1,721,032 research outputs found
Taxonomy, systematics, and biogeography of Ficus subsection Urostigma (Moraceae)
Full text linkFive research methods were used in Taxonomy, Systematics, and Biogeography of Ficus subsection Urostigma(Moraceae); Morphological characters, leaf anatomy, pollen morphology, molecular phylogeny, and historical biogeography. Seven topics are the result: 1) A revision was made based on morphology in which 27 species are recognized, but which also showed that morphology alone cannot solve all problems because of variation within the species. 2) Leaf anatomy displayed less variation in characters and anatomical characters proved to be useful for the classification of Ficus, especially in combination with morphology. 3) Pollen morphology appeared to be similar for all species and the characters can merely be used for generic recognition. 4) A new classification for subsection Urostigma is proposed in which the circumscription of the subsection and the species is the result of combining molecular phylogenetic information with morphology and leaf anatomy. 5) Ficus cornelisiana, a new species from Sino-Himalayan, was reported based on morphological and leaf anatomical evidence. 6) The historical biogeography was studied by using molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction. 7) The use of some Thai species within subsect. Urostigma is reported, six of them are used as food, as ornamental, or the uses are related to religion or sacred purposes.UBL - phd migration 201
Systematics and biogeography of Aganope, Brachypterum and Derris (Fabaceae) in Asia
Full text linkDerris Lour. (family Fabaceae/tribe Millettieae) is a quite well-known legume genus as many species are a source of Rotenone toxin, a commercial organic insecticide and fish poison used in many countries. The genus is characterized mainly by its indehiscent, flat, thin but leathery pods with usually wing(s) along the suture(s). In the tribe Millettieae, however, there are several plants in the tropical areas of the old and new world which have similar pods and other morphological characters comparable to Derris. They all are called Derris-like taxa (or Derris-like plants) in this thesis. In the course of time, different generic circumscriptions of these plants were proposed by various taxonomists. The main objectives of this thesis are to clarify the relationships between species and genera within this complex group of Derris-like taxa [mainly focused on the old-world Asian genera: Aganope, Brachypterum and Derris (+Paraderris)] and to provide a new classification which reflects the evolutionary and biogeographic relationships of these plants.Naturalis Biodiversity Center and Royal Thai GovernmentUBL - phd migration 201
Phylogenetic and taxonomic studies in Macaranga, Mallotus and other acalyphoid genera (Euphorbiaceae s.s.)
Full text linkThe general goal of this PhD research was to study the phylogeny and systematics of selected plant genera in the subfamily Acalyphoideae s.s. of the angiosperm family Euphorbiaceae. The main focus was on two large genera, Macaranga and Mallotus, and a number of smaller genera related to them. The phylogeny of these genera was studied using sequence data from plastid (trnL-F) and nuclear (ITS, ncpGS, phyC) markers. The results show that Macaranga is a monophyletic genus, but that Mallotus is paraphyletic for two reasons: 1) Mallotus sections Hancea and Oliganthae form a separate clade together with the genera Cordemoya and Deuteromallotus, and 2) the genera Coccoceras, Neotrewia, Octospermum and Trewia are part of the main Mallotus clade. To reflect these findings in the classifications, Neotrewia, Octospermum and Trewia were merged with Mallotus (the other necessary taxonomic rearrangements have been conducted separately). A taxonomic revision for these three genera was also conducted. Further, the phylogeny of the main Mallotus clade was studied in more details using both molecular (matK, gpd) and morphological data. Additionally, a taxonomic revision of the Malesian species in the genus Cleidion was conducted, and the morphology and phylogenetic position of previously insufficiently known African genus Afrotrewia was studied.This study was financially supported by Finnish Cultural Foundation (Suomen Kulttuurirahasto) and Leids Universiteits Fonds.UBL - phd migration 201
The rise and fall of Sauropus (Phyllanthaceae) : a molecular phylogenetic analysis of Sauropus and allies
Full text linkMolecular phylogenetic studies focused on the genus Phyllanthus L. (Phyllanthaceae) showed that Sauropus Blume (including Synostemon F.Muell.) and its related genera Breynia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. and Glochidion J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. should be united with Phyllanthus to create a monophyletic genus. The relationships within Sauropus and its relationship with Breynia were studied to test/corroborate such a broad definition of Phyllanthus. The molecular phylogenetic analyses show that Sauropus in the broad sense is composed of two distinct groups, the former Australian Synostemon and the Southeast Asian Sauropus in the strict sense with the monophyletic Breynia embedded in the latter. As the phylogeny of the species rich Phyllanthus is still far from completed and the results here strongly support the distinction of monophyletic groups such as Glochidion, former Synostemon, and Sauropus/Breynia. These genera are recognisable, while union with Phyllanthus (suggested by Hoffmann and co-authors in 2006) will turn the latter into an unrecognisable monolithic giant of a genus. It is a much better strategy to use the complete phylogeny of Phyllanthus to render it into smaller, monophyletic genera that can be characterized. The present study shows Synostemon has to be recognised again on generic level. Breynia, the older name, is nested within Sauropus, leading us to transfer the latter to Breynia. Within this broadened Breynia, two subgenera and two sections are distinguished, subgenus Sauropus and subgenus Breynia with section Cryptogynium and section Breynia under the latter.Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization), ThailandUBL - phd migration 201
The Malesian species of Sarcopteryx Radlk. (Sapindaceae)
No full textThe Malesian species of the genus Sarcopteryx are revised. Seven species are recognized, of which two, Sarcopteryx crispata and especially S. squamosa are very variable. Three new species are described: Sarcopteryx caudata, S. crispata, and S. rubiginosa
Key to the Malesian genera of Sapindaceae (based on vegetative and fruit characteristics)
No full textA key to the 40 Malesian genera of Sapindaceae is provided. This key is only meant for fruiting specimens. As a first quick check of the correctness of the identification, short indications of the geography of the genera and, when present, figures of the fruits are provided
A revision of the Malesian species of Blachia (Euphorbiaceae)
No full textMalesia harbours one, possibly two species of Blachia. In the Philippines B. philippinensis is found and this species is not synonymous with B. andamanica. In literature B. andamanica has been recorded for west Malesia, but no specimens were seen. Based on its presence in Peninsular Thailand and the Andamans it is likely to be present in Peninsular Malaysia. The most distinct difference between both species is in the indumentum of the ovary, sparsely hairy in the lower half versus densely and completely sericeous, respectively
A taxonomic revision of the genus Arthraxon Beauv. (Gramineae)
No full textA world-revision of Arthraxon Beauv. ( Gramineae) is presented. Three wide-spread species, A. hispidus (Thunb.) Makino, A. lanceolatus (Roxb.) Hochst., and A. lancifolius (Trin.) Hochst. are very variable and have caused the description of a great number of taxa, most of which are here reduced to synonomy. There are now 7 species and 9 varieties; for 6 of the latter new combinations are proposed. No new taxa are described
Pandaceae
No full textPandaceae is a monophyletic group of three genera that was often regarded as part of the Euphorbiaceae, but of which molecular based phylogenies show it to be a distinct family. Malesia comprises two genera, Galearia (five species) and Microdesmis (two species) of which the taxonomic status, wood and pollen is discussed in a general way. The genus and species treatments contain descriptions, drawings, keys, distribution maps, and notes on habitat, ecology, uses, etc
Taxonomy, phylogeny, and geography of Neoscortechinia Hook. f. ex Pax (Euphorbiaceae)
No full textSix species are recognized in Neoscortechinia, two more than before, because N. angustifolia is raised to species level and N. forbesii is split into N. philippinensis (new combination) and N. forbesii s.s. The varieties of N. kingii are united. The genus Cheilosa, which closely resembles Neoscortechinia, is kept separate and it is used as the outgroup in the cladistic analysis of Neoscortechinia. The latter analysis resulted into a cladogram, which shows a first branching off of the sister species N. angustifolia and N. sumatrensis, followed by a subsequent branching off of N. nicobarica, N. philippinensis, and finally N. forbesii and N. kingii. Four of the six species show a wide-spread distribution in W Malesia ( N. kingii, N. nicobarica, N. philippinensis, and N. sumatrensis) and N. forbesii is wide-spread in E Malesia. Only N. angustifolia has an endemic distribution (NE Borneo) and is vicariant with its sister species. The distribution of N. forbesii may be due to dispersal combined with a vicariance event
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