105,865 research outputs found
Prikaz knjige Westerlund, H., i Gaunt, H. (Ur.) (2022). Expanding Professionalism in Music and Higher Music Education: A Changing Game (SEMPRE Studies in the Psychology of Music)
No full textWesterlund, H., i Gaunt, H.
(Ur.) (2022).
Expanding Professionalism
in Music and Higher Music
Education: A Changing
Game (SEMPRE Studies in
the Psychology of Music).
London i New York: Routledge,
Taylor and Francis Group.
PRIKAZ KNJIGE
Otvoreni pristup knjizi na poveznici:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/oaedit/
10.4324/9781003108337/expandingprofessionalism-
music-higher-music-educationhelena-
gaunt-heidi-westerlund ), 182 str
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ -ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646-458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims. We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods. Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646-458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results. We detected large-scale (~2 diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions. We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
On the roles of genes in Parkinson's disease
No full textParkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects 1% of the population over the age of 60. In order to identify candidate genes with a potential role in Parkinson’s disease pathology, we investigated genes which are involved in protein aggregation and the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (α‐synuclein and ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase L1, UCH‐L1), oxidative stress (DJ‐1), mitochondrial function (mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM), regulation of drug/toxin levels (multi‐drug resistance 1, MDR1 and alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, ADH and ALDHs), as well as a gene with unknown function, but highly implicated in Parkinson’s disease genetics (leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2, LRRK2).(1) Using in situ hybridization, we characterized the cellular localization of candidate genes in both human and rodent tissues and found marked diversity in terms of areas and intensities of transcriptional activity. Some genes exhibited a widespread neuronal expression (UCH‐L1, DJ‐1, SNCA), one showed a particularly high expression in the dopamine target area striatum (LRRK2), some were expressed also in non‐neuronal tissues (LRRK2, DJ‐1, MDR1), and others exclusively so (ADH1, ADH4).(2) We also searched for genetic variability in a Swedish case‐control sample consisting of 310 Parkinson patients and 315 controls, which resulted in identification of several potential risk factors (LRRK2 G2019S; MDR1 1236C/T; SNCA rs2737029 (A/G) and rs356204 (A/G), as well as protective factors (UCH‐L1 S18Y) for disease.(3) Behavior, gene expression and/or brain neurotransmitter levels were studied in different transgenic and drug‐induced rodent models (Adh4‐/‐; α‐synuclein over expressing and α‐synuclein‐/‐; Darpp‐32‐/‐ and Darpp‐32 T34A mutant and MitoPark mice and in 6‐OHDA treated rats). A possible co‐regulation between Lrrk2 and α‐synuclein gene activities was found. Moreover, Adh4‐/‐ mice displayed alterations in substantia nigra dopamine levels, as well as in dopamine‐related behavior.In conclusion, the findings in the present thesis suggest an important role for genetic risk factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Due to the great complexity of the disease, it seems likely that several molecular pathways and networks involving different genes and downstream effectors can affect the trophic support and/or survival of dopamine neurons, subsequently leading to Parkinson’s disease.List of scientific papersI. Westerlund M, Galter D, Carmine A, Olson L (2005). Tissue- and species-specific expression patterns of class I, III, and IV Adh and Aldh 1 mRNAs in rodent embryos. Cell Tissue Res. 322(2): 227-36. Epub 2005 Nov 3 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16047160II. Westerlund M, Belin AC, Felder MR, Olson L, Galter D (2007). High and complementary expression patterns of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases in the gastrointestinal tract: implications for Parkinsons disease. FEBS J. 274(5): 1212-23. Epub 2007 Jan 25 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17257171III. Carmine Belin A, Westerlund M, Anvret A, Lindqvist E, Pernold K, Ögren S O, Duester G, Galter D (2008). Modeling Parkinsons disease genetics: altered function of the dopamine system in Adh4 knockout mice. [Submitted]IV. Westerlund M, Carmine Belin A, Olson L, Galter D (2008). Cellular localization of multi‐drug resistance 1 (MDR1) in human and rodent nervous system and peripheral organs. [Submitted]V. Westerlund M, Carmine Belin A, Anvret A, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Olson L, Galter D (2008). Association of a multi‐drug resistance 1 polymorphism with Parkinsons disease. [Submitted]VI. Westerlund M, Carmine Belin A, Anvret A, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Olson L, Galter D (2008). Cerebellar alpha‐synuclein levels are decreased in Parkinsons disease and do not correlate with SNCA polymorphisms associated with disease in a Swedish material. [Submitted]VII. Westerlund M, Belin AC, Anvret A, Bickford P, Olson L, Galter D (2008). Developmental regulation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 and 2 expression in the brain and other rodent and human organs: Implications for Parkinsons disease. Neuroscience. 152(2): 429-36. Epub 2008 Jan 10 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18272292VIII. Galter D, Westerlund M, Carmine A, Lindqvist E, Sydow O, Olson L (2006). LRRK2 expression linked to dopamine-innervated areas. Ann Neurol. 59(4): 714-9 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16532471IX. Carmine Belin A, Westerlund M, Sydow O, Lundströmer K, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Olson L, Galter D (2006). Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations in a Swedish Parkinson cohort and a healthy nonagenarian. Mov Disord. 21(10): 1731-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16817197X. Westerlund M, Ran C, Borgkvist A, Sterky FH, Lindqvist E, Lundströmer K, Pernold K, Brené S, Kallunki P, Fisone G, Greengard P, Larsson N‐G, Olson L, Galter D (2008). Leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 and other PARK genes in rodent models of Parkinsons disease. [Submitted]XI. Galter D, Westerlund M, Belin AC, Olson L (2007). DJ-1 and UCH-L1 gene activity patterns in the brains of controls, Parkinson and schizophrenia patients and in rodents. Physiol Behav. 92(1-2): 46-53. Epub 2007 May 23 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17599367XII. Carmine Belin A, Westerlund M, Bergman O, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Galter D (2007). S18Y in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) associated with decreased risk of Parkinsons disease in Sweden. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 13(5): 295-8. Epub 2007 Feb 6 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17287139</p
Temperature and density distribution in the molecular gas toward westerlund 2: Further evidence for physical association
No full textFurukawa et al. reported the existence of a large mass of molecular gas associated with the super star cluster Westerlund 2 and the surrounding H II region RCW49, based on a strong morphological correspondence between NANTEN2 12CO(J = 2-1) emission and Spitzer IRAC images of the H II region. We here present temperature and density distributions in the associated molecular gas at ~3.5 pc resolution, as derived from a large velocity gradient analysis of the 12CO(J = 2-1), 12CO(J = 1-0), and 13CO(J = 2-1) transitions. The kinetic temperature is as high as ~60-150 K within a projected distance of ~5-10 pc from Westerlund 2 and decreases to as low as ~10 K away from the cluster. The high temperature provides robust verification that the molecular gas is indeed physically associated with the H II region, supporting Furukawa et al.'s conclusion. The derived temperature is also roughly consistent with theoretical calculations of photodissociation regions (PDRs), while the low spatial resolution of the present study does not warrant a more detailed comparison with PDR models. We suggest that the molecular clouds presented here will serve as an ideal laboratory to test theories on PDRs in future higher resolution studies
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646−458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims: We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods: Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646−458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results: We detected large-scale (∼2° diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions: We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
Revisión taxonómica de Cionella (Hohenwarthia) disparata Westerlund, 1892 (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Fesussaciidae)
No full textAfter the revision of museum material and the collection of live samples from the type locality, a conchological and anatomical study of Cionella (Hohenwarthia) disparata Westerlund, 1892, has been made. It has been compared to Hohenwartiana eucharista (Bourguignat, 1864) and the conclusion that Cionella (Hohenwarthia) disparata Westerlund, 1892 must be considered as a junior synonym of the aforementioned species, has been drawn. The type series of Cionella disparata and Ferussacia terveri Bourguignat, 1856, have been studied and the current geographical distribution of H. eucharista in Iberian Peninsula has been made known
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646−458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims: We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods: Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646−458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results: We detected large-scale (∼2° diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions: We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646−458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims: We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods: Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646−458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results: We detected large-scale (∼2° diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions: We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646−458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims: We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods: Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646−458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results: We detected large-scale (∼2° diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions: We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
A deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission surrounding the young massive stellar cluster Westerlund 1
No full textContext. Young massive stellar clusters are extreme environments and potentially provide the means for efficient particle acceleration. Indeed, they are increasingly considered as being responsible for a significant fraction of cosmic rays (CRs) that are accelerated within the Milky Way. Westerlund 1, the most massive known young stellar cluster in our Galaxy, is a prime candidate for studying this hypothesis. While the very-high-energy γ-ray source HESS J1646−458 has been detected in the vicinity of Westerlund 1 in the past, its association could not be firmly identified. Aims: We aim to identify the physical processes responsible for the γ-ray emission around Westerlund 1 and thus to understand the role of massive stellar clusters in the acceleration of Galactic CRs better. Methods: Using 164 h of data recorded with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), we carried out a deep spectromorphological study of the γ-ray emission of HESS J1646−458. We furthermore employed H I and CO observations of the region to infer the presence of gas that could serve as target material for interactions of accelerated CRs. Results: We detected large-scale (∼2° diameter) γ-ray emission with a complex morphology, exhibiting a shell-like structure and showing no significant variation with γ-ray energy. The combined energy spectrum of the emission extends to several tens of TeV, and it is uniform across the entire source region. We did not find a clear correlation of the γ-ray emission with gas clouds as identified through H I and CO observations. Conclusions: We conclude that, of the known objects within the region, only Westerlund 1 can explain the majority of the γ-ray emission. Several CR acceleration sites and mechanisms are conceivable and discussed in detail. While it seems clear that Westerlund 1 acts as a powerful particle accelerator, no firm conclusions on the contribution of massive stellar clusters to the flux of Galactic CRs in general can be drawn at this point
- …
