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Psolidae Forbes 1841
No full textPsolidae Forbes, 1841 Remarks. For synonymy and systematic records, diagnosis, key to genera and discussion see O’Loughlin & Maric 2008.Published as part of O'Loughlin, Mark & Whitfield, Emily, 2010, New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae), pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 2528 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29418
FIGURE 2 in New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae)
No full textFIGURE 2. Psolus carolineae sp. nov. holotype (a, c, e, NMV F168623): a, dorsal view; c, lateral view; e, ventral view; paratype, juvenile specimen (b, d, f, NMV F168627): b, dorsal view; d, lateral view; f, ventral view.Published as part of O'Loughlin, Mark & Whitfield, Emily, 2010, New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae), pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 2528 on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29418
Psolus Oken 1815
No full textPsolus Oken, 1815 Diagnosis. (from O’Loughlin & Whitfield 2010). Species of Psolidae with large imbricating or contiguous dorsal and lateral scales; ventro-lateral scales at margin clearly demarcated from thin sole that lacks conspicuous scales; tube feet absent dorsally and laterally, except sometimes present orally and anally. Ten dendritic tentacles present, eight large and two small ventrally.Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
FIGURE 5 in An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species
No full textFIGURE 5. Psolus salottii sp. nov. holotype (a, b, c, d in part, e, SAM K2175): a, dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, ventral view; d, sole ossicle (larger curved plate from holotype, others from paratype); e, dorsal ossicles (multi-layered scales and perforated cylinders); paratype (d in part, f, NMV F157397): d, sole ossicles (3 smaller ossicles from paratype); f, tentacle ossicles, including end plates.Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on page 30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
Ceto Gistel 1848
No full text<i>Ceto</i> Gistel, 1848 <p> <b>Diagnosis</b> (see Pawson 1971b). Five conspicuous radial oral valves. Five or more inconspicuous anal valves. Numerous tube feet on sole in all 3 radii and scattered interradially. Dorsal scales large and covered with leathery skin. Dorsal tube feet scattered through and between scales, and visible as pores. 15 tentacles. More than 25 Polian vesicles.</p>Published as part of <i>Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037</i> on page 23, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/278771">10.5281/zenodo.278771</a>
Psolus Oken 1815
No full textPsolus Oken, 1815 Diagnosis. Species of Psolidae with large imbricating or contiguous dorsal and lateral scales; ventro-lateral scales at margin clearly demarcated from thin sole that lacks conspicuous scales; tube feet absent dorsally and laterally, except sometimes present orally and anally. Remarks. In their key to genera of Psolidae, O’Loughlin & Maric 2008 stated that the conspicuous dorsal and lateral scales of species of Psolus lacked calcareous towers. A close dorsal and lateral cover of apically spinous towers on the scales is the diagnostically distinctive character of one of the new species described below. The diagnosis in O’Loughlin & Maric 2008 has been appropriately emended here.Published as part of O'Loughlin, Mark & Whitfield, Emily, 2010, New species of Psolus Oken from Antarctica (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae), pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 2528 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.29418
Psolidae Forbes 1841
No full textPsolidae Forbes, 1841 Diagnosis (see O’Loughlin & Maric 2008). Body flattened, with well-defined ventral sole. Dorsal surface of body invested by imbricating scales. Ventral sole soft, surrounded by tube feet. Mouth and anus dorsally turned. Remarks. For synonymy, discussion, and a key to genera of Psolidae see O’Loughlin & Maric (2008), with removal of ‘lacking calcareous towers’ from point one emended in O’Loughlin & Whitfield (2010). The authors recommend here that ‘thin calcareous’ also be omitted from the point one description of the sole to allow for the inclusion of Ceto which has a thicker, leathery sole. The diagnosis of Psolidae above does not admit Neopsolidium Pawson, 1964. There are no Australian species of Echinopsolus, Lissothuria or Ekkentropelma.Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
Psolidium Ludwig 1886
No full textPsolidium Ludwig, 1886 Diagnosis (O’Loughlin & Maric 2008). Small species of Psolidae, arched dorsally and flattened ventrally with a distinct ventral sole. Ten dendritic tentacles present, eight large and two small ventrally. Imbricating dorsal and lateral scales, decreasing in size ventro-laterally, orally and anally. Oral and anal openings lacking large discrete valves. Tube feet present dorso-laterally though not always macroscopically evident. Ventral tube feet in two sizes with outer peripheral series smaller when present. Mid-ventral series of tube feet variably present. Dorso-lateral and ventral ossicles can include combinations of multi-layered plates, perforated plates, cups, rosettes, crosses, cupped crosses, thorns (branched rods), and buttons. Always some tube foot canals present in dorso-lateral multilayered ossicles. Tentacle ossicles commonly include irregular rods and perforated end plates, with rosettes sometimes also present.Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
Ceto cuvieria Cuvier 1817
No full textCeto cuvieria (Cuvier, 1817) Table 1, Figures 1 a–c. Synonymies. See Pawson (1971 b). Material examined. South Australia, Nuyts Archipelago, Egg Island, 32 º 28 'S 133 º 19 'E, N. Coleman, 1970 / 1971, NMV F 97058 (1); Investigator Strait, 35 º 29 'S 137 º 18 'E, J.E. Watson, Jan 1971, NMV F 96709 (4); West Island, 35 º 36 'S 138 º 35 'E, 24 m, J.E. Watson, 12 Jan 1971, NMV F 96712 (2). Diagnosis. As for the genus Ceto (see above). Color (live). Dark brown to black and white. Distribution. Southeast of Flinders I., South Australia to Shark Bay, Western Australia, from 15– 66 m. Distribution taken from Australian Biological Resources Study (2011), where the distribution for Ceto cuvieria listed in Rowe & Gates (1995) is corrected based on species records coming from Flinders I., South Australia, not Flinders I., Tasmania. Remarks. Ceto Gistel is a monotypic genus. For synonymy and revised descriptions for Ceto cuvieria (Cuvier), see Pawson (1971 b) and O’Loughlin & Maric (2008). To the review of Ceto cuvieria by Pawson, we add a live specimen photograph. Ceto cuvieria is distinguished morphologically from other species of Psolidae by a combination of: radial oral valves; leathery skin covering the body wall scales; 15 tentacles; higher than usual number of Polian vesicles (up to 28 recorded).Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
Psolus springthorpei Mackenzie & Whitfield, 2011, sp. nov.
No full textPsolus springthorpei sp. nov. Table 1, Figures 6 a–f. Material examined. Holotype. Queensland, North East of Sandy Cape, 24 º 28 ' 12 ''S 153 º 31 ' 12 ''E, rock, coarse sand and shell, 1330–1380 m, HMAS Kimbla stn 17, P.H. Colman, G. Hangay and S.J. Keable, 8 Jul 1984, AM J 23014. Paratype. Type locality, depth and collection date, AM J 24095 (1). Description. Psolus species up to 28 mm long, 17 mm wide and 5 mm high (holotype, preserved); elongate, oval form with very low profile, slightly elevated oral and anal cones; 5 large oral scales interspersed with smaller digitiform scales, all pointed apically, and smaller encroaching scales at base, no clear demarcation between body wall scales and oral scales, discrete anal cone with very small scales up to 1 mm long; tentacles 10, 8 large, 2 small ventrally; dorso-lateral scales up to 5 mm long and smooth microscopically, ventral margin scales small, 1–3 mm long, sole bare mid-ventrally, surrounded by an inner series (zig-zag to double-row) of larger tube feet separated by ribbed skirting from a peripheral single series of distinctly smaller tube feet. Large multi-layered dorso-lateral ossicles (scales) up to 2.24 mm long, with rare thick, smooth, perforated plates (broken, up to 256 µ m). Sole ossicles irregular smooth plates with occasional knobbed margins, typically 130–180 µ m long, with 2 or more round to oval perforations. Colour (preserved). Uneven brown to dark brown dorsally, white translucent sole. Distribution. Australia, Queensland, NE of Sandy Cape; 1330–1380 m. Etymology. Named for Roger Springthorpe (Marine Invertebrate Section, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Australian Museum), with appreciation of his gracious assistance with loan material and data for this research. Remarks. Psolus springthorpei sp. nov. is distinguished morphologically from other Australian Psolus species by a combination of: microscopically smooth dorso-lateral scales, flattened profile with slightly elevated oral and anal cones, smaller digitiform oral scales between the 5 larger and more regular scales, and uneven brown colouration on dorsal scales.Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27877
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