61 research outputs found
Análisis, diseño y solución del módulo de Planificación de Producción de SAP R/3 para una empresa del sector naval
No full text[ES] El módulo de Planificación de la Producción, perteneciente al ERP SAP R/3, es una
de las implantaciones más recurrentes en el mundo de las empresas del sector
industrial. El objetivo general fue identificar las necesidades requeridas de la empresa
naval y posteriormente diseñar una solución acorde a los requerimientos suscritos;
dando lugar a la implantación del resultado diseñado y el posterior funcionamiento de
éste. La información necesaria para la elaboración del trabajo fue suministrada a través
de la empresa consultora responsable del proyecto y en la que se realizaron las
prácticas de empresa.[CA] El mòdul de Planificació de la Producció, pertanyent a l'ERP SAP R/3, és una de les
implantacions més recurrents en el món de les empreses del sector industrial.
L'objectiu general va ser identificar les necessitats requerides de l'empresa naval i
posteriorment dissenyar una solució d'acord amb els requeriments subscrits; donant
lloc a la implantació del resultat dissenyat i el posterior funcionament d'este. La
informació necessària per a l'elaboració del treball va ser subministrada a través de
l'empresa consultora responsable del projecte i en la que es van realitzar les pràctiques
d'empresa.[EN] The Production Planning module, belonging to the ERP SAP R/3, is one of the most
recurrent implementations in the world of companies from the industrial sector. The
general objective was to identify the required needs of the naval company and later on
to design a solution according to the subscribed requirements. Giving rise to the
implantation of the designed result and the subsequent performance. The information
needed for the preparation of the work was provided through the consulting company
responsible for the project and the internship program the author was involved.Navarro Benjumea, J. (2017). Análisis, diseño y solución del módulo de Planificación de Producción de SAP R/3 para una empresa del sector naval. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/80038.TFG
X-Ray Micro Tomography of Water Absorption by Superabsorbent Polymers in Mortar
No full textSuperabsorbent Polymers (SAP) have been recently subject of investigation as smart admixtures for cement-based materials. The properties of these polymers enable their use for internal curing, increasing freeze/thaw resistance, boosting autogenous self-healing and providing a crack self-sealing effect in cementitious composites. Except for the earliest application, the functioning of these beneficial effects invloves the absorption by the polymers of ingress water in the hardened cementitious matrix and later release, as well as their capacity to complete multiple absorption/desorption cycles. In this work, the absorption of water in mortar with superabsorbent polymers is monitored during the first 60 min of absorption through micro-CT. The experimental series included the presence of cracks. The registration and differentiation of sub-minute (18 s) scans enabled the individuation of bulk water content distribution in the mortar with a resolution of 55 μm. The swollen volume of SAP could also be quantified and studied in time. The results point out that although embedded SAP absorb water from the matrix, this absorption is slow and reduced with respect to water absorption during mixing for the used SAP. Same effect is observed for SAP in the cracks.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Materials and Environmen
Microfibres and hydrogels to promote autogenous healing in cementitious materials
No full textCementitious materials are sensitive to crack formation and it would be beneficial if the material could stop the crack propagation, repair the damage and reach again the original liquid-tightness and/or strength. Therefore, a cementitious material with synthetic microfibres and superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) is proposed. Upon crack formation, the microfibres will become active and due to the bridging action, they will stop the opening of a crack, forcing the cementitious material to crack somewhere else. There, other fibres will become active. In this way, not one large crack, but several small healable cracks are formed.
Further cement hydration and calcium carbonate precipitation will seal the crack if sufficient building blocks and water are present. The building blocks are available through the well-designed mixture with a low water-to-binder (W/B) ratio and water is available through the inclusion of SAPs. These polymers are able to extract moisture from the environment and to provide it to the cementitious matrix for autogenous healing. This healing will lead to the regain in mechanical properties.
In this paper, the formed products are studied by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy. The healing efficiency was evaluated by reloading cracked and healed specimens and by comparing the new mechanical properties with the original properties.
The crack width was limited to 50 μm at 1% strain. While specimens without SAPs showed a regain of mechanical properties of 40-55% in wet/dry cycles, specimens with SAPs showed a total regain of 80-95%. Even in humid air, those specimens show partial healing of 35-55%. SAP B, a cross-linked potassium salt polyacrylate, showed better healing properties compared to SAP A, a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate. The smart mate with SAP B thus is an excellent material to use in future building applications
Projectaanpak nieuwbouw hoofdkantoor
No full textADMS is gevraagd om advies uit te brengen aan Rabo Vastgoed over het proces van realisatie van een nieuw hoofdkantoor voor de buitenlandse werkzaamheden van Rabobank en van de Duitse DG bank, waar Rabobank een joint venture mee zal aangaan.De geformuleerde probleemstelling luidt als volgt. Hoe kan Rabo Vastgoed het proces van realisering van een nieuw hoofdkantoor optimaal aansturen? Naar aanleiding van deze vraag zijn organisatieanalyses opgesteld van zowel Rabobank als de Duitse partner. Vervolgens wordt ingegaan op verschillende adviesgebieden ten aanzien van de realisatie van het hoofdkantoor. In hoofdstuk 2 wordt de gewenste projectorganisatie besproken. Hierbij komen zowel de organisatievorm als de structuur aan de orde. Hoofdstuk 3 gaat in op de ontwikkeling van het programma van eisen. Aan de orde komen hierbij een begripsbepaling, de eisen en wensen van Rabo Vastgoed en de onderzoeksvragen ten aanzien van het proces en het object. Voor het proces luiden deze:1.Wat zijn de sturingsmogelijkheden van de opdrachtgever, ten aanzien van de a)organisatie van het procesverloop;b)besluitvorming in het proces;c)controle en toetsing gedurende het proces;d)inspraak van de internationale aandeelhouderse)medewerkersparticipatie.Ten aanzien van het object luiden deze:2.Hoe kan tot een conceptoplossing voor de huisvesting van de opdrachtgever gekomen worden, zonder daarbij de cultuur, het proces, de status en de identiteit van de organisatie uit het oog te verliezen?3.Bestaat er een methode / model dat een huisvestingsanalyse en een conceptoplossing aanlevert dat dan vertaald kan worden in eisen en wensen van het PvE? 4.Hoe kan een optimale proceskwaliteit bij het opstellen van het PvE en een optimale productkwaliteit van het gerealiseerde PvE verkregen worden
Anàlisi genètica i funcional de la migranya hemiplègica i la migranya comuna
No full text[cat] Aquesta tesi es centra en la genètica de la migranya. La migranya comuna és un trastorn neurològic caracteritzat per episodis recurrents de mal de cap. Els criteris de la IHS (International Headache Society) subclasifiquen la malaltia en migranya amb aura (MA) i migranya sense aura (MO). L'aura són símptomes neurològics transitoris que poden acompanyar el mal de cap. Les aures més freqüents són les aures visuals, tot i que també existeixen les aures sensorials essent l'aura hemiplègica la seva forma severa. La nostra investigació es va dividir en dues areas d'acord amb la base genètica dels trastorns, d'una banda, s'ha estudiat la genètica complexa de la migranya comuna, d'altra banda s'ha estudiat una forma rara de la migranya que presenta una herència mendeliana anomenada migranya hemiplègica familiar (FHM).
Per entendre més la base genètica de la migranya comuna es va utilitzar un estudi d'associació tipus cas-control amb gens candidats. Amb aquesta finalitat es van seleccionar al voltant de 550 pacients amb migranya (MA i MO) i el seu corresponent grup de control. Per tal d'analitzar la seva implicació en la susceptibilitat genètica a la migranya, es van triar gens que codifiquen per als canals de la superfamília heterogeni de potencial receptor transitori (Transient Receptor Potential- TRP) que se sap que estan implicats en les vies nociceptives. Aquesta feina ha donat lloc a una publicació (Carreño et al. SNP variants within the vanilloid TRPV1 and TRPV3 receptor genes are associated with migraine in the Spanish population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2012).
En el cas particular de les formes monogèniques de FHM es coneixen tres gens involucrats en la malatia (CACNA1A, ATP1A2 i SCN1A), les proteïnes codificades per aquests gens tenen un paper rellevant en la neurotransmissió del glutamat. L'anàlisi funcional de les mutacions que causen FHM han mostrat en última instància un augment de l'alliberament de la neurotransmissió. En el cas de mutacions al CACNA1A s'ha vist un efecte de guany de funció, a diferència de les mutacions al ATP1A2 que presenten un efecte de pèrdua de funció. En aquest treball s'ha fet un screening mutacional per identificar mutacions en pacients per seqüenciació directa. Quan les mutacions eren suficientment interessants s'han generat construccions en vectors d'expressió per subseqüents estudis funcionals en cèl·lules eucariotes. Aquesta feina ha donat lloc a tres publicacions. A la primera (Serra et al. A mutation in the first intracellular loop of CACNA1A prevents P/Q channel modulation by SNARE proteins and lowers exocytosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010) es va identificar un canvi que modula la funció del canal de CACNA1A. Aquest estudi ajuda a explicar la contribució genètica en la heterogeneïtat clínica d'una família i a entendre millor el mecanisme molecular dels canals de calci tipus P/Q. El segon (Carreño et al. Acute striatal necrosis in hemiplegic migraine with the novo CACNA1A mutation. Headache. 2011) és un informe d'un pacient que presenta una necrosi aguda stratial. Té una rellevància clínica a causa de l'aparició primerenca dels símptomes neurològics previs als atacs hemiplègics. El tercer i últim treball (Carreño et al. Screening of the ATP1A2 and CACNA1A genes in patients with hemiplegic migraine: clinical, genetic and functional studies. [work in progress]) recull l'screening mutacional al gens ATP1A2 i CACNA1A en 19 pacients amb FHM. Es van identificar 5 mutacions prèviament descrites i dues mutacions noves.[eng] This Thesis is focused in migraine genetics, migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache. This research was divided in two areas according to the genetic basis of the disorders; on the one hand we studied the common migraine with a complex genetics, on the other hand we studied the rare mendelian forms of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM).
To understand more the genetic basis of the common migraine a case-control association study approach was used with candidate genes. For that purpose, around 550 patients with migraine and their corresponding control group were selected. In order to analyze their involvement in the genetic susceptibility to migraine, we chose genes encoding for channels of the heterogeneous superfamily of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) which are known to be involved in the nociceptive pathway.
In the particular case of FHM, a monogenic form of the disorder, there are three genes known to be involved in the FHM (CACNA1A, ATP1A2 and SCN1A), whose encoded proteins are playing a relevant role in the neurotransmission of the glutamate. Functional analysis of the mutations causing FHM have shown ultimately an increased neurotransmission release. CACNA1A previous studies reveled a gain-of-function effect from FHM mutations, unlike mutations on ATP1A2 that present a loss-of-function effect. Our work consisted on identifying mutations in patients by direct sequencing. If the mutations were interesting enough vector constructions were generated for functional studies in eukaryotic cells. This work gave rise to three publications: First; the identification of a change that modulates the function of the CACNA1A channel. This study contributes to explain the genetic contribution in the clinical heterogeneity of one family and to know more about the molecular mechanism of the P/Q calcium channel. Second; a report of a patient that presents an acute stratial necrosis that had clinical relevance because of the early onset of the neurological symptoms previous to the hemiplegic attacks. Third; a mutational screening of ATP1A2 and CACNA1A genes in 19 patients with FHM. 5 previously described mutations and two new mutations were found. Functional studies were carried out for the newly mutations
Mitigation of the Urban Heat Island effect by using water and vegetation
No full textUrban areas are confronted with higher temperatures compared to rural areas during summer. Buildings, roads and paved surfaces store the heat during the day and then release it slowly during the evening keeping urban lands hotter than surrounding areas. This phenomenon is called Urban Heat Island effect and the differences can be up to 8°C. A rise in mortality and decrease of work productivity are only some of the consequences. To see if and how vegetation, and water can mitigate this urban heat island effect, measurements are done in the city of Rotterdam, using temperature sensors, sap flow measurements and DTS by fiber optic cables. Measurement results of the temperature sensors show that temperature differences between an urban area and a small park within this urban area can be 3°C, when air temperatures are 25°C. Under these circumstances, temperature in the park is equal to the temperature measured outside the city, meaning that the urban heat island effect is abolished in the park. The results also shows that the urban heat island intensity for the city of Rotterdam is the largest during the night and can be up to 7°C. Trees can help mitigate the UHI by evaporating sap which is transported through the trunk to the leaves. The measurements show an increase of sap flow going further in the growing season, starting from about 10 liter per day towards over 500 liters a day. When this amount of water is divided by the surface area of the tree crown, the considered trees can evaporate 4.5 mm/day. The cooling effect of surface water is hard to measure, mainly because it is not possible to compare the temperature just above the water surface with temperatures above paved surface at the same time. It can be seen that water is a good mitigation measure, because DTS measurements show that a minimum of 14% of daily incoming solar energy is absorbed by surface water. DTS show also that the cooling effect of trees can be up to 5°C, partly by providing shade and partly by evaporation of water through the leaves. The same measurements show that the cooling effect by shade of trees is larger compared to the cooling effect by shade of buildings. When water evaporates form a paved surface this results in a decrease of air temperature. The measurements show that this decrease can be 2°C close to the ground when 1 mm of water evaporates and up to 6°C close to the ground when an infinite amount of water is available. Towards a height of 2 meter, the cooling effect decreases to 1°C and 2°C respectively. The directly measureable cooling effect of vegetation is larger than the cooling effect of water. This is mainly caused by the fact that a large part of the cooling effect of trees is provided by shade, which is of course absent with water. Nevertheless, water is a good mitigating factor of the UHI. Surface water is very use full to absorb incoming solar energy.Water ResourcesWater ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Modelling latent trends from spatio-temporally grouped data using composite link mixed models
No full textEpidemiological data are frequently recorded at coarse spatio-temporal resolutions. The aggregation process is done for several reasons: to protect confidential patients' information, to compare with other datasets at a coarser resolution than the original, or to summarize data in a compact manner. However, we lose detailed patterns that follow the original data, which can be of interest for researchers and public health officials. In this paper we propose the use of the penalized composite link model (Eilers, 2007), together with its mixed model representation, to estimate the underlying trend behind grouped data at a finer spatio-temporal resolution. Also, this model allows the incorporation of fine-scale population into the estimation procedure. We assume the underlying trend is smooth across space and time. The mixed model representation enables the use of sophisticated algorithms such as the SAP algorithm of RodríguezÁlvarez et al. (2015) for fast estimation of the amount of smoothness. We illustrate our proposal with the analysis of data obtained during the largest outbreak of Q fever in the Netherlands.The first and the second authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish
Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grants MTM2011-28285-C02-02 and MTM2014-52184-P.
The third author acknowledges financial support from the Basque Government through the BERC
2014-2017 program and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO: BCAM
Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation SEV-2013-0323
Influence of tree age and variety on allometric characteristics and water use of Mangifera indica L. growing in plantation
No full textData on water relations and growth characteristics of mango trees needed for productive plantation management are currently lacking in West Africa. Relationships between allometric properties and water use in mango trees were examined. In addition, the effects on allometric characteristics and xylem sap flow were investigated in a mixed varieties plantation. Tree age explained more than 92% of the variation in stem diameter, over 96% of the variation in height, over 92% of the variation in crown diameter, and more than 97% of the variation in leaf area index of the 60 mango trees sampled. Water use increased from 1.01?kg?d?1 to 156.7?kg?d?1 from the 2- to the 33-year-old trees for a typical bright day. Sap flow was highly correlated with age under different sky conditions. A power function relating daily sap flow to age yielded an ? 2 of 0.98 for bright days and 0.87 when combined with rainy day data. The water use and growth parameters of the three cultivars were generally not significantly different. This paper has implications for mango productivity and for orchard water management in potentially dry areas of West Africa.Water ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Extrapolating continuous vegetation water content to understand sub-daily backscatter variations
No full textMicrowave observations are sensitive to vegetation water content (VWC). Consequently, the increasing temporal and spatial resolution of spaceborne microwave observations creates a unique opportunity to study vegetation water dynamics and its role in the diurnal water cycle. However, we currently have a limited understanding of sub-daily variations in the VWC and how they affect microwave observations. This is partly due to the challenges associated with measuring internal VWC for validation, particularly non-destructively, and at timescales of less than a day. In this study, we aimed to (1) use field sensors to reconstruct diurnal and continuous records of internal VWC of corn and (2) use these records to interpret the sub-daily behaviour of a 10 d time series of polarimetric L-band backscatter with high temporal resolution. Sub-daily variations in internal VWC were calculated based on the cumulative difference between estimated transpiration and sap flow rates at the base of the stems. Destructive samples were used to constrain the estimates and for validation. The inclusion of continuous surface canopy water estimates (dew or interception) and surface soil moisture allowed us to attribute hour-to-hour backscatter dynamics either to internal VWC, surface canopy water, or soil moisture variations. Our results showed that internal VWC varied by 10 %–20 % during the day in non-stressed conditions, and the effect on backscatter was significant. Diurnal variations in internal VWC and nocturnal dew formation affected vertically polarized backscatter most. Moreover, multiple linear regression suggested that the diurnal cycle of VWC on a typical dry day leads to a 2 (HH, horizontally, and cross-polarized) to almost 4 (VV, vertically, polarized) times higher diurnal backscatter variation than the soil moisture drydown does. These results demonstrate that radar observations have the potential to provide unprecedented insight into the role of vegetation water dynamics in land–atmosphere interactions at sub-daily timescales.Water ResourcesMathematical Geodesy and Positionin
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