196,789 research outputs found
No long-term weight maintenance effects of gelatin in a supra-sustained protein diet
No full textIn the short-term, gelatin showed stronger hunger suppression and less energy intake compared with other proteins. This study investigated if a supra-sustained gelatin-milk protein (GMP) diet improves weight maintenance (WM) compared with a sustained milk protein (SMP) diet and supra-sustained milk protein (SSMP) diet during a 4-months WM period after 8-week weight loss (WL) in sixty-five healthy subjects (28.6+/-3.4kg/m(2); 44+/-10years). Absolute protein intake was kept constant (sustained) throughout per subject. Diets were: protein(P)/fat(F)/carbohydrate(C): 15/40/45% of energy (En%) (SMP) and 30/25/45 En% (SSMP or GMP) for weeks 9-16. Diets on weeks 17-24: P/F/C: 30/35/35 En% (SMP) and 60/5/35 En% (SSMP or GMP). From weeks 8 to 16, and weeks 16 to 24, changes in BMI were similar between the GMP (-0.4+/-0.6 and 0.3+/-0.7kg/m(2) respectively), and the SMP (-0.7+/-0.9 and 0.1+/-0.7kg/m(2) respectively) and SSMP (-0.6+/-0.6 and 0.3+/-0.6kg/m(2) respectively) diets. Sparing of fat free mass (FFM): increases/decreases in FFM%/fat-mass% from weeks 8 to 16 were similar between the GMP and both control diets, and maintained from weeks 16 to 24. In conclusion, all 3 diets resulted in a successful WM period, while a GMP diet does not improve body weight maintenance and related variables after weight loss compared with a SMP and SSMP diet.A. Hochstenbach-Waelen, K.R. Westerterp, S. Soenen, M.S. Westerterp-Planteng
Proteins and satiety: implications for weight management
No full textAbstract not availableStijn Soenen, Margriet S Westerterp-Planteng
Methanol synthesis in a countercurrent gas-solid-solid trickle flow reactor. An experimental study
No full textThe synthesis of methanol from CO and H2 was executed in a gas-solid-solid trickle flow reactor. The reactor consisted of three tubular reactor sections with cooling sections in between. The catalyst was Cu on alumina, the adsorbent was a silica-alumina powder and the experimental range 498–523 K, 5.0–6.3 MPa and 0.2–0.33 molar fraction of CO. Complete conversion in one pass was achieved for stoichiometric feed rates, so that the gas outlet could be closed. The experimental results are compared with the model presented in the previous paper [Westerterp, K.R. and Kuczynski, M. (1987) Chem. Engng Sci.42,]; agreement is close over the entire conversion range from 15% to 100%
Habitual meal frequency in relation to resting and activity-induced energy expenditure in human subjects: the role of fat-free mass
No full textHabitual meal frequency in relation to resting and activity-induced energy expenditure in human subjects: the role of fat-free mass. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Goris AH, Meijer EP, Westerterp KR. Department of Human Biology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. [email protected] Habitual meal frequency was assessed as a possible function of components of energy expenditure (EE) in human subjects. Fifty-six subjects participated (four categories differing in body composition): ten older women (fat-free mass (FFM) 42.0 (sd 6.3) kg, aged 59 (sd 2) years, BMI 27.5 (sd 6.9) kg/m(2)), fifteen younger women (FFM 45.5 (sd 5.2) kg, aged 34 (sd 10) years, BMI 21.9 (sd 2.3) kg/m(2)), twelve older men (FFM 56.8 (sd 5.9) kg, aged 62 (sd 4) years, BMI 25.7 (sd 3.3) kg/m(2)) and nineteen younger men (FFM 63.9 (sd 7.5) kg, aged 23.1 (sd 3.9) years, BMI 22.9 (sd 1.8) kg/m(2)). Measurements consisted of habitual meal frequency by validated food-intake diaries, physical activity by tri-axial accelerometers and resting EE by a ventilated hood system. Habitual meal frequency was expressed as a function of resting EE (including resting EE as a function of FFM), and of activity-induced EE, using regression analysis. FFM differed according to gender and age categories (P<0.01). Physical activity level was higher in the younger men than in the other categories (P<0.05). No relationship of meal frequency with the variables assessed was observed in subjects with a low FFM (the women). In the subjects with a medium FFM (the older men), meal frequency was positively related to resting EE (r(2) 0.4, P<0.05), but not to the residuals of resting EE as a function of FFM, and inversely related to activity-induced EE (r(2) 0.3, P<0.05). Resting EE explained 40 % of the variation in meal frequency; adding activity-induced EE increased this to 60 %. In the subjects with a high FFM (the younger men), meal frequency was inversely related to resting EE (r(2) 0.8, P<0.0001) and to the residuals of resting EE as a function of FFM (P=0.03), and positively related to activity-induced EE (r(2) 0.6, P<0.0001). Resting EE explained 85 % of the variation in meal frequency; adding activity-induced EE increased this to 89 %. Habitual meal frequency was a function of components of EE, namely resting EE and activity-induced EE, only in subjects with a medium to high FFM (men). FFM-related differences in these relationships suggest a role of physical activit
Relatively high-protein or 'low-carb' energy-restricted diets for body weight loss and body weight maintenance?
No full textAbstract not availableStijn Soenen, Alberto G. Bonomi, Sofie G.T. Lemmens, Jolande Scholte, Myriam A.M.A. Thijssen, Frank van Berkum and Margriet S. Westerterp-Planteng
No differences in satiety or energy intake after high-fructose corn syrup, sucrose, or milk preloads
No full textBackgroundIt is unclear whether energy-containing drinks, especially those sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), promote positive energy balance and thereby play a role in the development of obesity.ObjectiveThe objective was to examine the satiating effects of HFCS and sucrose in comparison with milk and a diet drink.DesignThe effects of four 800-mL drinks [corrected] containing no energy or 1.5 MJ from sucrose, HFCS, or milk on satiety were assessed, first in 15 men and 15 women with a mean (+/-SD) body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) of 22.1 +/- 1.9 according to visual analogue scales (VAS) and blood variables and second in 20 men and 20 women (BMI: 22.4 +/- 2.1) according to ingestion of a standardized ad libitum meal (granola cereal + yogurt, 10.1 kJ/g).ResultsFifty minutes after consumption of the 1.5-MJ preload drinks containing sucrose, HFCS, or milk, 170%-mm VAS changes in satiety were observed. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (P ConclusionEnergy balance consequences of HFCS-sweetened soft drinks are not different from those of other isoenergetic drinks, eg, a sucrose-drink or milk.Stijn Soenen and Margriet S Westerterp-Planteng
Successful Long-term Weight Maintenance: a 2-year follow-up
No full textA 2-year Follow-up. PG - 1258-66 AB - OBJECTIVE: To find factors associated with successful weight maintenance (WM) in overweight and obese subjects after a very low-calorie diet (VLCD). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Subjects (133) followed a VLCD (2.1 MJ/d) for 6 weeks in a free-living situation. Of these, 103 subjects (age, 49.6 +/- 9.7 years; BMI, 30.9 +/- 3.8 kg/m(2)) completed the following 2-year WM period. Body weight (BW), body composition, leptin concentration, attitude toward eating, and physical activity were determined right before (t0) and after (t1) the VLCD, after 3 months (t2), after 1 year (t3), after 1.5 years (t4), and after 2 years (t5). RESULTS: BW loss during VLCD was 7.2 +/- 3.1 kg. After 2 years, follow-up BW regain was 69.0 +/- 98.4%. After 2 years of WM, 13 subjects were successful (10% BW regain). At baseline, these groups were significantly different in BMI (33.7 +/- 4.7 vs. 30.5 +/- 3.5 kg/m(2), respectively; p < 0.05) and fat mass (38.3 +/- 9.8 vs. 32.1 +/- 8.3 kg, p < 0.05). Successful subjects increased their dietary restraint significantly more during the whole study period (dietary restraint score, -4.9 +/- 4.4 vs. -2.1 +/- 3.8). Furthermore, %BW regain was associated with the amount of percentage body fat lost during VLCD, which indicates that the more fat lost, the better the WM, suggesting a fat free mass-sparing effect. DISCUSSION: Characteristics such as the ability to increase dietary restraint and maintain this high level of restraint, fat free mass sparing, and a relatively high baseline BMI and fat mass were associated with successful long-term WM (<10% regain after 2 years). AD - Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. [email protected]. FAU - Vogels, Neeltje AU - Vogels N FAU - Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S AU - Westerterp-Plantenga MS LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Obesity (Silver Spring) JT - Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) JID - 101264860 SB - I
Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations 24-h satiety and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein diet and measured in a respiration chamber
No full textCopyright © 2006 by The American Society for NutritionBackground: The mechanism of protein-induced satiety remains unclear. Objective: The objective was to investigate 24-h satiety and related hormones and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein (HP) diet in a respiration chamber. Design: Twelve healthy women aged 18–40 y were fed in energy balance an adequate-protein (AP: 10%, 60%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) or an HP (30%, 40%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) diet in a randomized crossover design. Substrate oxidation, 24-h energy expenditure (EE), appetite profile, and ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations were measured. Results: Sleeping metabolic rate (6.40 ± 0.47 compared with 6.12 ± 0.40 MJ/d; P < 0.05), diet-induced thermogenesis (0.91 ± 0.25 compared with 0.69 ± 0.24 MJ/d; P < 0.05), and satiety were significantly higher, and activity-induced EE (1.68 ± 0.32 compared with 1.86 ± 0.41; P < 0.05), respiratory quotient (0.84 ± 0.02 compared with 0.88 ± 0.03; P < 0.0005), and hunger were significantly lower during the HP diet. There was a tendency for a greater 24-h EE during the HP diet (P = 0.05). Although energy intake was not significantly different between the diet groups, the subjects were in energy balance during the HP diet and in positive energy balance during the AP diet. Satiety was related to 24-h protein intake (r2 = 0.49, P < 0.05) only during the HP diet. Ghrelin concentrations were not significantly different between diets. GLP-1 concentrations after dinner were higher during the HP than during the AP diet (P < 0.05). Conclusion: An HP diet, compared with an AP diet, fed at energy balance for 4 d increased 24-h satiety, thermogenesis, sleeping metabolic rate, protein balance, and fat oxidation. Satiety was related to protein intake, and incidentally to ghrelin and GLP-1 concentrations, only during the HP diet.Manuela PGM Lejeune, Klaas R Westerterp, Tanja CM Adam, Natalie D Luscombe-Marsh and Margriet S Westerterp-Planteng
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
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