39,924 research outputs found
Maratus kiwirrkurra Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov.
No full textMaratus kiwirrkurra Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov. (FIGURES 1 A, D, G, 2A‒K, 3) Material examined. MALE HOLOTYPE (WAM-T138587) from Australia, Western Australia, Bush Blitz, Kiwirkurra indigenous protected area, S03, Lake Mackay, salt lake, 22°29'S, 128°22'E, 367 m, B. Baehr, 8‒18 Sep. 2015, pitfall traps. Etymology. The specific name in apposition refers to the type locality and recognises the community of the Kiwirrkurra indigenous protected area. Diagnosis. This small species belongs to the Maratus chrysomelas group, having a wide rimmed embolic disc covered with frontal ridges. There is no retrolateral process of the embolic disc. M. kiwirrkurra can be separated from other species of this group by the prosoma and opisthosoma being covered with cinnamon and white setae in a mottled manner, an adaptation for crypsis in the sand of the Gibson Desert (Fig. 2 C). Description. Male (Holotype, WAM-T138587). Total length 2.84. Prosoma 1.49 long, 1.13 wide, pl/pw 1.11; sternum 0.63 long, 0.47 wide, sl/sw 1.34; opisthosoma 1.35 long, 1.06 wide; opisthosoma longer than wide, ol/ ow1.27. Ocular quadrangle 0.67 long. Anterior eye row 0.95, posterior eye row 1.01 wide. AME largest; posterior eye group width 0.99 of caput width; AME 0.31; ALE 0.19; PME 0.16; PLE 0.06; AME‒AME 0.03; AME‒ALE 0.04; PME‒PME 0.91; PME‒PLE 0.14; ALE‒PLE 0.16. Clypeus 0.21 high. Paturon with no promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Length of leg III, femur: 1.08, patella: 0.45, tibia: 0.70, metatarsus: 0.61, tarsus: 0.43, length of metatarsus III 0.87 the length of tibia III. Leg formula: 3421. Dorsal part and sides of prosoma cinnamon brown, with faint reticular pattern, margin black. Ocular quadrangle darker around eyes black, covered with white and cinnamon setae. AME and ALE with cinnamon fringe (Figs 2 A, C, E, F). Endites, labium, chelicerae pale and sternum pale; opisthosoma cinnamon with darker patches, covered with white and cinnamon setae, with longer white setae posteriorly; venter cinnamon with darker brown book-lung covers, covered with white setae. Leg III pale cinnamon covered with white setae. Male palp (Figs 1 A, D, G, 2H‒K): cymbium short, 1.6 times longer than wide, covered with long black setae at prolateral margin and white setae dorsally, tip stout with distal scopula. Embolic disc longer than wide (Fig. 1 D), with narrow retrolateral groove (Fig. 1 G), frontally a few half-moon shaped ridges at anterior part and longitudinal ridges at posterior part reaching the end of the embolus (Fig. 1 D); embolus broad, flattened, embolus tip twisted, opening at frontal part (Fig. 1 A); retrobasal tegular lobe (TL) broad (Fig. 2 I); retrolateral tibial apophysis broadly conical (Fig. 2 K). Female. Unknown Distribution. Known only from Lake Mackay (Fig. 3) at Kiwirrkurra indigenous protected area, in the Gibson Desert, Eastern Western Australia.Published as part of Baehr, Barbara C. & Whyte, Robert, 2016, The Peacock Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Maratus) of the Queensland Museum, including six new species, pp. 501-525 in Zootaxa 4154 (5) on pages 503-504, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25578
FIGURE 7 in The Peacock Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Maratus) of the Queensland Museum, including six new species
No full textFIGURE 7 (A‒I). Maratus anomalus group males: A, D, G, M. anomalus (Karsch, 1878) (QM-S56273); B, E, H, M. julianneae Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov. holotype (QM-S96325); C, F, I, Maratus michaelorum Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov. holotype (QM- S80074); A‒C, palpal tip with embolic disc; D‒F, embolic disc frontal view; G‒I, palpal tip retrolateral view, with retrolateral groove at embolic tip and semicircular lateral process of embolic disc.Published as part of Baehr, Barbara C. & Whyte, Robert, 2016, The Peacock Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Maratus) of the Queensland Museum, including six new species, pp. 501-525 in Zootaxa 4154 (5) on page 510, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25578
ELMs and disruptions in ITER: Expected Energy Fluxes on Plasma Facing Components from Multi-machine Experimental Extrapolations and Consequences for ITER Operation
No full textCRPPSPCcont. of author list: G. Maddaluno, D. Whyte, A. Leonard, M. Fenstermacher, R.A. Pitts, I. Landman, B. Bazylev, S. Pestchanyi, A. Zhitlukhin, V.Podkovyrov , N. Klimov, V. Safronov, M. Becoulet, B. Kuteev, V. Koidan, L. Khimchenk
A cardinal role for cathepsin D in co-ordinating the host-mediated apoptosis of macrophages and killing of pneumococci
No full textThe bactericidal function of macrophages against pneumococci is enhanced by their apoptotic demise, which is controlled by the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Here, we show that lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cytosolic translocation of activated cathepsin D occur prior to activation of a mitochondrial pathway of macrophage apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition or knockout of cathepsin D during pneumococcal infection blocked macrophage apoptosis. As a result of cathepsin D activation, Mcl-1 interacted with its ubiquitin ligase Mule and expression declined. Inhibition of cathepsin D had no effect on early bacterial killing but inhibited the late phase of apoptosis-associated killing of pneumococci in vitro. Mice bearing a cathepsin D-/- hematopoietic system demonstrated reduced macrophage apoptosis in vivo, with decreased clearance of pneumococci and enhanced recruitment of neutrophils to control pulmonary infection. These findings establish an unexpected role for a cathepsin D-mediated lysosomal pathway of apoptosis in pulmonary host defense and underscore the importance of apoptosis-associated microbial killing to macrophage function
Maratus eliasi Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Maratus eliasi</i> Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov. <p>(FIGURES 11 A, D, G, 12A‒I)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> MALE HOLOTYPE (QM-S96335) from Australia, Queensland, Nuga Nuga National Park, 24°59’S, 148°40’E, M. Girard and D. Elias, 20 Oct. 2015, hand coll. PARATYPES: 1 male (QM-S73641) from Australia, Queensland, Boomer Ra. Mongrel Scub, 23°12’S, 149°46’E, G. Monteith, 16 Dec. 1999 ‒ 22 Mar. 2000, intercept.</p> <p> <b>Records.</b> 1 male, Australia, Queensland, Tregole National Park, 26°29’S, 147°06’E, M. Girard and D. Elias, 20 Oct. 2015, hand coll, deposited in M. Girard’s collection.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name is a patronym in honour of Dr Damian Elias, who helped to discover new populations of <i>M. eliasi</i> while assisting his wife, Madeline Girard who was collecting specimens for her PhD work.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>M. eliasi</i> belongs to the <i>digitatus</i> group in having inflatable spinnerets (Fig. 12 A) <i>M. eliasi</i> is closely related to <i>M. digitatus</i> (mentioned in Otto & Hill, 2015: fig. 37 as <i>Maratus</i> cf. <i>digitatus</i>) sharing a nearly identical prosomal colour pattern and in having a larger pair of semicircular, iridescent, flaps which are uniformly dark green in <i>M. digitatus</i>.</p> <p> <i>M. eliasi</i> can be separated from <i>M. digitatus</i> by its opisthosomal colour pattern (golden and striped flaps) (Fig. 12 A) and its shorter embolic tip (Figs 11 B, E).</p> <p> <b>Description. Male</b> (Holotype, QM-S96335). Total length 3.98. Prosoma 2.12 long, 1.60 wide, pl/pw 1.32; sternum 0.91 long, 0.52 wide, sl/sw 1.75; abdomen 1.86 long, 1.44 wide; abdomen wider than long when inflated, (ol/ow 0.68; QM-S73641). Ocular quadrangle 0.93 long. Anterior eye row 1.51, posterior eye row 1.54 wide. AME largest; posterior eye group width 0.92 of caput width; AME 0.47; ALE 0.27; PME 0.23; PLE 0.08; AME‒AME 0.04; AME‒ALE 0.03; PME‒PME 1.19; PME‒PLE 0.180; ALE‒PLE 0.22. Clypeus 0.22 high. Paturon with no promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Length of leg III, femur: 1.54, patella: 0.65, tibia: 0.88, metatarsus: 0.75, tarsus: 0.52; metatarsus III 0.85 the length of tibia III. Leg formula: 3421. Prosoma dark brown; ocular quadrangle covered with golden setae scattered with white setae forming three bands, sides with a fringe, a posterior median patch and two lateral patches of white setae; AME and ALE dorsally with a fringe of golden setae, ventrally with a fringe of white setae. Endites distally pale; labium, chelicerae and sternum medium brown with darker reticulation; opisthosoma bluish iridescent, a dancing monster with a red head and arms and blue eyes when seen from the front, flaps golden with one black and two white stripes; venter pale. Leg I‒IV covered with white setae; tibiae and metatarsi I‒IV dark brown tarsi I‒IV pale. Male palp (Figs 11 A, D, G, 12G‒I): cymbium short, 1.6 times longer than wide, covered with white setae, prolateral distal half with stronger dark satae; tip stout with distal scopula. Embolic disc wider than long, with broad, flat front and flat retrolateral groove; with few small tooth-like denticules at the retrocentral part of the disc; embolus tip with triangular retrolateral ridge embolic opening pipe or chimney-shaped; finger-like lateral process of embolic disc with pancake-stack shaped retrolateral ridges; tegular shoulder with cone-shaped lamella (LTS); retrobasal tegular lobe (TL) with broader tip only prolateral side concave (Fig. 12 H); patella and tibia covered with long white setae covering 1/2 of the cymbium retolaterally; retrolateral tibial apophysis narrow, finger-shaped.</p> <p> <b>Female.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from Queensland.</p>Published as part of <i>Baehr, Barbara C. & Whyte, Robert, 2016, The Peacock Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae: Maratus) of the Queensland Museum, including six new species, pp. 501-525 in Zootaxa 4154 (5)</i> on pages 515-518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.5.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/255783">http://zenodo.org/record/255783</a>
FIGURE 3 in The first described male Tube-web Spider for mainland Australia: Ariadna kiwirrkurra sp. nov. (Araneae: Segestriidae)
No full textFIGURE 3 (A–I). Ariadna kiwirrkurra, Baehr & Whyte sp. nov., male (WAM-T138053). A habitus, dorsal view; B habitus, lateral view; C habitus, ventral view; D prosoma, anterior view; E sternum; F right leg I, prolateral view; G male palp, prolateral view; H same, dorsal view; I same, retrolateral view. Scale bars 1mm except D 0.1mm.Published as part of Baehr, Barbara C. & Whyte, Robert, 2016, The first described male Tube-web Spider for mainland Australia: Ariadna kiwirrkurra sp. nov. (Araneae: Segestriidae), pp. 595-599 in Zootaxa 4189 (3) on page 597, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4189.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/16623
Modeling and analysis of the tritium fuel cycle for ARC- and STEP-class D-T fusion power plants
No full textThe limited tritium resources available for the first fusion power plants (FPPs) make fuel self-sufficiency and tritium inventory minimization leading issues in FPP design. This work builds on the model proposed by Abdou et al (2020 Nucl. Fusion 61 013001), which analyzed the fuel cycle (FC) of a DEMOnstration nuclear FPP-class FPP with a time-dependent system-level model. Here, we use a modified version of their model to analyze the FC of an Affordable, Robust, Compact (ARC)-class tokamak and two versions of a Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)-class tokamak. The ARC-class tokamak breeds tritium in a 2LiF + BeF2 liquid immersion blanket, while the STEP-class tokamak breeds tritium utilizing either a liquid-lithium blanket design or an encapsulated breeding blanket. A time-dependent system-level model is developed in Matlab Simulink® to simulate the evolution of tritium flows and tritium inventories in the FC. The main goals of this work are to assess tritium self-sufficiency of the ARC- and STEP-class designs and to determine quantitative design requirements that can be used to analyze the adequacy of a proposed FC system. These design requirements are aimed at achieving a low tritium inventory doubling time ( t d ) and a low start-up inventory ( I s t a r t u p ) while keeping the required tritium breeding ratio (TBR r ) as low as possible. We also consider how improvements in FC technology and POs affect TBR r and I s t a r t u p . The model results show that TBR r for ARC- and STEP-class FPPs should be achievable if the tritium burn efficiency (TBE) reaches 0.5%-1% (TBR r 70%, tritium processing time < 4 h, and the implementation of direct internal recycling (DIR). If future research yields major improvements to achievable TBE, it may be possible to achieve tritium self-sufficiency while operating at lower availability and without implementing DIR
An island of constancy in a sea of change: Rethinking project temporalities with long-term megaprojects
No full textThis paper examines the organizational phenomena of long-term projects. While research literature frames projects as "temporary organizations", megaprojects have long initiation and delivery phases, lasting years sometimes decades, and deliver capital assets that are used for decades or centuries. Instead of short-duration activity within a fixed organizational context, these projects involve multiple temporalities, combining more and less temporary forms of organizing in the process of enactment. Using an example of a long-term infrastructural megaproject, a wind-farm, to illustrate the phenomenon, we contribute by articulating different temporalities associated with the delivery project, life-cycle; stakeholder organizations that set up the project; and special purpose vehicles through which it is delivered. Implications of these temporalities for project management research and practice are discussed with reference to understandings of risk and knowledge. We argue that focus on long-term projects and their multiple temporalities opens up new ways of thinking about projects as temporary organizations. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. APM and IPMA. All rights reserved
Ariadna kiwirrkurra Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov.
No full textAriadna kiwirrkurra Baehr & Whyte, sp. nov. (FIGURE 1 A–C, 2, 3 A–I, 4 A–F) Material examined. Holotype male (WAM-T138053) from Australia: Western Australia, Kiwirrkurra, SSS1, 22°51'56"S, 127°45'41"E, 449m, B. Baehr et.al., 8–18 Sep. 2015, vertebrate traps. Paratypes: 3 males (WAM-T138054) same as previous; 2 males (WAM-T138052), Kiwirrkurra SSS2, 22°48'42"S, 127°49'52"E, 436m, B. Baehr, et al. 8–18 Sep. 2015, vertebrate traps; 1 male (QM-S96340) same as previous. Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality. Kiwirrkurra in the Gibson Desert is one of Australia's most recent Indigenous Protected Areas (IPA). Diagnosis. Ariadna kiwirrkurra can be separated from A. decatetracantha Main, 1954 in having a fovea as an indented pit (A. decatetracantha has no fovea); from A. thyrianthina Simon, 1908 by the oval opisthosoma (opisthosoma cylindrical in A. thyrianthina); from Ariadna burchelli (Hogg, 1900) by the absence of any opisthosomal pattern (A. burchelli has an opisthosomal pattern); from A. octospinata (Lamb, 1911) by PME in line of PLE (PME placed behind the line of PLE in A. octospinata) and from A. dysderina L. Koch, 1873 by the round PME (PME oval in A. dysderina). A. kiwirrkurra can be separated from the remaining non mainland Australian Ariadna species, in having the long paturon forward directed with lateral condyle; and a large globular palpal bulb at least twice the diameter of the tibia. Description. Male (Holotype, WAM-T138053). Total length 7.18. Prosoma 3.72 long, 2.84 wide, pl/pw 1.31; sternum 2.55 long, 1.29 wide, sl/sw 1.97, nearly 2 x as long as wide; opisthosoma 3.46 long, 2.56 wide. Eyes, anterior eye row narrower than posterior eye row; lateral and median eyes contiguous; eyes arranged in 3 closely spaced diads; PME largest; ALE 0.18; PME 0.19; PLE 0.18; ALE-ALE 0.33; PME-PLE 0.13. Clypeus 0.14 high. Prosoma dark brown, oval, reticulated, posteriorly concave (Fig. 3 A), sides rebordered and slightly undulated, fovea an indented pit. Chelicerae dark brown, directed forward; paturon twice as long as wide with lateral condyles, promargin with 3 (Fig. 4 B), retromargin with 1 tiny tooth, fangs short directed medially (Fig. 4 A). Endites, labium, medium brown, tips of endites white (Fig. 4 B); sternum pale sides darker (Fig. 3 A); opisthosoma oval, dark brown without any pattern; venter medium brown, booklungs pale (Fig. 38). Endites: serrula a single row of teeth (Fig. 3 D). Legs robust, yellow; leg I, II: distal part of femur, patella and tibia dark brown; metatarsus I with prolateral tubercle (Fig. 3 F, 4C, D), superior tarsal claw I and II with about 13 teeth (Fig. 4 E), claw III and IV with about 7 medially situated teeth (Fig. 4 F), inferior claw tiny, without teeth (Fig. 4 F). Tarsus IV ventrally swollen (Fig. 4 F). Leg formula: II-I-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.36, patella 1.15, tibia 2.90, metatarsus 2.60, tarsus 1.02, total 10.13; II, 3.07, 1.26, 2.75, 2.73, 0.93, 10.74; III, 2.54, 0.73, 1.72, 1.66, 0.85, 7.50; IV, 3.17, 1.08, 2.33, 1.98, 0.96, 9.16. Leg spination (only surfaces bearing spines are listed): I: femur d1-1-1, p3ap,dr1ap; patella p1ap; tibia p1-1-1-1-1, vp2-2-2-1, vr1-1-1-1, r1-1-1-1-1-1-1; metatarsus p1-0-0-1, r1-0-0-1; II: femur d1-1-1-1, dp2ap,dr2ap; tibia p1-1-1, vp1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1, r1-1-1-1-1-1-1; metatarsus p1-1-1, v1, r1-1- 1-1; III: femur d1-1-1-1, dp2ap,dr2ap; tibia p1-1-1, v1, r1-1-1-1; metatarsus p1-1-1, v1, vr1-1, r1-1; IV: femur d1-1-1-1- 1; metatarsus r1. Male palp (Figs 3 G-I): cymbium short, dorsally indented about as long as wide, covered with black setae (Fig. 3 H); large globular palpal bulb twice the diameter of the tibia (Figs 3 G, I), embolus long and thin; tip s-shaped (Figs 3 G, I). Female. Unknown Distribution. Known only from the Kiwirrkurra IPA in the Gibson Desert in Western Australia (Fig. 1 A–C).Published as part of Baehr, Barbara C. & Whyte, Robert, 2016, The first described male Tube-web Spider for mainland Australia: Ariadna kiwirrkurra sp. nov. (Araneae: Segestriidae), pp. 595-599 in Zootaxa 4189 (3) on pages 595-597, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4189.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/16623
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