1,721,063 research outputs found
Progress in pest management in organic strawberry production
No full textFor tuning up sustainable organic strawberry production new measures in pest management needs to be developed. Both pest insects and pathogenic fungi reduces yields and fruit quality. Present study shows that mass trapping of strawberry blossom weevils by using volatile baited traps is not an efficient measure in an established field. However, in a new study traps will be combined with fencing of the field with insect net. There will also be a study on the effect of using ozonated water as a measure to prevent the fungus related disease grey mould to develop
Genetics and welfare in organic poultry production. Genetics and welfare in organic poultry production A discussion on the suitability of available breeds and hybrids
No full textOrganic production of eggs, broilers and turkey is regulated by international and national regulations and differs from conventional production. Breeds and hybrids selected for conventional production are also used in organic production. Many traits that are important for animal welfare are affected both by environment and genetics. This report gives an overview of the research about how animals with different genetics can be more or less suitable for alternative production systems. Moreover, the answers from a questionnaire among Norwegian poultry producers are reported. Possibilities for the development of animals more suitable for the goals and regulations in organic production are discussed
Utilisation of co-streams in the Norwegian food processing industry
No full textFood losses occur throughout the entire food chain, from primary production via postharvest handling and storage, to food processing, distribution, retailing and consumption. Globally, food losses account for about one third of the total food produced for human consumption. The aim of this report was to map the production and utilisation of co-streams in the food processing industry in Norway and to discuss possibilities for alternative utilisation based on qualitative aspects of the co-streams, and current legislation. This report is produced by work package 3 in the CYCLE project (2013-2016), “Total utilisation of raw materials in the supply chain for food with a bio-economical perspective”. The CYCLE project aims to improve resource utilisation in the Norwegian food chain by developing sustainable eco-friendly bio-processes and novel technology, in close relationship with food industry partners. Inputs and outputs of organic materials were roughly mapped at selected food processing plants presenting three Norwegian food chains: 1) Vegetables and potatoes; 2) white and pelagic fish; and 3) poultry. Data was collected during plant visits in June 2013, and later checked by staff from the described plants. The report describes the qualitative properties of co-streams, and their current utilisation as feed, fertiliser and as substrate for bioenergy production. We also present relevant regulations in EU and Norway regarding processing and utilisation of co-streams, and discuss alternative utilisation. Altogether, the food processing plants had significant market shares in Norway within fresh potatoes (38%), lettuce (17%), poultry meat (24%) and white and pelagic fish, where export makes up a large proportion. Generally, a large proportion of the raw materials were utilised as food and feed. On average for all plants, 75% of the raw material was utilised in food products, 21% in feed products, 1% in fertiliser and bioenergy production and 3% was deposited in landfill. The plants used in average 8.6 tonnes of process water per tonne of food produced, but the amount varied considerably between the plants. Possible improvements in the utilisation of raw materials and co-streams include a higher degree of utilisation in food products, and developing new or improved feed components from co-streams with increased nutritional value. Due to the current high degree of utilisation in food and feed applications with high economic values, the potential for bioenergy and fertiliser production is limited to certain risk materials. Feed potatoes and vegetables and feathers, bones, blood, viscera and skin from fish or poultry have considerable potential for better utilisation for food or feed. Relevant processing methods for these co-streams are fractionation, hydrolysis, fermentation and drying
Er det mulig å stenge jordbærsnutebillen ute fra et nytt jordbærfelt?
No full textFor mange jordbærdyrkere er kampen mot jordbærsnutebillen en stor utfordring. Derfor ble det testet om det er mulig å gjerde skadeinsektene ute fra et nyetablert jordbærfelt ved bruk av et høyt insektnett. Dette ble kombinert med bruk av insektfeller. I løpet av tre år ble det registrert insektskader på plantene alle år også på innsiden av gjerdet. Imidlertid ser det ut til at tiltakene har avverget en større invasjon av snutebiller det siste året
Lab and field trial evaluation (Ozonated water against lite blight in potato)
No full textIn this study we have tested the efficiency of ozonised water against lite blight in potatoes. We wanted to evaluate the effect of treating late blight infected seed potatoes with ozonised water and the effect of spraying ozonised water on potato leaves infected with this fungal disease
The use of ozonised water in plant production
Full text linkWhat I will talk about:
• What is ozone (O3)
• Strawberry open field production, spraying with of ozonated water (own study)
• Potato production, treating infected seed potatoes and spraying the leaves (own study)
• Strawberry greenhouse production, fogger spraying (MET study)
• Tomato production, ozone in irrigation water (IAV study
Utfasing av uønska innsatsfaktorer fra økologisk landbruk (Organic-PLUS)
No full textProsjektet Organic-PLUS har som målsetting å finne alternativer til uønskede innsatsfaktorer i økologisk landbruk. En av disse innsatsfaktorene er kopper, som brukes lovlig over hele Europa. Mest brukt blir det brukt i middelhavslandene, der det dyrkes blant annet tomater, oliven og sitrusfrukter. Det har gjort at kopper har blitt akkumulert i jordsmonnet der dette virkemidlet brukes. Det er uheldig, da tungmetaller som kopper har negativ innvirkning på planter og dyr samt humanhelsen.
I Spania forskes det på hvordan man kan erstatte bruk av kopper med andre produkter ved økologisk produksjon av tomater i veksthus. Der har de vist at kaliumbikarbonat kan erstatte kopper. I tillegg har de vist at valg av tomatsort også er av største betydning.
I Hellas har de vist at behandling av olivenplanter med biosimulanter som styrker plantene og svovelkalk kan erstatte bruk av kopperprodukter. Det har i tillegg en positiv eller ingen negativ effekt på fruktstørrelse og salgbar avling.
I Italia forskes det på biologisk kontroll av soppsykdommer i økologisk sitrusdyrking. Der har de vist at det finnes flere alternative stoffer som virker positivt både i vekstkammer og i feltforsøk. Disse stoffene kan virke til og med bedre enn kopperprodukter som brukes i dag
Kan soppsykdommer i jordbær og andre vekster kontrolleres ved sprøyting med ozonholdig vann?
Full text linkVed jordbærproduksjon på friland er det en klar utfordring med soppsykdommen gråskimmel. I veksthus er meldugg en større utfordring. For å hindre disse soppsykdommene sprøytes det rimelig hyppig med ulike soppmidler for å redusere avlingstapet. NORSØK har nå publisert en rapport der det er kartlagt kunnskap om muligheten for å bruke ozonert vann istedenfor soppmidler som plantevernmiddel mot gråskimmel i jordbæ
Kartlegging av kunnskap om muligheter for bruk av ozonholdig vann som plantevernmiddel mot gråskimmel i jordbær
Full text linkInnen jordbærproduksjon kan det oppstå store avlingstap forårsaket av soppsykdommen gråskimmel. Både konvensjonelle og økologiske produsenter etterspør nye tiltak. Et mulig virkemiddel er bruk av ozonert vann. Ozon er et sterkt oksidasjonsmiddel som brukes til å desinfisere teknisk utstyr for blant annet havbruksnæringa, meieriindustrien og helsevesenet. Det er også en internasjonal interesse for å bruke ozonert vann til å inaktivere patogener fra soppsykdommer innen matproduksjon. Egen forskning her i Norge viser at det kan være mulig å kontrollere gråskimmel i jordbærfelt på friland ved bruk av ozonert vann. Utprøvninger i Italia viser at ozonert vann også kan brukes for å kontrollere soppsykdommer på jordbær i veksthus. Imidlertid må det til mer forskning for å utvikle appliseringsmetoden og for å sikre at andre organismer i nærmiljøet ikke tar skade. Lovgivningen som regulerer bruk av ozonert vann til plantevern i matproduksjon er også et hinder før denne metoden kan kommersialiseres
Diversitet og tetthet av pollinerende insekter i et jordbærfelt på øya Sekken i Storfjorden, sør om Molde.
Full text linkInsects may have a great impact on strawberry yields and in many other plants. In a time of climate change and where the number of insects seems to decrease, questions have been asked about how the populations of pollinating insect species are doing. Therefore, in this project we would map the status of these beneficial insects in a strawberry field on the island of Sekken, south of Molde, in the period 2.-15. June 2020. In the experimental field, a square of 25m x 50m was marked. In the experimental square, a total of 12 so-called "pan-traps" were set out to catch insects at four different points. These traps consisted of plastic cups spray-painted either white, blue or yellow, and mounted on piles. The cups were half-filled with mild soapy water. The traps were inspected three times a day throughout the whole trial period. In this square, four observation points were also pointed. At each observation point, a square of 1m x 1m with approx. 100 strawberry flowers were marked. In sequences of 15 min., the frequency and type of insect that came and visited the flowers were recorded. 20 such observations were made at each observation point during the entire experimental period. In the insect traps, 189 different insects were caught. Of these, there were 172 diptera, i.e. flies and mosquitoes. 11 wasps were also caught, which included 7 wild bees. No bumblebees were caught. The catch was very weather dependent with no catches as it was low temperature (<10 ° C) and rain. During the observations 47 hoverflies, 25 wild bees, 7 bumblebees and 5 other flies were observed, altogether 84 insects. These made 139 flower visits. On average, the wild bees visited more flowers than the hoverflies and spend more time on each flower, thus it seems in this strawberry field that the wild bees were most important for the pollination of the flowers
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