122,247 research outputs found
Tests of gravitational symmetries with radio pulsars
No full textSymmetries play important roles in modern theories of physical laws. In this paper, we review several experimental tests of important symmetries associated with the gravitational interaction, including the universality of free fall for self-gravitating bodies, time-shift symmetry in the gravitational constant, local position invariance and local Lorentz invariance of gravity, and spacetime translational symmetries. Recent experimental explorations for post-Newtonian gravity are discussed, of which, those from pulsar astronomy are highlighted. All of these tests, of very different aspects of gravity theories, at very different length scales, favor to very high precision the predictions of the strong equivalence principle (SEP) and, in particular, general relativity which embodies SEP completely. As the founding principles of gravity, these symmetries are motivated to be promoted to even stricter tests in future.SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
End-capping of conjugated thiophene-benzene aromatic systems
No full textThe synthesis of end-capped thieno[3,2-f:4,5-f′]bis[1]benzothiophene was achieved from thiophene and 2,5-thiophenedicarboxaldehyde. Specifically, hexyl and dodecyl end-capping groups conferred reversible redox behavior as evidenced by cyclic voltammetry with oxidation potentials of 0.73 V versus Fc-Fc+ couple. An extensive spectrophotometric analysis is reported. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Barrash-Shiftan N, 1998, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V11, P743, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1099-1395(1998100)11:10743::AID-POC393.0.CO;2-H; BAUERLE P, 1993, SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART, P1099, DOI 10.1055-s-1993-26009; Brusso JL, 2008, CHEM MATER, V20, P2484, DOI 10.1021-cm7030653; Coropceanu V, 2006, CHEM-EUR J, V12, P2073, DOI 10.1002-chem.200500879; Degheili JA, 2009, J PHYS CHEM A, V113, P1244, DOI 10.1021-jp8098363; Fichou D., 1999, HDB OLIGO POLYTHIOPH; Gao P, 2010, CHEM-EUR J, V16, P5119, DOI 10.1002-chem.200903562; Hains AW, 2010, ACS APPL MATER INTER, V2, P175, DOI 10.1021-am900634a; Helgesen M, 2010, MACROMOLECULES, V43, P1253, DOI 10.1021-ma9024812; Horowitz G, 2004, J MATER RES, V19, P1946, DOI 10.1557-JMR.2004.0266; Kagan C. R., 2003, THIN FILM TRANSISTOR; KALYANASUNDARAM K, 1977, J AM CHEM SOC, V99, P2039, DOI 10.1021-ja00449a004; Lakowicz J. R., 1999, PRINCIPLES FLUORESCE; LIPPERT E, 1957, Z ELEKTROCHEM, V61, P962; MATAGA N, 1956, B CHEM SOC JPN, V29, P465, DOI 10.1246-bcsj.29.465; Miyazaki E, 2009, J MATER CHEM, V19, P5913, DOI 10.1039-b910824f; MIYAZAKI E, 2008, Patent No. 2008108442; Moustafa RM, 2009, J PHYS CHEM A, V113, P1235, DOI 10.1021-jp809830x; Parker C.A., 1968, PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SO; Reichardt C., 1988, SOLVENTS SOLVENT EFF; REICHARDT C, 1994, CHEM REV, V94, P2319, DOI 10.1021-cr00032a005; SARAF SD, 1974, J MATH SCI, V1, P75; Shinamura S, 2010, J ORG CHEM, V75, P1228, DOI 10.1021-jo902545a; Shyamala T, 2006, CHEM PHYS, V330, P469, DOI 10.1016-j.chemphys.2006.09.018; Singh TB, 2006, ANNU REV MATER RES, V36, P199, DOI 10.1146-annurev.matsci.36.022805.094757; Subuddhi U, 2006, PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI, V5, P459, DOI 10.1039-b600009f; Wex B, 2006, J MATER CHEM, V16, P1121, DOI 10.1039-b512191d; Wex B, 2006, J PHYS CHEM A, V110, P13754, DOI 10.1021-jp065548s; Wex B, 2005, J ORG CHEM, V70, P4502, DOI 10.1021-jo048010w; Wex B, 2004, J ORG CHEM, V69, P2197, DOI 10.1021-jo035769j; Xia CJ, 2002, ORG LETT, V4, P2067, DOI 10.1021-ol025943a0
Altering the emission behavior with the turn of a thiophene ring: The photophysics of condensed ring systems of alternating benzenes and thiophenes
No full textSix aromatic compounds with embedded thiophenes differing in the number of rings (2-5) and thiophene orientation along the long axis of the molecule (syn, anti) were investigated. Photophysical properties, steady-state absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, lifetimes, quantum yields, and a comprehensive time-resolved spectroscopic analysis (femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy) have been studied as a function of molecular structure. © 2006 American Chemical Society.Aaron JJ, 2002, J FLUORESC, V12, P231, DOI 10.1023-A:1016869002735; Abdel-Shafi AA, 2005, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V172, P170, DOI 10.1016-j.photochem.2004.12.006; AGGARWAL N, 1979, ORG PREP PROCED INT, V11, P247; Becker RS, 1996, J PHYS CHEM-US, V100, P18683, DOI 10.1021-jp960852e; BEIMLING P, 1986, CHEM BER-RECL, V119, P3198, DOI 10.1002-cber.19861191025; Berlman I. B., 1971, HDB FLUORESCENCE SPE; BONNIER JM, 1970, J CHIM PHYS PCB, V67, P571; DAVYDOV SN, 1981, RUSS J PHYS CHEM, V55, P444; de Melo JS, 2003, J CHEM PHYS, V118, P1550, DOI 10.1063-1.1528604; de Melo JS, 2003, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V77, P121; Fichou D., 1999, HDB OLIGO POLYTHIOPH; FLICKER WM, 1976, J CHEM PHYS, V64, P1315, DOI 10.1063-1.432397; GENTILI PL, 2004, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V3, P881; Hadziioannou G, 2000, SEMICONDUCTING POLYM; Jabbarzadeh B, 1997, SPECTROSC LETT, V30, P1279, DOI 10.1080-00387019708006723; KIMURA O, 1988, Patent No. 63122727; Kunugi Y, 2004, J MATER CHEM, V14, P1367, DOI 10.1039-b401209g; Lap DV, 1997, J PHYS CHEM A, V101, P107, DOI 10.1021-jp961670n; Laquindanum JG, 1997, ADV MATER, V9, P36, DOI 10.1002-adma.19970090106; Luman CR, 2003, PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL, V77, P510, DOI 10.1562-0031-8655(2003)0770510:LOFLIS2.0.CO;2; Meng H, 2005, J AM CHEM SOC, V127, P2406, DOI 10.1021-ja043189d; Merzlikine AG, 2004, PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI, V3, P892, DOI 10.1039-b404580g; Murov S., 1993, HDB PHOTOCHEMISTRY; Nijegorodov N, 2001, SPECTROCHIM ACTA A, V57, P1449, DOI 10.1016-S1386-1425(00)00488-1; Pan HL, 2006, CHEM MATER, V18, P3237, DOI 10.1021-cm0602592; Perepichka IF, 2005, ADV MATER, V17, P2281, DOI 10.1002-adma.200500461; Perkampus H.-H, 1992, US VIS ATLAS ORGANIC; POMERANTZ M, 1994, MATER RES SOC SYMP P, V328, P227; Rentsch S, 1999, PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS, V1, P1707, DOI 10.1039-a808617f; RYASHENTSEVA MA, 1988, IZV AKAD NAUK SSSR, V12, P2857; THYRION FC, 1973, J PHYS CHEM-US, V77, P1478, DOI 10.1021-j100631a002; TUROO N, 1991, MODERN MOL PHOTOCHEM; Wex B, 2006, J MATER CHEM, V16, P1121, DOI 10.1039-b512191d; Wex B, 2005, J ORG CHEM, V70, P4502, DOI 10.1021-jo048010w; Wex B, 2004, J ORG CHEM, V69, P2197, DOI 10.1021-jo035769j; WYNBERG H, 1970, J ORG CHEM, V35, P711, DOI 10.1021-jo00828a037; YOSHIDA S, 1994, J ORG CHEM, V59, P3077, DOI 10.1021-jo00090a027; ZANDER M, 1987, Z NATURFORSCH A, V42, P735; ZANDER M, 1985, Z NATURFORSCH A, V40, P497; ZANDER M, 1989, Z NATURFORSCH A, V44, P205119
Hoechst de 1863 à nos jours : Anna Elisabeth Schreier, Manuela Wex, Chronik der Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft 1863-1988
No full textJulien Pierre. Hoechst de 1863 à nos jours : Anna Elisabeth Schreier, Manuela Wex, Chronik der Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft 1863-1988. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 79ᵉ année, n°289, 1991. p. 230
Hoechst de 1863 à nos jours : Anna Elisabeth Schreier, Manuela Wex, Chronik der Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft 1863-1988
No full textJulien Pierre. Hoechst de 1863 à nos jours : Anna Elisabeth Schreier, Manuela Wex, Chronik der Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft 1863-1988. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 79ᵉ année, n°289, 1991. p. 230
Geometry of a large-scale, low-angle, midcrustal thrust (Woodroffe Thrust, central Australia)
No full textThe Musgrave Block in central Australia exposes numerous large-scale mylonitic shear zones
developed during the intracontinental Petermann Orogeny around 560–520 Ma. The most prominent
structure is the crustal-scale, over 600 km long, E-W trending Woodroffe Thrust, which is broadly undulate but
generally dips shallowly to moderately to the south and shows an approximately top-to-north sense of
movement. The estimated metamorphic conditions of mylonitization indicate a regional variation from
predominantly midcrustal (circa 520–620°C and 0.8–1.1 GPa) to lower crustal (~650°C and 1.0–1.3 GPa) levels
in the direction of thrusting, which is also reflected in the distribution of preserved deformation
microstructures. This variation in metamorphic conditions is consistent with a south dipping thrust plane but
is only small, implying that a ≥60 km long N-S segment of the Woodroffe Thrust was originally shallowly
dipping at an average estimated angle of ≤6°. The reconstructed geometry suggests that basement-cored,
thick-skinned, midcrustal thrusts can be very shallowly dipping on a scale of many tens of kilometers in the
direction of movement. Such a geometry would require the rocks along the thrust to be weak, but field
observations (e.g., large volumes of syntectonic pseudotachylyte) argue for a strong behavior, at least
transiently. Localization on a low-angle, near-planar structure that crosscuts lithological layers requires a weak
precursor, such as a seismic rupture in the middle to lower crust. If this was a single event, the intracontinental
earthquake must have been large, with the rupture extending laterally over hundreds of kilometers
Representative phase contrast images of control, 0.2% or 0,5% ASH-WEX and RA treated cells, in which motility was analyzed by Wound-scratch test (a).
No full text<p>Images show the starting (0 h after scratch) and the end (24 h after scratch) point of the analysis. (b) Graph shows that the rate of IMR-32 migration in response to ASH-WEX treatment in comparison to untreated cells. Data are obtained from a set of scratch test analysis (N = 3) and are expressed as means ± standard error. Representative MMP zymogram from control and treated samples and their densometery analysis is represented as histogram (c). mRNA expression for MMP2 and MMP9 was analyzed by RT-PCR. Relative percentage expression was expressed as histogram (d). “*” represents the statistical significant (p<0.05) difference between control and ASH-WEX treated groups.</p
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Weak and Slow, Strong and Fast: How Shear Zones Evolve in a Dry Continental Crust (Musgrave Ranges, Central Australia)
No full textThe strike-slip Davenport Shear Zone in Central Australia developed during the Petermann Orogeny (~550 Ma) in an intracontinental lower crustal setting under dry subeclogite facies conditions (~650 °C, 1.2 GPa). This approximately 5-km-wide mylonite zone encloses several large low-strain domains, allowing a detailed study of the initiation of shear zones and their progressive development. Quartzo-feldspathic gneisses and granitoids contain compositional layers, such as quartz-rich pegmatites, mafic bands, and dykes, which should preferentially localize viscous deformation if favorably orientated. This is not observed, except for long, continuous, and fine-grained dolerite dykes. Instead, many shear zones, typically a few millimeters to centimeters in width but extending for tens of meters, commonly exploited pseudotachylytes and are sometimes parallel to a network of little overprinted fractures. The recrystallized mineral assemblage in the sheared pseudotachylyte is similar to that in the host gneiss, without associated hydration due to fluid-rock interaction. Lack of localization in quartz-rich, coarser-grained (typically >50 μm) rocks compared to mafic dykes, precursor fractures, and pseudotachylytes implies that localization in the dry lower crust preferentially occurs along elongate, planar fine-grained layers. Transient high stress repeatedly initiated fractures, providing finer-grained, weaker, planar precursors that localized subsequent ductile shear zones. This intimate interplay between brittle and ductile deformation suggests a local source for lower crustal earthquakes, rather than downward migration of earthquakes from the shallower, usually more seismogenic part of the crust
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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