the book for activities dated up to 1861
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